Related Research Articles
An abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism or crasis.
In English writing, quotation marks or inverted commas, also known informally as quotes, talking marks, speech marks, quote marks, quotemarks or speechmarks, are punctuation marks placed on either side of a word or phrase in order to identify it as a quotation, direct speech or a literal title or name. Quotation marks may be used to indicate that the meaning of the word or phrase they surround should be taken to be different from that typically associated with it, and are often used in this way to express irony. They are also sometimes used to emphasise a word or phrase, although this is usually considered incorrect.
The Chicago Manual of Style is a style guide for American English published since 1906 by the University of Chicago Press. Its 18 editions have prescribed writing and citation styles widely used in publishing.
Copy editing is the process of revising written material ("copy") to improve quality and readability, as well as ensuring that a text is free of errors in grammar, style and accuracy. The Chicago Manual of Style states that manuscript editing encompasses "simple mechanical corrections through sentence-level interventions to substantial remedial work on literary style and clarity, disorganized passages, baggy prose, muddled tables and figures, and the like ". In the context of print publication, copy editing is done before typesetting and again before proofreading. Outside traditional book and journal publishing, the term "copy editing" is used more broadly, and is sometimes referred to as proofreading; the term sometimes encompasses additional tasks.
A technical writer is a professional communicator whose task is to convey complex information in simple terms to an audience of the general public or a very select group of readers. Technical writers research and create information through a variety of delivery media. Example types of information include online help, manuals, white papers, design specifications, project plans, and software test plans. With the rise of e-learning, technical writers are increasingly hired to develop online training material.
In English-language punctuation, the serial comma, also referred to as the series comma, Oxford comma, or Harvard comma, is a comma placed immediately after the penultimate term and before the coordinating conjunction in a series of three or more terms. For instance, a list of three countries might be punctuated without the serial comma as "France, Italy and Spain" or with the serial comma as "France, Italy, and Spain". The serial comma can serve to avoid ambiguity in specific contexts, though its employment may also generate ambiguity under certain circumstances.
An outline, also called a hierarchical outline, is a list arranged to show hierarchical relationships and is a type of tree structure. An outline is used to present the main points or topics (terms) of a given subject. Each item in an outline may be divided into additional sub-items. If an organizational level in an outline is to be sub-divided, it shall have at least two subcategories, although one subcategory is acceptable on the third and fourth levels, as advised by major style manuals in current use. An outline may be used as a drafting tool of a document, or as a summary of the content of a document or of the knowledge in an entire field. It is not to be confused with the general context of the term "outline", which a summary or overview of a subject, presented verbally or written in prose. The outlines described in this article are lists, and come in several varieties.
Kate Larimore Turabian was an American educator who is best known for her book A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations. In 2018, the University of Chicago Press published the 9th edition of the book. The University of Chicago Press estimates that the various editions of this book have sold more than 9 million copies since its publication in 1937. A 2016 analysis of over one million college course syllabi found that Turabian was the most commonly assigned female author due to this book.
Hart's Rules for Compositors and Readers at the University Press, Oxford is a reference book and style guide published in England by Oxford University Press (OUP). Hart's Rules originated as a compilation of best practices and standards by English printer and biographer Horace Hart over almost three decades during his employment at other printing establishments, but they were first printed as a single broadsheet page for in-house use by the OUP in 1893 while Hart's job was controller of the university press. They were originally intended as a concise style guide for the staff of the OUP, but they developed continuously over the years, were published in 1904, and soon gained wider use as a source for authoritative instructions on typesetting style, grammar, punctuation, and usage.
Parenthetical referencing is a citation system in which in-text citations are made using parentheses. They are usually accompanied by a full, alphabetized list of citations in an end section, usually titled "references", "reference list", "works cited", or "end-text citations". Parenthetical referencing can be used in lieu of footnote citations.
Sentence spacing concerns how spaces are inserted between sentences in typeset text and is a matter of typographical convention. Since the introduction of movable-type printing in Europe, various sentence spacing conventions have been used in languages with a Latin alphabet. These include a normal word space, a single enlarged space, and two full spaces.
Scientific writing is writing about science, with an implication that the writing is by scientists and for an audience that primarily includes peers—those with sufficient expertise to follow in detail. Scientific writing is a specialized form of technical writing, and a prominent genre of it involves reporting about scientific studies such as in articles for a scientific journal. Other scientific writing genres include writing literature-review articles, which summarize the existing state of a given aspect of a scientific field, and writing grant proposals, which are a common means of obtaining funding to support scientific research. Scientific writing is more likely to focus on the pure sciences compared to other aspects of technical communication that are more applied, although there is overlap. There is not one specific style for citations and references in scientific writing. Whether you are submitting a grant proposal, literature review articles, or submitting an article into a paper, the citation system that must be used will depend on the publication you plan to submit to.
MLA Handbook, formerly MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (1977–2009), establishes a system for documenting sources in scholarly writing. It is published by the Modern Language Association, which is based in the United States. According to the organization, their MLA style "has been widely adopted for classroom instruction and used worldwide by scholars, journal publishers, and academic and commercial presses".
The Microsoft Manual of Style: Your Everyday Guide to Usage, Terminology, and Style for Professional Technical Communications (MSTP), in former editions the Microsoft Manual of Style for Technical Publications, was a style guide published by Microsoft. The fourth edition, ISBN 0-7356-4871-9, was published in 2012. Microsoft employees and partners also had access to a Microsoft Compressed HTML Help (CHM) version.
A style guide is a set of standards for the writing, formatting, and design of documents. A book-length style guide is often called a style manual or a manual of style. A short style guide, typically ranging from several to several dozen pages, is often called a style sheet. The standards documented in a style guide are applicable either for general use, or prescribed use for an individual publication, particular organization, or specific field.
The full stop, period, or full point. is a punctuation mark used for several purposes, most often to mark the end of a declarative sentence.
A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations is a style guide for writing and formatting research papers, theses, and dissertations and is published by the University of Chicago Press.
Sentence spacing guidance is provided in many language and style guides. The majority of style guides that use a Latin-derived alphabet as a language base now prescribe or recommend the use of a single space after the concluding punctuation of a sentence.
AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors is the style guide of the American Medical Association. It is written by the editors of JAMA and the JAMA Network journals and is most recently published by Oxford University Press. It specifies the writing, editing, and citation styles for use in the journals published by the American Medical Association.
References
- ↑ "ISO 215:1986 – Documentation – Presentation of contributions to periodicals and other serials". International Organization for Standardization.
- ↑ "Council of Europe English Style Guide PDF" (PDF). European Centre for Modern Languages of the Council of Europe. 20 October 2023. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2023.
- ↑ "English resources: English Style Guide". European Commission. April 2023. Archived from the original on 22 December 2016.
- ↑ "Publications Office — Interinstitutional style guide — Home". Publications.Europa.eu.
- ↑ "BBC News style guide". BBC Academy.
- ↑ "Style Guide | the Economist". The Economist . Archived from the original on 7 February 2013. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
- ↑ "Guardian and Observer style guide: A". Theguardian.com. 23 December 2015.
- ↑ "Acorn Technical Publications Style Guide" (PDF). RISC OS Open. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
- ↑ "RISC OS Style Guide" (PDF). RISC OS Open. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
- ↑ Favilla, Emmy; Paolone, Megan (8 March 2023). "BuzzFeed Style Guide". BuzzFeed.com.
- ↑ Barr, Chris (2010). The Yahoo! Style Guide. Yahoo! Inc. ISBN 9780312569846.
- ↑ Cunningham, Helen; Greene, Brenda (2013). The Business Style Handbook: An A-to-Z Guide for Effective Writing on the Job (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 9780071800105.
- ↑ Apple Inc. (March 2024). "Apple Style Guide".
- ↑ "Apple Style Guide" (PDF). April 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 February 2015.
- ↑ Digital Ocean. "DigitalOcean documentation style guide". Docs.DigitalOcean.com.
- ↑ GNOME. "GNOME documentation style guide".
- ↑ "Google developer documentation style guide". Google Inc.
- ↑ DeRespinis, Francis (2011). The IBM Style Guide: Conventions for Writers and Editors. IBM Press. ISBN 9780132101301.
- ↑ Carey, Michelle (2014). Developing Quality Technical Information: A Handbook for Writers and Editors (3rd ed.). IBM Press. ISBN 9780133119008.
- ↑ Mailchimp. "Mailchimp content style guide".
- ↑ "Microsoft Writing Style Guide". Microsoft.
- ↑ MongoDB. "MongoDB documentation style guide".
- ↑ Mozilla. "Mozilla Writing Style Guide".
- ↑ Rackspace. "Rackspace style guide for technical content".
- ↑ Sun Technical Publications (2010). Read me first!: A style guide for the computer industry (3rd ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 9780137058266.
- ↑ "Red Hat Style Guide". Stylepedia.net. Red Hat.
- ↑ "Salesforce style guide for documentation and user interface text". Salesforce.
- ↑ "Welcome to the Splunk Style Guide - Splunk Documentation". Docs.Splunk.com. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
- ↑ SUSE. "SUSE documentation style guide".
- ↑ "Shaw Communications". Members.Shaw.ca.
- ↑ "Scientific Style and Format Online". Scientific Style and Format Online. Council of Science Editors / Chicago University Press.
- ↑ Yin, Karen. "Conscious Language + Design". Conscious Style Guide. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
- ↑ "GLAAD Media Reference Guide". GLAAD.org (10th ed.). 25 August 2011.
- ↑ "AAE Style Guide NEW". 7 March 2015. Archived from the original on 7 March 2015.
