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Puntland, state of Somalia, conducts its elections through a system of indirect voting. Local elders select delegates who then vote for members of the Parliament, House of representatives of Puntland Unicameral legislature, (Somali : Gollaha Wakiilada Dawladda Puntland), in turn, elects head of state (the president) and (the vice-president). The process aims to involve various clans and ensure representation in the political structure. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
In 1998, leaders in the northeast proclaimed the formation of Puntland. Puntland's president, Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, publicly announced that he did not plan to break away from the remainder of Somalia. However, in July 2001, Ahmed refused to abide by the Constitution and step down from his position. This led to a confrontation with Chief Justice Yusuf Haji Nur, who claimed interim presidential powers pending elections. [3]
In November 2001, traditional elders elected Jama Ali Jama as the new president. Ahmed refused to accept the elders' decision and, in December 2001, seized the administrative capital, Garowe, reportedly with Ethiopian support. Jama fled to Bosasso. By early May 2002, Ahmed had seized Bosasso and controlled Puntland in general. Forces loyal to Jama Ali Jama withdrew from Bosasso without a fight. [3]
Both Ahmed and Jama continued to claim the presidency, and efforts to resolve the conflict persisted until the end of the year. Additionally, a ban on political parties in Puntland remained in place from 1998 to 2010. [3]
On 15 June 2009, the Puntland government passed a new regional draft constitution, representing a significant step toward the eventual introduction of a multi-party political system to the region for the first time. [6]
On 15 April 2012, the Puntland government opened a four-day constitutional convention officially inaugurating the new Constitution of Puntland. Overseen by the Puntland Electoral Commission (PEC), the constitution represented the final step in the extant regional democratization process and was scheduled to be followed by the formation of political parties. [7]
On 12 September 2012, the Puntland Electoral Commission announced that the registration process for political parties in Puntland was now open. This came after the passing of the Political Association Law, the Referendum Act, the District Elections Law and the inauguration of the state constitution. [8] They will also be challengers in the next elections, scheduled for January 2014. [9]
On 14 November 2012, President Farole announced the launching of his new political party, Horseed. The association counts over 200 members and represents the incumbent Puntland government, including Vice President Abdisamad Ali Shire and the state Ministers. It is the first prospective party to register for an application with the Transitional Puntland Electoral Commission (TPEC). According to Farole, the general public will be eligible for membership in the organization once it is selected as an official political party. [10] Five other political associations were established the following month, including the Development and Justice Party Horcad [11] launched by an entrepreneur and businessman Omar Ismail Waberi along other politicians, the Union of the People of the Regions or UPR Somali : Ururka Gobolada Umadaha Bahoobey (UGUB) [12] Midnimo, Talowadaag (Consensus-building), and GAHAYR or Council of Education and Development towards Founding the True Goal (Somali : Golaha Aqoonta iyo Horumarinta ee Asaaska Yoolka Runta). [13]
On early 2013 president Farole declared One man, one vote and passed election election bill through Puntland house of representatives, Government. In Puntland, local council elections scheduled for 15 July were cancelled the preceding day because of growing election-related violence. The decision was welcomed by local communities, opposition parties and the international community. [14] [15] [16]
| Date | Elections | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1 August 1998 | 1998 Puntland presidential election | Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed was elected founding president. |
| 14 November 2001 | 2001 Puntland presidential election | Jama Ali Jama elected by a delegation of traditional leaders, Puntland is not recognized Jama as the second President of Puntland |
| 8 January 2005 | 2005 Puntland presidential election | Mohamud Muse Hersi was elected by House of Representatives of the Puntland, third President of Puntland |
| 8 January 2009 | 2009 Puntland presidential election | Abdirahman Farole elected as the fourth president of Puntland |
| 8 January 2014 | 2014 Puntland presidential election | Abdiweli Gaas fifth president of Puntland |
| 8 January 2019 | 2019 Puntland presidential election | Said Abdullahi Deni sixth president |
| 8 January 2024 | 2024 Puntland presidential election | Said Abdullahi Deni re-elected |
| Date | Elections | Seats | Votes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25 October 2021 | 2021 Puntland municipal elections | Kaah won 35 seats | 9,869 |
| 25 May 2023 | 2023 Puntland municipal elections | Kaah won 286 seats | 68,165 |
Puntland, officially the Puntland State of Somalia, is a Federal Member State in northeastern Somalia. The capital city is the city of Garoowe in the Nugal region, and its leaders declared the territory an autonomous state in 1998. Puntland had a population of 4,334,633 in 2016. Geographically to the west, Puntland lays claim to the intra-46th meridian territories that were outside European colonial rule during parts of the Scramble for Africa period.
Bosaso, historically known as Bender Cassim is a city in the northeastern Bari province (gobol) of Somalia. It is the seat of the Bosaso District. Located on the southern coast of the Gulf of Aden, the municipality serves as the region's commercial capital and is a major seaport within the autonomous Puntland state.
Garowe is the capital city of Puntland located in northeastern Somalia. It serves as the administrative center of the Nugal region and is known for its strategic importance. The city has experienced growth and development, hosting government institutions and providing essential services to its residents. Garowe is situated in a territory with a semi-arid climate, and its economy is influenced by trade, livestock, and agriculture.
During the civilian administration that existed prior to the seizure of power by the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) in 1969, there were a number of local political parties. Most notable of these early institutions was the Somali Youth League, the nation's first political organization. Upon assuming office, the Siad Barre-led SRC outlawed all extant political parties and advocated a form of scientific socialism inspired by Maoist China and the Soviet Union.
Qardho, also known as Gardo, is a city in the northeastern Bari region of Somalia, a district within the autonomous state of Puntland.
Harti, meaning "strong man", is a Somali clan confederation, part of the larger Darod clan. The major sub-clans include the Majeerteen, Warsangeli, Maganlabe,Tiinle, Kabtaanle,Dishiishe and Dhulbahante while the minor sub-clans consist of Kaskiqabe, Geesaguule and Liibaangashe.
Sharif Sheikh Ahmed is a Somali politician who was the 7th President of Somalia from 2009 to 2012.
The following is an index of Somalia-related articles.
Abdirahman Mohamed Mohamoud Farole is a Somali politician. He served for many years in the government, acting as a governor of the Nugal region of Somalia in the 1990s and later as the Minister of Finance of the autonomous Puntland region in the northeast. From 8 January 2009 to 8 January 2014, Farole was also the President of Puntland. Farole's multipronged efforts at creating provisions and collaboration with international polities and organizations resulted in a drastic decrease in piracy along the Marinka Gardafuul.
The Galgala campaign was a military campaign autonomous Puntland region of Somalia, that took place periodically from 8 August until 1 October 2014. It was aimed at re-gaining control of the Galgala hills, which had fallen in hands of al-Qaeda-linked al-Shabaab commander Sheikh Mohamed Said Atom and his militia.
Abdisamad Ali Shire was a Somali politician and military officer who served as the Vice President of Puntland fom January 8, 2009, to January 8, 2014.
Abdiweli Mohamed Ali Gaas, also more known as Abdiweli Gaas, is a Somali American economist and politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Somalia from June 2011 to October 2012, and briefly afterwards as an MP in the newly formed Federal Parliament. During his time as premier, Ali is credited with having devised the formal "Roadmap for the End of Transition", a political process that provided clear benchmarks leading toward the establishment of permanent democratic institutions in the country. On 8 January 2014, he was elected the 5th President of the Puntland.
Horseed is a political party based in Garowe, the administrative capital of the autonomous Puntland state in northeastern Somalia.
The 2014 Puntland presidential election was held on 8 January 2014 in Garowe, the administrative capital of the autonomous Puntland region in northeastern Somalia. The third such vote to be held in the state since its formation in 1998, it followed the election of a new Parliament Speaker and Deputy Speakers on 4 January 2014 by the 66-seat regional legislature. Candidates included officials from the incumbent Puntland administration, former government ministers and prominent local entrepreneurs. The ballot saw the election of former prime minister of Somalia Abdiweli Gaas as the fifth president of Puntland, narrowly defeating the incumbent Abdirahman Farole. Parliament of Puntland concurrently elected Abdihakim Abdullahi Haji Omar as Puntland's new vice president in place of Abdisamad Ali Shire.
Ali Haji Warsame is a Somali entrepreneur, accountant, and politician. He served as the first director of management at the Port of Bosaso, and later as the chief executive officer of Golis Telecom Somalia. In 2014, he was appointed the minister of education of Puntland.
Abdihakim Abdullahi Haji Omar, also known as Abdihakin Abdullahi Omar Amey, is a Somali politician. Former Vice President of Puntland.
Ururka Dadka Puntland is an opposition Puntland political party.
Puntland, ,, officially the Puntland State of Somalia, Arabic: ولاية أرض البنط الصومالية), is a Federal Member State in northeastern Somalia. The Administrative Capital is Garowe in the Nugal region, and its leaders declared the territory an autonomous state in 1998. Geographically to the west, Puntland lays claim to the intra-46th meridian territories that were outside European colonial rule during parts of the Scramble for Africa period.
The 2019 Puntland presidential election was held on 8 January 2019 in Garowe, the administrative capital of the autonomous Puntland state of Somalia. The fourth such vote to be held in the state since its establishment 1998, it followed the election of a new Parliament Speaker and Deputy Speakers on January 04, 2019 by the 66-seat bicameral legislature. Candidates included officials from the incumbent Puntland administration, former government ministers and prominent local entrepreneurs. The ballot saw the election of former somali minister of planning Said Abdullahi Deni as the sixth president of Puntland, narrowly defeating General Asad Osman Abdullahi. Parliament of Puntland concurrently elected Ahmed Elmi Osman as Puntland's new vice president in place of Abdihakim Abdullahi Haji Omar.
The 2005 Puntland presidential election was held on 8 January 2005 in Garowe, the administrative capital of the autonomous Puntland state of Somalia. The first such vote to be held in the state since its establishment 1998, it followed the election of a new Parliament Speaker and Deputy Speakers on January 04, 2005 by the 66-seat unicameral legislature. Candidates included officials from the incumbent Puntland administration, former government ministers and prominent local entrepreneurs. The ballot saw the election of Military leader General Adde Muse as the third president of Puntland, narrowly defeating Mohamed Abdi Hashi. Parliament of Puntland concurrently elected Hassan Dahir Afqurac as Puntland's new vice president in place of Mohamed Ali Yusuf.
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