Elgin Historic District | |
World War I memorial in Davidson Park, at the corner of Villa and Prairie Streets. | |
Location | Roughly bounded by Villa, Center, Park, N. Liberty, and S. Channing Sts., Elgin, Illinois |
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Coordinates | 42°2′11″N88°16′28″W / 42.03639°N 88.27444°W Coordinates: 42°2′11″N88°16′28″W / 42.03639°N 88.27444°W |
Area | 206 acres (83 ha) |
Architectural style | Greek Revival, Gothic Revival |
NRHP reference No. | 83000318 [1] |
Added to NRHP | May 9, 1983 |
The Elgin Historic District is a set of 697 buildings in Elgin, Illinois. Of these, 429 contribute to the district's historical integrity. The district is the oldest portion of the city, and contains mostly residences and churches. Other buildings in the district include an art museum, a masonic temple, and the Elgin Academy. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, the district also contains three properties that were already individually listed: the academy (listed in 1976), the First Universalist Church (listed 1980), and Gifford-Davidson House (listed 1980). [1]
The first settlers arrived in Elgin, Illinois in April 1835. James Talcott Gifford built his cabin on what is now a triangular park between Fulton, Villa, and Geneva Streets. A dam was constructed two years later, and the first plat of Elgin was recorded in August 1842. Gifford marked a road from Elgin east to Meacham's Grove, and west to Belvidere. Roads from those towns connected to Chicago and Galena, respectively. This Galena-Chicago trail became an important early stagecoach line. The first Elgin school, on the northeast corner of DuPage and Chapel Streets, began classes in 1847. Gifford built a second home on Prairie Street in 1850. This cobblestone house resembles houses in his home state of New York and resembles the Second Empire style. It is independently listed on the NRHP. [2]
In 1850, Elgin was connected to the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, enabling the city to export freight. Elgin became a major supplier of dairy products to Chicago. The Elgin Academy, independently listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), was completed in 1856. Gail Borden, Jr., the inventor of condensed milk, opened the world's largest condensed milk factory in the world in the 1860s. Elgin's first bank, the First National Bank of Elgin, was founded in 1865. The Elgin Board of Trade opened in 1872 and was tasked with setting the national price of butter. A second major industry arrived in Elgin in 1867 with the opening of the Elgin National Watch Company. The company became the nation's largest producer of pocket watches and employed 2,700 of the city's 17,823 residents in 1890. Company superintendent George Hunter planned the First Universalist Church with his nephew. The church is listed independently on the NRHP, and attracted speakers such as Lincoln Steffens, Norman Thomas, and Samuel Porter Jones. [2]
The D. C. Cook Publishing Company, the nation's largest interdenominational publishing house, moved from Chicago to Elgin, providing a further stimulus of jobs. An influx of German immigrants led to the construction of a German Evangelical church in 1892, built on Center Street in the Richardsonian Romanesque style. The freemasons constructed a 2,500-seat stone temple on Chicago Street in 1924. Also that year, the Laura Davidson Sears Academy of Fine Arts opened on Academy Place. Housing works of art by John Singleton Copley, George Inness, Benjamin West, John James Audubon, and other American artists, the museum was dedicated by Albert Rosenthal and Lorado Taft. The historic district was added to the NRHP on May 9, 1983. [2]
Elgin is a city in Cook and Kane counties in the northern part of the U.S. state of Illinois. Located roughly 35 mi (56 km) northwest of Chicago, it lies along the Fox River. As of 2019, the city had an estimated population of 110,849, making it the eighth-largest city in Illinois.
Elgin Academy is an independent, coeducational, college-preparatory school in Elgin, Illinois, United States. Elgin Academy is notable for many accomplishments, such as their Scholastic Bowl and WYSE teams.
The Provincetown Historic District encompasses most of the dense urban center of Provincetown, Massachusetts. The district is roughly bounded to the north by U.S. Route 6; to the west by the west end of Commercial St.; to the south by Provincetown Harbor; and to the east by the southeast end of Commercial St. It covers about 300 acres (120 ha), and includes more than 1,000 buildings. Its historic character spans more than 200 years of settlement, from the city's early years as a fishing community, to its development as a summer resort area and artists' colony beginning in the late 19th century. The district was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. Four properties in the district are also individually listed.
As of 2007 there are five church buildings in the Sycamore Historic District, located in Sycamore, Illinois, United States which are listed as contributing properties to the district. The Sycamore Historic District was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places on May 2, 1978. When it was nominated to join the National Register there were seven church buildings within the district. One of those included is a residential structure that was utilized as a church when it was first constructed; the Arthur Stark House was once home to the Sycamore Universalist Church congregation. In the time since its listing, two churches have been destroyed or demolished. The Evangelical Church of St. John was destroyed by fire in 2004 and the United Methodist Church in Sycamore is no longer extant, replaced by a modern office building.
First Universalist Church or First Universalist Chapel may refer to:
The Galena Historic District is a historic district located in the city of Galena, Illinois, USA. The historic district encompasses 85 percent of the city of Galena and includes more than 800 properties. The downtown area consists of three successive tiers made up of Main, Bench and Prospect Streets. Within the boundaries of the district are such notable homes as the Ulysses S. Grant Home and the Elihu B. Washburne House. The Galena Historic District was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1969.
Wing Park Golf Course in Elgin, Illinois is the "oldest and best preserved nine-hole municipal golf course in Illinois." The course was constructed during a golf course boom in the Chicago area during first few years of the 1900s. The course was named after William H. Wing, who donated the land for a park in 1902. When the Elgin and Belvidere Electric Company was built only a few blocks away, Elgin developed the southern portion of the property to a golf course. The course was developed by Tom Bendelow, a prolific designer who laid out over six hundred golf courses. Wing Park Golf Course opened on September 5, 1908 and has been in continuous operation since. The Wing Park Golf Club was organized in 1912 to help manage the property. The course was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.
The Galena–Chicago trail was a stagecoach route located in northern Illinois that ran from the mid-to-late 1830s until 1854. As indicated by its name, the route linked Chicago, located in the northeast of the state, with Galena which was located in the lead mining district of the northwest. The Chicago-Galena trail includes the "Stagecoach Trail" that runs between Galena and Lena, Illinois. East of Lena the stage route follows U.S. Route 20 and Business U.S. Route 20 through Eleroy, Freeport and Rockford to Belvidere. This road began as the old State Road number 2 established on 15 January 1836 and laid out by June 1837.
Barnett, Haynes & Barnett was a prominent architectural firm based in St. Louis, Missouri. Their credits include many familiar St. Louis landmarks, especially a number related to the local Catholic church. Their best-known building is probably the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis. A number of the firm's works are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.
The Dundee Township Historic District is a set of sixty-five buildings in Dundee Township, Kane County Illinois. Buildings in the district are found in East Dundee, West Dundee, and Carpentersville. The district represents the development of the upper Fox River Valley from 1870 to the 1920s. Dundee Township became an important industrial area, especially following the construction of the Dundee Brick Company in West Dundee and the Illinois Iron and Bolt Company in Carpentersville. Also included in the district are a variety of Queen Anne, Italianate, and Greek Revival style houses and Gothic Revival churches. The majority of the historic district lies within the boundaries of West Dundee. It was added to the National Register of Historical Places in 1975.
The Spring–Douglas Historic District is a set of 496 buildings in Elgin, Illinois. Of those, 455 buildings contribute to the district's historical value. It is a residential district following Spring Street and Douglas Avenue from Kimball Street in the south to River Bluff Road to the north. The lands that now comprise the district were originally settled by Phineas J. Kimball and Vincent Lovell in the 1830s. Kimball's property eventually became the southern part of the district, which mostly housed working-class citizens. Lovell's subdivisions became housing for wealthier managers and doctors. The lower district is noted for its vernacular architecture, mostly gablefront houses, while the upper district represents a wide array of late 19th and early 20th century styles, mostly Queen Anne.
The First Universalist Church in Elgin, Illinois was built in 1892. It was designed by George Hunter to resemble a pocket watch in Richardsonian Romanesque style. The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It was subsequently included as a contributing property in the Elgin Historic District.
The Gifford–Davidson House, also known as Stone Cottage, in Elgin, Illinois was built in 1850 and expanded in 1871. The Gifford–Davidson House is unusual due to its cobblestone construction and Second Empire style details. This design would have been more typical in James Gifford's original home of New York City. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1980. Also, it is a contributing property in the Elgin Historic District, which was listed on the NRHP in 1983.
The Metro South Historic District encompasses a portion of the downtown area of Middletown, Connecticut. Extending south from Main and College Streets for two blocks, this area was developed in the 19th century, and contains a diversity of well-preserved architecture from that period, some with association to locally important individuals. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
John Crombie Cochrane (1835–1887) was a prominent architect in the 19th century practicing in Chicago, Illinois. He formed Cochrane and Garnsey with George O. Garnsey.
Hyde Park–Kenwood Historic District is the name of the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) district on the South Side of Chicago that includes parts of the Hyde Park and Kenwood community areas of Chicago, Illinois. The northern part of this district overlaps with the officially designated Chicago Landmark Kenwood District. This northern part of the Hyde Park–Kenwood Historic District contains the Chicago home of Barack Obama. The entire district was added to the NRHP on February 14, 1979 and expanded on August 16, 1984 and May 16, 1986. The district is bounded to the north, south, east and west, respectively by 47th Street, 59th Street, Lake Park Avenue and Cottage Groves Avenue. Despite the large amount of property associated with the University of Chicago, the Hyde Park–Kenwood Historic District is mostly residential. The district is considered to be significant for its architecture and education.
The Mesker Brothers Iron Works and George L. Mesker & Co. were competing manufacturers and designers of ornamental sheet-metal facades and cast iron storefront components from the 1880s through the mid-twentieth century. The Mesker Brothers Iron Works was based in St. Louis, Missouri, and was operated by brothers Bernard and Frank Mesker. The George L. Mesker Company was operated by a third brother, George L. Mesker, and was based in Evansville, Indiana. The Mesker brothers were the sons of John Mesker who operated a stove business in Evansville and later galvanized iron for buildings. The three brothers learned their iron-working skills from their father.
The Belvidere South State Street Historic District is a historic district on the north side of the Kishwaukee River in Belvidere, Illinois. It is primarily composed of commercial building representative of architectural trends from 1852 to 1962, the period following the connection of the city to the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad.
Law, Law & Potter was an architect firm in Madison, Wisconsin; Potter Lawson, Inc. is its modern-day successor. Some of its buildings are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places for their architecture. The firm was Madison's largest and "arguably most important" architectural firms in the 1920s and 1930s.
George Awsumb was a prominent Norwegian-American architect in the first half of the 20th Century. Awsumb defined architecture as “frozen music” designed for the “man on the street.” He was influenced by his early life, European travels, and prevailing architectural trends of his time. His eclectic, progressive portfolio included neoclassical, Gothic Revival, Prairie School, and International Style designs. Several buildings that Awsumb designed have been in continuous use in the American Midwest and South for over 100 years. In particular, Awsumb began a family architectural legacy that contributed to the progress and development of Memphis, Tennessee.
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