Tadvi Bhil | |
---|---|
Languages | Marathi and Bhili |
Populated states | Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh |
Subdivisions | 12 main clans |
The Tadvi Bhil is a tribal community found in the states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan in India. They are from the larger Bhil ethnic group, and are a clan of it. They use the surname Tadvi or sometimes the name of their Kul or Gan; the Dhankas of Gujarat and Maharashtra use Tadvi or Tetariya. [1]
The Tadvi Bhil inhabit an area which roughly covers the border areas of the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. This territory forms the core of the Faruqi kingdom, a medieval state in central India. In the Western part of this area, Tadvis and Vasavas are mainly Hindu but some Christian missionary activities are seen in this region. [2] A close association between the Bhil of this region, and the Faruqi state led to the conversion of some of them to Islam. The dance that they perform on various occasions is known as Timli or Sajoni, or commonly known as tribal dance.[ citation needed ]
The Tadvi speak a dialect of their own, also known as Tadvi, but many are switching to Marathi. Their language is also Dhanka and Bhilori, which belongs to the Bhil group. They inhabit villages which are largely Tadvi. The community consist mainly of small cultivators. Like the wider Bhil community, they currently practise gotra exogamy, and are endogamous. [3]
As of 2001 [update] , the Tadvi Bhil of Rajasthan were classified as a Scheduled Tribe under the Indian government's reservation program of positive discrimination. [4]
The Tadvi Bhil tribe and the Tadvi tribe are two distinct tribes. [5] Tadvi Bhil are part of the Bhil ethnic group whereas the Tadvi tribe is not Bhil[ citation needed ], but a sub-tribe of the Dhanka ethnic group. Dhanka, once itself under the Bhil, separated nearly 900 years ago.[ citation needed ]
Anthropologist Megan Moodie says about Dhanka history that what does exist "tend[s] to be brief and stress their 'insignificance' and lowness". She notes that they are a sub-tribe of the Bhil people, and that they are today found throughout much of western India. [6] Dhanka has 3 major sub-tribes; Tadvi, Tetaria and Valvi. Their occupations have changed over time, as circumstances have dictated. In the State of Maharashtra, the Tadvi tribe is mentioned at serial No.13 whereas the Tadvi Bhil is placed at serial no. 8 in List of Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra [7] in accordance with The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act 1976 (Act No.108 of 1976). [8] In the state of Gujarat, the Tadvi tribe is placed at serial No. 8 and the Tadvi Bhil at Serial No. 4 in List of Scheduled Tribes in Gujarat [9] in accordance with Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act,1976. [10] They speak Tadvi Boli Bhasha[ citation needed ], unlike the Tadvi Bhil, who speak Bhilori. Both the tribes have a significant presence in the Dhule, Nandurbar and Jalgaon districts of Maharashtra State. Many Tadvi tribals migrated around the Marathwada region[ citation needed ] around 100–150 years ago, but Tadvi Bhil are found at the border of the Aurangabad and Jalgaon districts of Maharashtra state. The traditions of both tribes are similar but some differences exist[ dubious – discuss ]. [11]
Bhil or Bheel refer to various indigenous groups inhabiting western India, including parts of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh and are also found in distant places such as Bengal and Tripura. They speak various languages of Indo-Aryan origin, owing to language shift, collectively referred to as the Bhil languages. Bhils are divided into a number of endogamous territorial divisions, which in turn have a number of clans and lineages.
Bhili, IPA:[bʱiːliː], is a Western Indo-Aryan language spoken in west-central India, in the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh. Other names for the language include Bhagoria and Bhilboli; several varieties are called Garasia. Bhili is a member of the Bhil languages, which are related to Gujarati and Rajasthani. The language is written using the Devanagari script.
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The Bhil languages are a group of Indo-Aryan languages spoken by around 10.4 million Bhils in western and central India as of 2011. They constitute the primary languages of the southern Aravalli Range in Rajasthan and the western Satpura Range in Madhya Pradesh, northwestern Maharashtra, and southern Gujarat. According to the 52nd report of the commissioner for linguistic minorities in India, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Bhili is the most commonly spoken language of the district of Dadra and Nagar Haveli constituting 40.42% of its total population. Bhili speakers are also significant in the states of Gujarat (4.75%), Madhya Pradesh (4.93%) and Rajasthan (4.60%).
The Cosmos Co-operative Bank Ltd., established in 1906, is one of the oldest Urban Co-operative Banks in India. Cosmos Bank celebrated its centenary on 18 January 2006. It is one of the first co-operative banks in the country to implement Core Banking System (CBS) across the entire network of its then 140 service outlets using Finacle-Infosys Core Banking Software. It also received an authorized dealer (AD) license from the Reserve Bank of India to become the third co-operative bank in India to have such a license in thirty years.
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The Rathva or Rathwa is a Subcaste of the Koli caste found in the Indian state of Gujarat. Rathava Kolis were agriculturist by profession and turbulent by habits but now lives like Adivasis such as Bhil because of their neighborhood
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The Barda are a tribal community found in the states of Gujarat and Maharashtra in India. They have scheduled tribe status. The community is also known as Adivasi or Khandeshi Bhil.
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The Koli are an agriculturist caste of India, mostly found in Gujarat. At the beginning of 20th century, the Koli caste was recognised as a criminal tribe under Criminal Tribes Act by British Indian government because of their anti-social activities but during the World War I, Kolis were recognised as a Martial caste by British Indian Empire. Kolis of Gujarat were well-known pirates of Arabian Sea.
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