Elizabeth Weed | |
---|---|
Born | 1940 (age 82–83) |
Alma mater | Drew University Brown University |
Occupation(s) | Scholar Editor University administrator |
Known for | differences |
Title | Director, Pembroke Center for Teaching and Research on Women |
Term | 2000–2010 |
Elizabeth Weed (born 1940) is an American feminist scholar, editor and university administrator. She is the cofounder and, from 2000 to 2010, director of the Pembroke Center for Teaching and Research on Women, as well as the feminist studies journal differences , cofounded in 1989 with Naomi Schor.
Elizabeth Weed was born in 1940 in Morris Plains, New Jersey, to Marguerite and Edgar Weed. [1] She studied French literature at Drew University, graduating in 1962, and then went to Brown University for her master's (1966) and doctorate (1973) in French Studies. [1]
From 1973 to 1977, Weed was an assistant professor at Wheaton College, and then returned to Brown as director of the Sarah Doyle Women's Center, [1] a position she held from 1977 to 1981. [2] In 1981, [3] she was a cofounder of the Pembroke Center for Teaching and Research on Women, where she eventually became director (2000 to 2010). [2] Discussing the founding of the Pembroke Center and its impact on her own intellectual trajectory, the founding director, historian Joan Wallach Scott, said Weed's dexterity with theory was an important corrective to Scott's historical training: "I continue to think of Elizabeth Weed as my mentor. Her training is in literature. She is one of the most theoretically sophisticated people I know, and she is very good at pointing out the theoretical implications of what you are doing. She is the person I always go to for advice and for critical reading." [4]
As of 2014, Weed was retired from teaching. [3]
In 1989, Weed cofounded differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies with Naomi Schor. [5] [6] She published several edited collections that grew out of special editions of the journal, often collaborating with Schor until Schor's death in 2001. Their 1994 collection More Gender Trouble: Feminism Meets Queer Theory [7] [8] [9] collected essays by scholars in dialogue with one another across the two domains but within the book: in it "Judith Butler refers to the work of Biddy Martin; Martin refers to Gayle Rubin's writings; Butler interviews Rubin; Trevor Hope and Rosi Braidotti engage in a three-article conversation with one another based on Hope's critique of an earlier piece of Braidotti's writing; and Elizabeth Grosz and Teresa de Lauretis engage in a similar discussion of Grosz's review/commentary on de Lauretis' [recent work].” [10] In the journal Atlantis, Valda Leighteizer said it might be a “tough slog” for those not already versed in the conversation the collection extends, but “For those who are excited by discussion, who enjoy a passionate roll around with semantics and semiotics, the text is marvelous - a furthering - an adventure in discourse!” [10]
In 2011, with Judith Butler, Weed published an edited collection (also originally a special issues of differences) on the 25th anniversary of Joan Wallach Scott's essay, “Gender: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis”. [11] Reviews found the collection offered “fresh analyses of the state of gender studies and the dynamic theories of ‘sexual difference’ as proposed, tested and critiqued by Joan Scott.” [12] [13] Writing in Comparative Literature Studies , Geoffrey Berne highlights the collection’s discussions of how Scott’s "scholarship relates to the impasse of history/literature", [14] while Stephanie Clare's review for Symposium notes its engagement with Scott's recurrent questions of the historical contingency of gender as well as the paradox that gender may be constructed but feminism's claims rely on a stable conception of gender. [15]
While at Brown Weed met Christina Crosby, a graduate student in the late '70s and early '80s, who became Weed's partner for 17 years. [16]
Feminist literary criticism is literary criticism informed by feminist theory, or more broadly, by the politics of feminism. It uses the principles and ideology of feminism to critique the language of literature. This school of thought seeks to analyze and describe the ways in which literature portrays the narrative of male domination by exploring the economic, social, political, and psychological forces embedded within literature. This way of thinking and criticizing works can be said to have changed the way literary texts are viewed and studied, as well as changing and expanding the canon of what is commonly taught. It is used a lot in Greek myths.
Gender studies is an interdisciplinary academic field devoted to analysing gender identity and gendered representation. Gender studies originated in the field of women's studies, concerning women, feminism, gender, and politics. The field now overlaps with queer studies and men's studies. Its rise to prominence, especially in Western universities after 1990, coincided with the rise of deconstruction.
Queer theory is the perspective that questions the perception that cisgender and heterosexual identities are in any sense 'standard.' It revisits such fields as literary analysis, philosophy, and politics with a 'queer' approach.
Feminist geography is a sub-discipline of human geography that applies the theories, methods, and critiques of feminism to the study of the human environment, society, and geographical space. Feminist geography emerged in the 1970s, when members of the women's movement called on academia to include women as both producers and subjects of academic work. Feminist geographers aim to incorporate positions of race, class, ability, and sexuality into the study of geography. The discipline has been subject to several controversies.
Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity is a book by the philosopher Judith Butler in which the author argues that gender is performative, meaning that it is maintained, created or perpetuated by iterative repetitions when speaking and interacting with each other.
Victim feminism is a term that has been used by some conservative postfeminist writers such as Katie Roiphe and Naomi Wolf to critique forms of feminist activism which they see as reinforcing the idea that women are weak or lacking in agency.
Postmodern feminism is a mix of post-structuralism, postmodernism, and French feminism. The goal of postmodern feminism is to destabilize the patriarchal norms entrenched in society that have led to gender inequality. Postmodern feminists seek to accomplish this goal through rejecting essentialism, philosophy, and universal truths in favor of embracing the differences that exist amongst women to demonstrate that not all women are the same. These ideologies are rejected by postmodern feminists because they believe if a universal truth is applied to all women of society, it minimizes individual experience, hence they warn women to be aware of ideas displayed as the norm in society since it may stem from masculine notions of how women should be portrayed.
Feminist sociology is an interdisciplinary exploration of gender and power throughout society. Here, it uses conflict theory and theoretical perspectives to observe gender in its relation to power, both at the level of face-to-face interaction and reflexivity within social structures at large. Focuses include sexual orientation, race, economic status, and nationality.
Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society is a peer-reviewed feminist academic journal. It was established in 1975 by Jean W. Sacks, Head of the Journals Division, with Catharine R. Stimpson as its first editor in Chief, and is published quarterly by the University of Chicago Press. Signs publishes essays examining the lives of women, men, and non-binary people around the globe from both historical and contemporary perspectives, as well as theoretical and critical articles addressing processes of gendering, sexualization, and racialization.
Joan Wallach Scott is an American historian of France with contributions in gender history. She is a professor emerita in the School of Social Science in the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. Scott is known for her work in feminist history and gender theory, engaging post-structural theory on these topics. Geographically, her work focuses primarily on France, and thematically she deals with how power works, the relation between language and experience, and the role and practice of historians. Her work grapples with theory's application to historical and current events, focusing on how terms are defined and how positions and identities are articulated.
Sheila Jeffreys is a former professor of political science at the University of Melbourne, born in England. A lesbian feminist scholar, she analyses the history and politics of human sexuality.
Feminism is a broad term given to works of those scholars who have sought to bring gender concerns into the academic study of international politics and who have used feminist theory and sometimes queer theory to better understand global politics and international relations as a whole.
African feminism includes theories and movements which specifically address the experiences and needs of continental African women. From a western perspective, these theories and movements fall under the umbrella label of Feminism, but it is important to note that many branches of African "feminism" actually resist this categorization. African women have been engaged in gender struggle since long before the existence of the western-inspired label "African feminism," and this history is often neglected. Despite this caveat, this page will use the term feminism with regard to African theories and movements in order to fit into a relevant network of existing Wikipedia pages on global feminism. Because Africa is not a monolith, no single feminist theory or movement reflects the entire range of experiences African women have. African feminist theories are sometimes aligned, in dialogue, or in conflict with Black Feminism or African womanism. This page covers general principles of African feminism, several distinct theories, and a few examples of feminist movements and theories in various African countries.
The Pembroke Center for Teaching and Research on Women was established in 1981 at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, as an interdisciplinary research center focused on gender and women. In addition to research, the center is home to archives of feminist theory and women's history as well as Brown's undergraduate Gender and Sexuality Studies concentration. Postcolonial theorist Leela Gandhi, is the Center's director, having assumed the position in July 2021.
Mira Schor is an American artist, writer, editor, and educator, known for her contributions to critical discourse on the status of painting in contemporary art and culture as well as to feminist art history and criticism.
Naomi Schor was an American literary critic and theorist. A pioneer of feminist theory for her generation, she is regarded as one of the foremost scholars of French literature and critical theory of her time. Naomi's younger sister is the artist and writer Mira Schor.
Gender essentialism is a theory which attributes distinct, intrinsic qualities to women and men. Based in essentialism, it holds that there are certain universal, innate, biologically based features of gender that are at the root of many of the group differences observed in the behavior of men and women. In Western civilization, it is suggested in writings going back to ancient Greece. With the advent of Christianity, the earlier Greek model was expressed in theological discussions as the doctrine that there are two distinct sexes, male and female, created by God, and that individuals are immutably one or the other. This view remained largely unchanged until the middle of the 19th century. This changed the locus of the origin of the essential differences from religion to biology, in Sandra Bem's words, "from God's grand creation [to] its scientific equivalent: evolution's grand creation," but the belief in an immutable origin had not changed.
Sara Ahmed is a British-Australian writer and scholar whose area of study includes the intersection of feminist theory, lesbian feminism, queer theory, affect theory, critical race theory and postcolonialism. Her seminal work, The Cultural Politics of Emotion, in which she explores the social dimension and circulation of emotions, is recognized as a foundational text in the nascent field of affect theory.
Differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies is a peer-reviewed academic journal that was established in 1989 by Naomi Schor and Elizabeth Weed. It covers research in cultural studies. As of 2021, the editors-in-chief are Elizabeth Weed and Ellen Rooney. The journal, though autonomous, is housed by the Pembroke Center for Teaching and Research on Women. It was originally published by Indiana University Press, but since 2003 it has been published by Duke University Press.
Elizabeth Meese was an American academic who specialized in feminist theory. She was a professor at the University of Alabama, in the English Department, which named an award for her, the "Elizabeth Meese Memorial Award in Feminist Theory".