This article needs additional citations for verification .(July 2022) |
Eight Great Surnames of Chinese Antiquity | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chinese | 上古八大姓 | ||||||
|
The eight great surnames of Chinese antiquity were among the most important Chinese surnames in Chinese antiquity. [1] [2] They are all Chinese ancestral surnames [ citation needed ],and as such,have Chinese clan surnames branching off from them. [3] During the earliest Chinese antiquity,Chinese society focused on women. Family names often passed from women to their children. Because of this phenomenon,these eight surnames have a component of their hanzi representing the character woman (女). [1] [4]
As of 2019,very few people had one of these surnames as a family name. [2] An exception is the surnames Yao [5] [2] and Jiang. [6] [2] Of these,there are some well-known Chinese of modern times with these names today. One example is Yao Ming (姚明). [7]
姞is also sometimes considered one of the eight great surnames of Chinese antiquity. 姞then replaces the surname 妊.
Traditional Chinese | Pinyin | Jyutping |
---|---|---|
姜Jiang | jiāng | goeng1 |
姬Ji | jī | gei1 |
姚Yao | yáo | jiu4 |
嬴Ying | yíng | jing4 |
姒Si | sì | ci5 |
妘Yun | yún | wan4 |
妊Ren (replaced with 姞Ji in some sources) | rèn | jam4 |
媯Gui | guī | gwai1 |
姞Ji (in some sources,replaces 妊Ren ) | jí | gat1 |
Uskhal Khan,also called the Last Lord of Northern Yuan or by his era name the Tianyuan Emperor,born Tögüs Temür,was an emperor of the Northern Yuan dynasty,reigning from 1378 to 1388. He was the last powerful khagan of the Mongols until Dayan Khan.
Yao,also romanized as Yiu in Cantonese,is one of the most ancient Chinese surnames,the "Eight Great Xings of High Antiquity". It is also unique that,along with Jiang 姜it is still in common use in the modern day. It is listed 101st in the Hundred Family Surnames,and as the 51st most common surname in Mainland China.
Walkie Talkie is a Taiwanese female duo musical group.
Yan Ni,born Yan Kaiyan,is a Chinese film and television actress. She works for the Television Art center of the People's Liberation Army Air Force. Li ranked 54th on Forbes China Celebrity 100 list in 2015.
In ancient China,the patriarchal clan system of the Zhou cultural sphere was a primary means of group relations and power stratification prior to the Western Zhou and through the first half of the Eastern Zhou dynasty. This method of social organisation underlay and prefigured the political workings of the Zhou state. The patriarchal system was based on blood relations,with firstborn succession at its core,and played a role in maintaining the Western Zhou political hierarchy and stabilizing social order. Together with the ritual and music system it is seen as having been the foundation of Zhou society.
Yíng is an ancient Chinese surname. It was the noble house name of the Qin state during the Eastern Zhou dynasty,and the royal name of the subsequent Qin dynasty. Yíng Zheng was the first emperor of the unified Chinese empire.
Chen Jianbin is a Chinese actor active in television and film. He is most notable for the portrayal of Cao Cao in the 2010 television series Three Kingdoms;as well as his performance in Decade of Marriage,Qiao's Grand Courtyard and Empresses in the Palace.
Si was a Chinese surname during the Xia Dynasty. According to Records of the Grand Historian,the surname of the Xia Dynasty ruler was Si (姒). In general,the Chinese hold Xia founder Yu the Great (禹) to be a descendant of Emperor Yao (堯). It is one of the traditional description was what were known as the "Eight Great Xings of High Antiquity",along with Jiāng,Jī,Yáo,Yíng,Yún,Guīand Rèn,though some sources quote Jías the last one instead of Rèn. Of these xing,only Jiang and Yao have survived in their original form to modern days as frequently occurring surnames. The Song dynasty-era Hundred Family Surnames poem does not have Si. Although it exists in the modern day,only an estimated 2000 people in Mainland China today share the name.
Lǐ is a Chinese surname. In Mandarin it is pronounced with the dipped third tone of the four tones.
Yao Junsheng is a Chinese professional footballer who currently plays as a left-footed midfielder for Zhejiang Professional.
This is the filmography of Fan Bingbing,a Chinese actress,model,television producer and singer.
Gong Jun,also known as Simon Gong,is a Chinese actor. He gained attention for his role in Lost Love in Times (2017) and gained popularity from Begin Again (2020). His fame heightened when he became widely known for his role as Wen Kexing in Word of Honor (2021). He earned critical acclaim for his portrayal of Crown Prince Han Ye in "The Legend of Anle" (2023).
Jiang is one of the oldest Chinese surnames,being one of the original xing (姓) surnames. It was one of the "Eight Great Xings of High Antiquity",along with Jī(姬),Yáo (姚),Yíng (嬴),Sì(姒),Yún (妘),Guī(媯) and Rèn (妊),though some sources quote Jí(姞) as the last one instead of Rèn. Of these xing,only Jiang and Yao have survived in their original form to modern days as frequently occurring surnames. It is the 32nd surname listed in the Song dynasty-era Hundred Family Surnames poem. It is the 60th most common surname in China (2007),roughly 0.34% of the Han Chinese population. The Lu clan of Fanyang stem from this surname before taking on the Lu (盧) surname. Derivative surnames of Jiang include Zhang,Lü,Qiu,Shen.,These originated:
The debate on the "Chineseness" of the Yuan and Qing dynasties is concerned with whether the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) and the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1636–1912) can be considered "Chinese dynasties",and whether they were representative of "China" during the respective historical periods. The debate,albeit historiographical in nature,has political implications. Mainstream academia and successive governments of China,including the imperial governments of the Yuan and Qing dynasties,have maintained the view that they were "Chinese" and representative of "China". In short,the cause of the controversy stems from the dispute in interpreting the relationship between the two concepts of "Han Chinese" and "China",because although the Chinese government recognizes 56 ethnic groups in China and the Han have a more open view of the Yuan and Qing dynasties since Liang Qichao and other royalist reformers supported the Qing dynasty,the Han are China's main ethnic group. This means that there are many opinions that equate Han Chinese people with China and lead to criticism of the legitimacy of these two dynasties.
Zhizheng (1341–1370) was the third era name of Toghon Temür,Emperor Shun of Yuan,and was also the Yuan dynasty's final era name. The Yuan dynasty used the era name Zhizheng for a total of 30 years. On 23 May 1370,BiligtüKhan,Emperor Zhaozong of Yuan ascended to the throne and continued to use it.
姚明