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Meena is a tribe from northern and western India which is sometimes considered a sub-group of the Bhil community. It used to be claimed they speak Mina language, a spurious language. Its name is also transliterated as Meenanda or Mina. They got the status of Scheduled Tribe by the Government of India in 1954.
The Adivasi are heterogeneous tribal groups across the Indian subcontinent. The term is a Sanskrit word coined in the 1930s by political activists to give the tribal people an indigenous identity by claiming an indigenous origin. The term is also used for ethnic minorities, such as Chakmas of Bangladesh, mulbasi Tibeto-Burman of Nepal, and Vedda of Sri Lanka. The Constitution of India does not use the word Adivasi, instead referring to Scheduled Tribes and Janjati. The government of India does not officially recognise tribes as indigenous people. The country ratified the International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention 107 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples of the United Nations (1957) and refused to sign the ILO Convention 169. Most of these groups are included in the Scheduled Tribe category under constitutional provisions in India.
Bhil or Bheel refer to various indigenous groups inhabiting western India, including parts of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh and are also found in distant places such as Bengal and Tripura. They speak various languages of Indo-Aryan origin, owing to language shift, collectively referred to as the Bhil languages. Bhils are divided into a number of endogamous territorial divisions, which in turn have a number of clans and lineages.
Garasia, alternatively spelled Girasia, Girasiya or Garasiya, is a title used by the Koli chieftains of petty states or Jagirdars in India who held the villages as Giras granted by rulers. Many of the Chunvalia Kolis held the title of Girasia and they worshipped the Hindu goddess Shakti.
The Bhil Meena are a tribal group found in the state of Rajasthan, India.
There are 43 recognized Scheduled Tribes in Madhya Pradesh, India, three of which have been identified as "Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups" or "PTGs". The population of Scheduled Tribals (ST) is 21.1 per cent of the state population, according to the 2011 census. Bounded by the Narmada River to the north and the Godavari River to the southeast, tribal peoples occupy the slopes of the region's mountains.
Vasavi is a Western Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Bhil people, though not intelligible with Bhili. The Vasavi live mainly in two districts straddling the Gujarat-Maharashtra border: Bharuch district in Gujarat and Dhule district of Maharashtra. Smaller communities may be found Vadodara and Surat districts of Gujarat and in south western Madhya Pradesh.
Bhilori is a Bhil language of India. There are 100,000 speakers of each of the two varieties, Dungra and Noiri, which are highly intelligible with each other.
The Dhanka or Dhanak are a tribe or caste of India who believe themselves to be aboriginal, although they are unable to assert from whence they came. They are found in Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh they are no relation with dhanuk kurmi. They are historically Hindu and their occupations have changed over time, as circumstances have dictated for survival. Although similar groups in India are often referred to as adivasi, the Dhanka generally reject this term.
The Tadvi Bhil is a tribal community found in the states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan in India. They are from the larger Bhil ethnic group, and are a clan of it. They use the surname Tadvi or sometimes the name of their Kul or Gan; the Dhankas of Gujarat and Maharashtra use Tadvi or Tetariya.
The Dungri Garasia are a clan of the Bhil ethnic community found in the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in India. They have scheduled tribe status.
The Vasava are a clan of the Bhil community found in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan in India. They have scheduled tribe status. In Rajasthan, they are also known as Vasave.
The Damor are an ethnic community found indigenous to the current state of Gujarat in India. They are also known as Damaria.
The Rawal Bhil are a clan of the Bhil ethnic community and are found in the state of Rajasthan, India.
The Dholi Bhil are a clan of the Bhil ethnic community and are indigenous to the current state of Rajasthan, India.
Gamit Ramilaben Raysingbhai is a tribal social worker from Taparwada Village, Tapi district, Gujarat, India, known for her work in transforming several villages in Gujarat to open-defecation free villages. She is also known for her work for the empowerment of rural women by setting up a large number of self help groups of women. In the year 2022, the government of India honoured Gamit Ramilaben Raysingbhai by conferring the Padma Shri Award for her contribution to social work.
The Sindhi Bhils/Bheels are an Sindhinised sub-group of the Bhil people who live in the Sindh, Punjab, and Balochistan provinces of Pakistan. They are one of major Tribe Community in the region, and are one of the Hindu groups in Pakistan who are known to not leave Sindh during the Partition of India.
References
- ↑ "List of Scheduled Tribes". Census of India: Government of India. 7 March 2007. Archived from the original on 5 June 2010. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
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