| Enterographa serusiauxii | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Arthoniomycetes |
| Order: | Arthoniales |
| Family: | Roccellaceae |
| Genus: | Enterographa |
| Species: | E. serusiauxii |
| Binomial name | |
| Enterographa serusiauxii Lebreton & Aptroot (2020) | |
Enterographa serusiauxii is a species of leaf-dwelling lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It is found in Guadeloupe.
The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2020 by Elise Lebreton and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected in the Littoral de Robin municipality of Trois Rivières, Guadeloupe. Here it was found growing on living leaves of Garcinia humilis in a coastal forest. The species had been found decades ago by Father Casimir Le Gallo, who collected many leaf-dwelling lichens that he sent to the National Museum of Natural History, but it was not published and not documented again until its recollection in 2019. The specific epithet honours Belgian lichenologist Emmanuël Sérusiaux, who the authors noted for his "profound interest in foliicolous lichens and in the lichen flora of Guadeloupe". [1]
The lichen has a crustose, pale-cream to off-white thallus that is verrucose (covered with tiny warts). The thallus is up to 0.9 centimetres (0.35 in) in diameter and about 0.1 mm thick. The photobiont partner is a green alga of genus Trentepohlia . The apothecia of the lichen are oval to irregularly slit-shaped, and immersed in the thallus. The ascospores number eight per ascus, and are hyaline, 7 to 9-septate, and typically measure 27–29 by 2.5–3.5 μm. The medulla of Enterographa serusiauxii contains gyrophoric acid, resulting in a positive C+ red chemical spot test. [1]
The lichen is known only from Guadeloupe, where it grows on the living leaves of both Garcinia humilis and Calophyllum calaba near the coast. [1]
Enterographa is a genus of lichens in the family Roccellaceae.
Emmanuël Sérusiaux is a Belgian lichenologist. His career, spanning more than four decades, has combined both lichenology research and political aspects of nature conservation. He spent several periods working as a researcher at the National Fund for Scientific Research and the University of Liège, the latter in which he accepted a faculty position as professor and head of the Plant Taxonomy and Conservation Biology unit. Sérusiaux also served for three non-consecutive appointments as Deputy Chief of Staff in the Government of Wallonia. He retired from both his academic and political positions in 2019.
Pseudopyrenula serusiauxii is a species of lichen-forming fungus in the family Trypetheliaceae. It is found in Papua New Guinea. The lichen appears as a greenish discolouration on the trunks of Macaranga trees.
Arthotheliopsis serusiauxii is a species of leaf-dwelling lichen in the family Gomphillaceae. It was first formally described as a new species in 1997 by Robert Lücking, as a member of genus Echinoplaca. The type specimen was collected in Costa Rica, growing on the leaves of a dicotyledon. The specific epithet honours Belgian lichenologist Emmanuël Sérusiaux. In 2005, Lücking, Sérusiaux, and Antonín Vězda transferred it to genus Arthotheliopsis after a molecular analysis of the Gomphillaceae helped to clarify the phylogenetic relationships in the family.
Lepra lichexanthonorstictica is a species of crustose and corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Pertusariaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2021 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by Aptroot from the summit area of Quiriri (Garuva), at an altitude of 1,350 m (4,430 ft); here it was found growing on the bark of a pine tree. The lichen is named after its two major secondary compounds, lichexanthone and norstictic acid. Lepra lichexanthonorstictica has a thin, smooth and glossy thallus ranging in colour from white to very pale yellowish. The thallus has discrete, rounded soralia measuring about 0.5–0.9 mm in diameter.
Enterographa lichexanthonica is a species of crustose and corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Roccellaceae. Found in the Brazilian Amazon, it was formally introduced as a new species in 2017 by lichenologists Marcela Eugenia Cáceres and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by the authors from the Adolfo Ducke Forest Reserve, along trails near a field station; here, it was found growing on tree bark in a old-growth rainforest. The lichen has a thin, dull, pale greenish thallus surrounded by a thin black prothallus. Its ascospores are hyaline, have seven septa, and measure 21–27 by 5–6 μm; they have a 1 μm-thick gelatinous sheath surrounding them. The specific epithet lichexanthonica refers to lichexanthone, a secondary chemical that occurs in the cortex of the lichen. This compound causes the lichen to fluoresce yellow when a UV light is shone upon it. Enterographa lichexanthonica is morphologically similar to E. kalbii, but this latter species has lichexanthone only on the ascomata, not on the thallus.
Mazosia lueckingii is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling) lichen in the family Roccellaceae. Found in India, it was formally described as a new species in 2008 by Krishna Pal Singh and Athokpam Pinokiyo. The type specimen was collected by the first author in the Darjeeling district at an altitude of 1,200 m (3,900 ft), where it was found growing on dicotyledon leaves. The lichen has a verrucose (warty) thallus with brown, hairless verrucae, a black hypothallus, and ascospores that measure 34–45 by 4–7 μm with 4 or five septa. The specific epithet lueckingii honours German-born lichenologist Robert Lücking, who, according to the authors, "has made remarkable contributions to the taxonomy and ecology of foliicolous lichens".
Sporopodium awasthianum is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling) lichen in the family Roccellaceae. Found in India, it was formally described as a new species in 2008 by Krishna Pal Singh and Athokpam Pinokiyo. The type specimen was collected by the first author in the Tengapani Reserve Forest at an altitude of 250 m (820 ft), where it was found growing on dicotyledon leaves. The lichen has a finely verrucose (warty) thallus with whitish-pale to greyish green or brownish verrucae, a white hypothallus, and colourless, muriform (chambered) ascospores that measure 50–85 by 15–20 μm. The specific epithet awasthianum honours Indian lichenologist Dharani Dhar Awasthi, who, according to the authors, "has made valuable contributions to Indian lichenology, and who is still continuing his efforts towards the development of lichenology in India".
Fuscidea multispora is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Fuscideaceae. Found in Bolivia, it is known to occur only in a single high-altitude locality in a national park, where it grows on the leaves of coniferous trees from the genus Podocarpus.
Phylloblastia bielczykiae is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling) lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. Found in Bolivia, it was formally described as a new species in 2008 by lichenologists Adam Flakus and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected near lake Copaiba ; there, in an isolated island of lowland Amazon rainforest along a savanna, it was found growing on the leaves of a vascular plant. It is only known from the type locality. The species epithet honours the Polish lichenologist Urszula Bielczyk.
Phylloblastia fortuita is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling) lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. Found in Western Europe and North America, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Esteve Llop and Antonio Gómez-Bolea. The type specimen was collected from Sant Medir at an altitude of 220 m (720 ft), where it was found growing on the leaves of Ilex aquifolium. The lichen, originally documented as occurring in the Mediterranean climate of the Iberian Peninsula, was reported from Marin County, California, in 2016. Other plants from which it has been documented include Buxus sempervirens, Hedera helix, Quercus ilex, and, in North America, Sequoia sempervirens.
Phylloblastia inexpectata is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling) lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. Found in Europe, it was formally described by lichenologists Emmanuël Sérusiaux, Brian John Coppins, and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected by the second author in Dunskey Glen Woods, where it was found growing on the leaves of a Prunus laurocerasus tree growing near a stream. It has also been collected in England, southern Italy, Madeira, and Spain.
Phylloblastia verheyeniana is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling) lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. Found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, it was formally described as a new species in 2014 by Dries Van den Broeck, Robert Lücking, and Damien Ertz. The type specimen was collected by the first author at the Lomami River at an altitude of 487 m (1,598 ft). It is only known to occur in the Congo Basin, where it grows on the leaves of understory plants and shrubs. The species epithet honours Museum of Natural Sciences of Belgium zoologist Erik Verheyen.
Astrothelium septemseptatum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Formally described as a new species in 2016 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot, it is found in Guyana and Venezuela, where it grows on trees in savanna and rainforest. The type specimen was collected by Harrie Sipman about 3 km (1.9 mi) south of Kuyuwini Landing at an altitude of 230 m (750 ft); there, it was found growing on smooth tree bark. The lichen has a smooth and somewhat shiny, pale yellowish-grey thallus with a cortex and a thin black prothallus line. It covers areas of up to 9 cm (3.5 in) in diameter. The presence of the lichen does not induce the formation of galls in its host plant. Both the thallus and the pseudostroma contain lichexanthone, a lichen product that causes these structures to fluoresce yellow when lit with a long-wavelength UV light. The combination of characteristics of the lichen that distinguish it from others in Astrothelium are the presence of lichexanthone in thallus and ascomata, and the ascospores, which are divided by from 7 to 9 septa and have dimensions of 50–55 by 12–17 μm.
Astrothelium perspersum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Gabon, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by lichenologists André Aptroot and Damien Ertz. It is one of the few Trypetheliaceae species known only from Africa. The type specimen was collected by the second author between the villages of Massaha and Batouala ; there, it was found in a rainforest growing on smooth tree bark. The lichen has a smooth and somewhat shiny, pale greenish-grey thallus with a cortex and a thin black prothallus line. It covers areas of up to 4 cm (1.6 in) in diameter. The presence of the lichen does not induce the formation of galls in the host plant. No lichen products were detected from collected specimens using thin-layer chromatography. The combination of characteristics of the lichen that distinguish it from others in Astrothelium are the dimensions of its ascospores ; and the arrangement and form of its ascomata—from irregular groups to pseudostromatic, with the pseudostromata erumpent, and white. Astrothelium perspersum is somewhat similar to A. scoria, but has larger ascospores than that species.
Astrothelium philippinense is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in the Philippines, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by lichenologists André Aptroot and Felix Schumm. The type specimen was collected from Mount Talinis at an altitude between 1,100 and 1,600 m ; there, it was found in a rainforest growing on smooth tree bark. The lichen has a smooth and shiny, pale ochraceous-green thallus with a cortex and a thin brown to black prothallus line. It covers areas of up to 7 cm (2.8 in) in diameter. The presence of the lichen induces galls in the host plant, leading to the formation of numerous wart-like structures about 1–2 mm wide. No lichen products were detected in collected samples of the lichen using thin-layer chromatography. The combination of characteristics of the lichen that distinguish it from others in Astrothelium are the bullate, gall-like thallus; and the ascomata that are immersed in large thallus verrucae that are covered by thallus. The ascospores of A. philippinense number four per ascus. They are hyaline, ellipsoid, and muriform, with dimensions of 125–170 by 30–35 μm.
Astrothelium pseudannulare is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Ecuador, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Dutch lichenologists André Aptroot and Javier Etayo. The type specimen was collected from the Podocarpus National Park at an altitude of 3,000 m (9,800 ft); there, it was found in a montane forest growing on smooth tree bark. The lichen has a smooth and shiny, olive-green thallus comprising patches of cortex that break through the host bark, covering areas about 1.0 to 3.5 mm in diameter. No lichen products were detected from collected samples of the lichen using thin-layer chromatography. The combination of characteristics of the lichen that distinguish it from others in Astrothelium are the rough thallus; the distribution of the ascomata, which ranges from solitary to irregularly confluent; and the form of the ascomata, which ranges from prominent to sessile. The ascospores are hyaline, spindle-shaped (fusiform), and have three septa; they measure 62–80 by 20–25 μm. The species epithet pseudannulare alludes to its resemblance to Astrothelium annulare, another species with large 3-septate spores.
Astrothelium pseudoferrugineum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Indonesia, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected in 1937 by Pieter Groenhart on Jombang (Java); there, it was found in a disturbed rainforest growing on smooth tree bark. The lichen has a smooth and somewhat shiny to glossy, bright orange thallus with a cortex but without a prothallus. The orange crust is about 0.1 mm thick and covers areas of up to 3 cm (1.2 in) in diameter. The use of thin-layer chromatography shows the lichen contains an orange anthraquinone, possibly parietin. The main characteristics of the lichen that distinguish it from others in Astrothelium are its immersed to erumpent, whitish pseudostromata. It is named for its similarity to Astrothelium ferrugineum, from which it differs in its glossier thallus and larger ascospores.
Astrothelium megochroleucum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in El Salvador, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by Harrie Sipman in the El Imposible National Park (Ahuachapán) at an altitude of 1,300 m (4,300 ft); there, it was found in a coffee plantation growing on the smooth tree bark of Leucaena trichandra.
Astrothelium flavoduplex is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by lichenologists André Aptroot and Marcela Cáceres. The type specimen was collected by the authors in the Parque Natural Municipal de Porto Velho, where it was found growing on a twig in a low-altitude primary rainforest. The lichen has a smooth and somewhat shiny, olive-green thallus with a black prothallus line and covers areas of up to 8 cm (3.1 in) in diameter. The ascomata are more or less spherical and typically occur in groups of around 7 to 50, usually immersed in the bark tissue as pseudostromata. The thallus contains lichexanthone, a lichen product that causes the thallus surface to fluoresce yellow when lit with a long-wavelength UV light. The use of thin-layer chromatography on collected samples revealed the presence of an anthraquinone compound, possibly parietin. Astrothelium mesoduplex is similar in appearance, but that species lacks lichexanthone, and has shorter ascospores.