The politics of Haiti takes place in the framework of a unitary semi-presidential republic,where the president is the head of state and the prime minister is the head of government. The politics of Haiti are considered historically unstable due to various coups d'état,regime changes,military juntas and internal conflicts. After Jean-Bertrand Aristide was deposed,Haitian politics became relatively stable. The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Haiti an "authoritarian regime" in 2022. According to the V-Dem Democracy indices Haiti is 2023 the 4th least electoral democratic country in Latin America.
Jocelerme Privert is a Haitian accountant and bureaucrat who served as the interim President of Haiti from 2016 to 2017.
Michel Joseph Martelly is a Haitian musician and politician who served as the 42nd president of Haiti from May 2011 until February 2016. On August 20,2024,the United States sanctioned the former president for trafficking drugs,in particular cocaine,into the United States,and for sponsoring several gangs based in Haiti.
Early presidential elections were held in Gabon on 30 August 2009. They took place due to the death of incumbent President Omar Bongo on 8 June,after more than 41 years as the sole president of Gabon. While the constitution stated that interim President Rose Francine Rogombéshould organise elections within 30 to 45 days,the Constitutional Court accepted the government's request for a delay due to the circumstances.
Laurent Salvador Lamothe is a Haitian businessman,technology entrepreneur,and political figure who has served in the government of Haiti as Foreign Minister beginning in October 2011,then as Prime Minister after appointment on 4 May 2012. On 14 December 2014,Lamothe resigned from his position as Prime Minister. Canada and the United States have imposed sanctions on him and accused him of corruption.
The Ministry of Interior and Territorial Communities is a ministry of the Government of Haiti. An interior ministry,it is mainly responsible for the maintenance of internal security and domestic policy. In addition,the ministry is part of the Prime Minister's Cabinet.
Presidential elections were held in Haiti on 25 October 2015,alongside local elections and the second round of the legislative elections. Incumbent President Michel Martelly was constitutionally barred from running. As no candidate received a majority of the vote in the first round,a runoff was to be held on 27 December 2015. On 22 December the Conseil Electoral Provisoire (CEP) announced that the runoff has been postponed indefinitely. However,on 1 January 2016 President Michel Martelly announced that the runoff would be held on 17 January,but on 7 January the President changed the date to 24 January. On 20 January,Jude Célestin issued a statement that calls "whatever the person who will participate in this January 24 [runoff],is a traitor to the Nation". Because of rioting and electoral violence,on 22 January the CEP decided to postpone the second round again,with no specific date given,even after President Michel Martelly confirmed the previous day in a nationwide speech that the election should still take place. The run-off date was later agreed to take place on 24 April 2016.
Patriotic Unity,is a political party in Haiti founded on 28 November 2009. Its dissolution had been claimed by former leading members on 30 April 2019 but was then disputed by the current leadership. Its founder and leader was RenéPréval,who served as President of Haiti from 2006 to 2011.
Jovenel Moïse was a Haitian politician and entrepreneur who served as the 43rd president of Haiti from 2017 until his assassination in 2021. He assumed the presidency in February 2017 after winning the November 2016 election. During his term,Haiti experienced widespread protests and unrest. In the early morning of 7 July 2021,Moïse was assassinated and his wife Martine was injured during an attack on their private residence in Pétion-Ville. Claude Joseph assumed the role of acting president in the aftermath of Moïse's assassination.
Enex Jean-Charles is a Haitian politician who served as Prime Minister of Haiti from March 2016 until March 2017.
Cholzer Chancy is a Haitian politician. He was Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies between 11 January 2016 and 11 January 2018. He is a member of the political party Haiti in Action.
Indirect presidential elections were held in Haiti on 13 and 14 February 2016 following the annulment of the results of the 2015 elections by the Provisional Electoral Council,and after Michel Martelly resigned the presidency and Prime Minister Evans Paul assumed office as acting president on 7 February 2016. The members of the National Assembly voted for the interim President on 13 February 2016 in the first round and on 14 February in the second round.
Events in the year 2017 in Haiti.
Jean-Michel Lapin is a Haitian politician who served as acting Prime Minister of Haiti from 2019 to 2020.
Ariel Henry is a Haitian neurosurgeon and politician who served as the acting prime minister after the assassination of Jovenel Moïse,until his formal resignation on 24 April 2024. During this period where the role of the head of state was vacant,the Council of Ministers he presided exercised executive power. He also served as the acting Minister of Interior and Territorial Communities.
Konvansyon Inite Demokratik (KID) is a populist political party in Haiti which originated in 1986 as a political pressure group,and which was formally made into a political party in 1995. The party has also been referred to as the Komite Inite Demokratik and the Konfederasyon Inite Demokratik. After the 2015-16 elections,KID emerged with 2 seats in the Senate and 7 in the Chamber of Deputies.
The Transitional Presidential Council is a temporary body constituted by the Council of Ministers on 12 April 2024 and sworn in at the National Palace on 25 April to exercise the powers and duties of the president of Haiti either until an elected president is inaugurated or until 7 February 2026,whichever comes first.
Fritz Bélizaire is a Haitian politician and civil engineer who was nominated by four of the seven parties of the Transitional Presidential Council to act as Prime Minister of Haiti. Before being nominated,he was the Minister of Youth and Sports from 2006 to 2011 under President RenéPréval and as an executive in the Ministry of Public Works,Transportation and Communications. Bélizaire has been described as "little known",but was praised by Edgard Leblanc Fils,who was chosen the same day by the Transitional Presidential Council to be its president. Though designated by a majority,the choice was contested within the council. As a result,the "Indissoluble Majority Bloc" (BMI),composed of Smith Augustin,Emmanuel Vertilaire,Louis Gérald Gilles and Edgard Leblanc Fils,agreed to respect the procedure laid out in the 3 April 2024 agreement,thereby giving the other sectors a chance to make nominations. The council later started re-accepting submissions for the position of Prime Minister from 13–17 May,and on 27 May six of the seven members chose former prime minister Garry Conille as his successor,discarding the earlier vote that selected Bélizaire.
Déjean Bélizaire is a Haitian politician who served as president of the Senate from 1991 to 1993.
Leslie Voltaire is a Haitian politician and architect serving as the president of the Transitional Presidential Council since October 2024. He previously served in the administrations of Jean-Bertrand Aristide and RenéPréval and was a candidate for president in the 2010 election.
