CiteScore

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CiteScore (CS) of an academic journal is a measure reflecting the yearly average number of citations to recent articles published in that journal. It is produced by Elsevier, based on the citations recorded in the Scopus database. Absolute rankings and percentile ranks are also reported for each journal in a given subject area. [1]

Contents

This journal evaluation metric was launched in December 2016 as an alternative to the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) impact factor (IF), calculated by Clarivate. CiteScore is based on the citations collected for articles published in the preceding four years, instead of two or five in the JCR IF. This enhanced methodology was introduced with the release of CiteScore 2019 in June 2020. At launch, CiteScore's neutrality was questioned by bibliometrics experts like Carl Bergstrom, who found it appeared to favour Elsevier's titles of Nature's. [2]

Calculation

In any given year, the CiteScore of a journal is the number of citations, received in that year and in previous three years, for documents published in the journal during the total period (four years), divided by the total number of published documents (articles, reviews, conference papers, book chapters, and data papers) in the journal during the same four-year period: [3]

For example, Nature had a CiteScore 2021 of 70.2: [4]

For example, the 2017 CiteScores were reported first in 2018 when all data was available completely. CiteScores are typically released in late May, [5] approximately one month earlier than the JCR impact factors. [6] Scopus also provides the projected CiteScores for the next year, which are updated every month. [3]

Pre-2020 formula

Before 2020, the score was calculated differently: in a given year, the CiteScore of a journal was the number of citations received in that year of articles published in that journal during the three preceding years, divided by the total number of "citable items" published in that journal during the three preceding years: [3]

For example, Nature had a CiteScore of 14.456 in 2017:

Because the calculation method changed, knowing the calculation date is an important detail when comparing CiteScores. For example, the Nature CiteScore for 2017 calculated with the post-2020 method is 53.7. [4]

Comparison to JCR Impact Factor

CiteScore vs. IF for American Chemical Society (ACS, green) and Nature group journals (blue), 2017 data. The values for Nature journals lie well above the expected ca. 1:1 linear dependence because those journals contain a significant fraction of editorials. CS-IF2017.png
CiteScore vs. IF for American Chemical Society (ACS, green) and Nature group journals (blue), 2017 data. The values for Nature journals lie well above the expected ca. 1:1 linear dependence because those journals contain a significant fraction of editorials.

CiteScore was designed to compete with the two-year JCR impact factor, which is currently the most widely used journal metric. [7] [8] Their main differences are as follows: [9]

ParameterJCR IFCiteScore
Evaluation period (years)24
DatabaseJCRScopus
No. indexed journals (Mar 2022)20,99428,134 (Active Journals)
AccessSubscribersAnyone
Evaluated itemsArticles, reviewsArticles, Reviews, Conference Papers, Data Papers,

Book chapters

Another difference is the definition of the "number of publications" or "citable items". [9]

Related Research Articles

PLOS Biology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of biology. Publication began on October 13, 2003. It is the first journal published by the Public Library of Science. The editor-in-chief is Nonia Pariente.

Scopus is an abstract and citation database launched by the academic publisher Elsevier in 2004.

The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a scientometric index calculated by Clarivate that reflects the yearly mean number of citations of articles published in the last two years in a given journal, as indexed by Clarivate's Web of Science.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Google Scholar</span> Academic search service by Google

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Citation impact or citation rate is a measure of how many times an academic journal article or book or author is cited by other articles, books or authors. Citation counts are interpreted as measures of the impact or influence of academic work and have given rise to the field of bibliometrics or scientometrics, specializing in the study of patterns of academic impact through citation analysis. The importance of journals can be measured by the average citation rate, the ratio of number of citations to number articles published within a given time period and in a given index, such as the journal impact factor or the citescore. It is used by academic institutions in decisions about academic tenure, promotion and hiring, and hence also used by authors in deciding which journal to publish in. Citation-like measures are also used in other fields that do ranking, such as Google's PageRank algorithm, software metrics, college and university rankings, and business performance indicators.

The h-index is an author-level metric that measures both the productivity and citation impact of the publications, initially used for an individual scientist or scholar. The h-index correlates with success indicators such as winning the Nobel Prize, being accepted for research fellowships and holding positions at top universities. The index is based on the set of the scientist's most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in other publications. The index has more recently been applied to the productivity and impact of a scholarly journal as well as a group of scientists, such as a department or university or country. The index was suggested in 2005 by Jorge E. Hirsch, a physicist at UC San Diego, as a tool for determining theoretical physicists' relative quality and is sometimes called the Hirsch index or Hirsch number.

Journal Citation Reports (JCR) is an annual publication by Clarivate. It has been integrated with the Web of Science and is accessed from the Web of Science Core Collection. It provides information about academic journals in the natural and social sciences, including impact factors. JCR was originally published as a part of the Science Citation Index. Currently, the JCR, as a distinct service, is based on citations compiled from the Science Citation Index Expanded and the Social Sciences Citation Index. As of the 2023 edition, journals from the Arts and Humanities Citation Index and the Emerging Sources Citation Index have also been included.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Web of Science</span> Online subscription index of citations

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In scholarly and scientific publishing, altmetrics are non-traditional bibliometrics proposed as an alternative or complement to more traditional citation impact metrics, such as impact factor and h-index. The term altmetrics was proposed in 2010, as a generalization of article level metrics, and has its roots in the #altmetrics hashtag. Although altmetrics are often thought of as metrics about articles, they can be applied to people, journals, books, data sets, presentations, videos, source code repositories, web pages, etc.

<i>Global Business Review</i> Academic journal

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References

  1. "How are CiteScore metrics used in Scopus?". Scopus: Access and use Support Center. 2022-07-29. Retrieved 2023-05-24.
  2. Straumsheim, Carl. "How to Measure Impact". Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
  3. 1 2 3 "Journal Metrics - FAQs". Scopus . Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2020-04-14. Retrieved 2023-02-05.
  4. 1 2 "Source Details: Nature". Scopus . Elsevier . Retrieved 2023-02-05.
  5. "Elsevier releases 2017 CiteScore™ values" (Press release). Amsterdam: Elsevier. May 31, 2018.
  6. Collier, Keith (June 30, 2021). "The 2021 Journal Citation Reports: A continuing evolution in journal intelligence". Clarivate .
  7. Gray, Edward; Hodkinson, Sarah Z. (2008). "Comparison of Journal Citation Reports and Scopus Impact Factors for Ecology and Environmental Sciences Journals". Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship (54). doi:10.5062/F4FF3Q9G.
  8. "Journal Citation Reports: JCR ®". The University of Notre Dame Australia . Archived from the original on 2021-02-25. Retrieved 2023-02-05.
  9. 1 2 Van Noorden, Richard (2016). "Controversial impact factor gets a heavyweight rival". Nature. 540 (7633): 325–326. Bibcode:2016Natur.540..325V. doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.21131 . PMID   27974784.