Eilfried Huth (born 1 December 1930) is an Austrian architect who lives and works in Graz. Huth is best known for participatory housing projects, in which future residents of the housing estates are included in the planning process. [1]
Huth was born in Pangalengan, Indonesia. For three years, Huth attended the National Political Institutes of Education, which was housed in the monastery of Sankt Paul im Lavanttal. He studied at Graz University of Technology from 1950 to 1956. [2] After graduating from the university, he worked for the architect Emmerich Donau until 1962. From 1962 to 1975, Huth and Günther Domenig worked together as a team, with offices in Graz and Munich. From 1971 to 1972, Huth was visiting professor at University of Kassel. From 1985 to 2005, he was Professor at the Berlin University of the Arts.
The first buildings by Huth are typical functionalism of the late 1950s. The respective clients for the school building in Leoben (1956–1958) and the high-rise office building in Zeltweg (1957–1960) came from the mining sector. Until 1968, Huth continued planning further buildings in Leoben and Zeltweg, specializing in steel construction. [3] After a phase of modernist functionalism, Huth turned to structuralism and brutalism. Together with Günther Domenig, he designed buildings with exposed concrete which are among the outstanding examples of brutalism in Austria. Both the Pedagogical Academy Graz and the Oberwart Parish Church were commissioned by the Catholic Church. The Research and Computing Center (FRZ) of the VÖEST Alpine Montangesellschaft in Leoben is considered structuralist architecture. Huth designed the outer shell of the building with weathering steel, a façade material that was new at the time. A much-noticed design from this phase is the visionary and unbuildable Stadt Ragnitz project, [4] in which Huth and Domenig designed a theoretical megastructure similar to projects conceptualized by the Metabolists or Archigram. [5]
At the beginning of the 1970s, Huth and Domenig increasingly designed pop-art-architecture. Their temporary buildings for the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich were colorful and had rounded corners and playful geometries typical of pop art. Their design for a multi-purpose hall at the Institute of the Sisters of St. Francis in Graz-Eggenberg [6] is reminiscent of a tortoise shell and thus characterized as organic architecture. The style of Huth and Domenig combines aspects of all of the aforementioned architectural trends: structuralism, brutalism, metabolism, pop art, and organic architecture. Today, this type of architecture is also known as the Graz School. [7]
Huth's work after 1972 is primarily characterized by participatory planning processes. Huth specialized in the planning of housing estates, in which the future residents were included in the respective planning processes. [8] Examples of these designs include the Gerlitz-Gründe housing estate in Graz-Puntigam, and the Kloepfer estate in Bärnbach. Some of the housing estates were "self-build projects", where residents participated in both the planning and the construction. [9] The style of the housing estates planned by Huth stands in stark contrast to his projects with Domenig. Unlike before, Huth's later projects were based on the aesthetic ideas and preferences of the users. These designs were restrained and downright conservative, instead of aesthetic avant-garde. For example, the houses in the Gerlitz-Gründe housing estate in Graz-Puntigam have cozy mansard roofs.
In the non-participative planned projects of the 1970s and 1980s, Huth continued to design in the style of the Graz School. The ventilation and control buildings of the Plabutsch tunnel in Raach are aesthetically closely related to the multi-purpose hall at the Institute of the Sisters of St. Francis.
Graz is the capital city of the Austrian state of Styria and second-largest city in Austria after Vienna. As of 1 January 2021, it had a population of 331,562. In 2018, the population of the Graz larger urban zone (LUZ) stood at 652,654, based on principal-residence status. Graz is known as a college and university city, with four colleges and four universities. Combined, the city is home to more than 60,000 students. Its historic centre (Altstadt) is one of the best-preserved city centres in Central Europe.
Oberwart is a town in Burgenland in southeast Austria on the banks of the Pinka River, and the capital of the district of the same name. Oberwart is the cultural capital of the small ethnic Hungarian minority in Burgenland, living in the Upper Őrség or Wart microregion.
The Housing & Development Board (HDB) or often referred to as the Housing Board, is a statutory board under the Ministry of National Development responsible for Singapore's public housing. Founded in 1960 as a result of efforts in the late 1950s to set up an authority to take over the Singapore Improvement Trust's (SIT) public housing responsibilities, the HDB focused on the construction of emergency housing and the resettlement of kampong residents into public housing in the first few years of its existence.
Graz University of Technology is one of five universities in Styria, Austria. It was founded in 1811 by Archduke John of Austria and is the oldest science and technology research and educational institute in Austria. It currently comprises seven faculties and is a public university. It offers 19 bachelors and 35 masters study programmes across all technology and natural science disciplines. Doctoral training is organised in 14 English-speaking doctoral schools. The university has more than 13,000 students, and approximately 2,000 students graduate every year. Science study programmes are offered in the framework of NAWI Graz together with the University of Graz.
Ernst Sagebiel was a German architect.
Venice Biennale of Architecture is an international exhibition of architecture from nations around the world, held in Venice, Italy, every other year. It was held on even years until 2018, but 2020 was postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic shifting the calendar to uneven years. It is the architecture section under the overall Venice Biennale and was officially established in 1980, even though architecture had been a part of the Venice Art Biennale since 1968.
Günther Domenig was an Austrian architect.
The Graz International Bilingual School (GIBS) is an Austrian bilingual (English/German) university preparatory semi-independent charter school Gymnasium in Graz, Austria. The school mainly focuses on languages, offering German, English, Russian, Latin, French and Spanish. Students graduate with the Austrian Matura, the IB Diploma or with both, assuming that they meet the criteria necessary.
The Ministry of National Development is a ministry of the Government of Singapore responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies related to the land-use planning and infrastructure development in Singapore.
Structuralism is a movement in architecture and urban planning that evolved around the middle of the 20th century. It was a reaction to Rationalism's (CIAM-Functionalism) perceived lifeless expression of urban planning that ignored the identity of the inhabitants and urban forms.
Berlin Modernism Housing Estates is a World Heritage Site designated in 2008, comprising six separate subsidized housing estates in Berlin. Dating mainly from the years of the Weimar Republic (1919–1933), when the city of Berlin was particularly progressive socially, politically and culturally, they are outstanding examples of the building reform movement that contributed to improving housing and living conditions for people with low incomes through innovative approaches to architecture and urban planning. The estates also provide exceptional examples of new urban and architectural typologies, featuring fresh design solutions, as well as technical and aesthetic innovations.
Szyszkowitz + Kowalski is an Austrian-German architectural design team made up of Karla Kowalski and Michael Szyszkowitz. Their studio in Graz was established in 1978. Szyszkowitz + Kowalski are regarded to be major co-founders of the internationally renowned Grazer Schule. Originating in Graz in the 1970s, this name stands for architectural individualism of an especially creative type. Szyszkowitz + Kowalski put great emphasis on three-dimensional and expressive architectural language with a distinctive reference to landscape and context.
The Association of German Architects is an association of architects founded in 1903 in Germany. It publishes the bimonthly magazine der architekt. The BDA has over 5,000 members. In 1995, it founded the German Architecture Centre DAZ in Berlin.
Nazi architecture is the architecture promoted by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi regime from 1933 until its fall in 1945, connected with urban planning in Nazi Germany. It is characterized by three forms: a stripped neoclassicism, typified by the designs of Albert Speer; a vernacular style that drew inspiration from traditional rural architecture, especially alpine; and a utilitarian style followed for major infrastructure projects and industrial or military complexes. Nazi ideology took a pluralist attitude to architecture; however, Hitler himself believed that form follows function and wrote against "stupid imitations of the past".
Volker Giencke in Wolfsberg is an Austrian architect.
Zdenko Strižić was a Croatian architect, urban planner and teacher.
Marc Kocher is a Swiss architect, known for his residential building designs.
The Staaken Garden City is a housing estate located in the Berlin district of Spandau next to the old village of Staaken. It was built between 1914 and 1917 according to the design of the architect Paul Schmitthenner. It is considered one of the most significant urban development achievements of the early 20th century because of the layout of the streets and squares, the intelligent handling of house types and variations, and especially because of its model effect on the Berlin housing estates of the 1920s. The Staaken Garden City was planned with 1000 apartments and a number of public buildings for 5000 inhabitants. Unlike most other projects of this type, size and construction period, it was completed almost entirely within four years according to the original design.
The Kunstgewerbeschule Düsseldorf was opened on 3 April 1883 and closed at the end of the school year 1918. In 1919, its architectur training was transferred to the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf.
Wolf Dieter Prix is an Austrian architect. In 1968 he co-founded the architects' cooperative Coop Himmelb(l)au, which has an international reputation as an important representative of deconstructivism.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Artists | |
| Other | |
