Individual dressage at the Games of the XI Olympiad | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Venue | May Field | ||||||||||||
Date | 12–13 August | ||||||||||||
Competitors | 29 from 11 nations | ||||||||||||
Medalists | |||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Equestrian events at the 1936 Summer Olympics | ||
---|---|---|
Dressage | individual | team |
Eventing | individual | team |
Jumping | individual | team |
The individual dressage event in equestrian at the 1936 Summer Olympics was held at the May Field in Berlin, Germany, from 12 to 13 August. A total of 29 riders from 11 nations competed in the event.
German riders dominated the competition, securing the top two spots. Heinz Pollay won the gold medal, while his compatriot Friedrich Gerhard claimed silver. The bronze medal went to Alois Podhajsky of Austria. [1]
The team and individual dressage competitions at the 1936 Summer Olympics used the same results. Riders were required to perform a test from memory within a 17-minute time limit, with a penalty of half a point for every second over the limit. [2] The test consisted of 40 individual movements. [3] Each movement was scored by the judges on a scale from 0 to 10, with the score multiplied by the movement's coefficient to determine the total for that movement. [4]
For the individual event, a point-for-place system was used. Under this system, each judge ranked the pairs based on their scores, awarding 1 point to the top-scoring pair, 2 points to the second, and so on. [4] The total number of points across the five judges was calculated for each pair, and the pair with the lowest total points was declared the winner. [4]
In contrast, the team event relied on raw scores rather than the point-for-place system. [4]
The panel of judges for the competition included: [5]
Rank | Rider | Nation | Horse | Score | Points | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SWE | FRA | AUT | GER | NED | Total | SWE | FRA | AUT | GER | NED | Total | ||||
Heinz Pollay | Germany | Kronos | 341.5 | 356.5 | 343.5 | 377.5 | 341.0 | 1760.0 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 15 | |
Friedrich Gerhard | Germany | Absinth | 346.0 | 333.5 | 345.0 | 376.5 | 344.5 | 1745.5 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 18 | |
Alois Podhajsky | Austria | Nero | 339.5 | 343.5 | 372.0 | 314.5 | 352.0 | 1721.5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 19 | |
4 | Gregor Adlercreutz | Sweden | Teresina | 372.0 | 334.5 | 351.5 | 307.0 | 310.0 | 1675.0 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 9 | 26 |
5 | André Jousseaume | France | Favorite | 309.0 | 339.5 | 315.0 | 325.5 | 353.5 | 1642.5 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 26 |
6 | Gérard de Balorre | France | Becaucheur | 309.0 | 353.5 | 340.5 | 316.0 | 315.0 | 1634.0 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 29 |
7 | Peder Jensen | Denmark | His ex | 327.5 | 326.0 | 322.5 | 288.5 | 331.5 | 1596.0 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 11 | 6 | 39 |
8 | Pierre Versteegh | Netherlands | Ad Astra | 296.5 | 321.5 | 314.0 | 305.5 | 341.5 | 1579.0 | 13 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 4 | 44 |
8 | Daniel Gillois | France | Nicolas | 306.5 | 352.5 | 290.0 | 321.0 | 399.5 | 1569.5 | 10 | 3 | 13 | 5 | 13 | 44 |
10 | Hermann von Oppeln-Bronikowski | Germany | Gimpel | 294.5 | 291.5 | 326.5 | 348.5 | 307.5 | 1568.5 | 14 | 15 | 6 | 3 | 11 | 49 |
11 | Sven Colliander | Sweden | Kal xx | 337.5 | 316.5 | 303.0 | 285.5 | 288.0 | 1530.5 | 6 | 10 | 11 | 15 | 16 | 58 |
12 | Albert Dolleschall | Austria | Infant | 284.5 | 308.0 | 314.0 | 286.0 | 283.5 | 1476.0 | 16 | 12 | 9 | 14 | 17 | 68 |
13 | František Jandl | Czechoslovakia | Nestor | 270.5 | 314.0 | 285.5 | 286.5 | 296.5 | 1453.0 | 20 | 11 | 15 | 13 | 14 | 73 |
14 | Gusztáv von Pados | Hungary | Ficsur | 277.0 | 293.0 | 289.0 | 288.0 | 277.0 | 1424.0 | 18 | 14 | 14 | 12 | 18 | 76 |
15 | Folke Sandström | Sweden | Pergola | 348.0 | 275.5 | 277.0 | 284.0 | 270.5 | 1455.0 | 2 | 21 | 20 | 16 | 21 | 80 |
15 | Arthur von Pongracz | Austria | Georgine | 273.0 | 289.5 | 303.0 | 268.5 | 296.0 | 1430.0 | 19 | 17 | 11 | 18 | 15 | 80 |
17 | Arthur Qvist | Norway | Jaspis | 299.5 | 270.5 | 284.0 | 279.5 | 304.5 | 1438.0 | 12 | 23 | 17 | 17 | 12 | 81 |
17 | László von Magasházy | Hungary | Tücsök | 284.0 | 289.5 | 277.5 | 291.0 | 273.5 | 1415.5 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 10 | 19 | 81 |
19 | Gerard le Heux | Netherlands | Zonnetje | 288.5 | 286.5 | 270.0 | 268.0 | 309.0 | 1422.0 | 15 | 19 | 21 | 19 | 10 | 84 |
20 | Eugen Johansen | Norway | Sorte Mand | 302.0 | 290.0 | 267.5 | 257.0 | 271.5 | 1388.0 | 11 | 16 | 22 | 22 | 20 | 91 |
21 | Daniël Camerling Helmolt | Netherlands | Wodan | 258.5 | 268.0 | 277.5 | 253.5 | 323.5 | 1381.0 | 25 | 24 | 18 | 26 | 7 | 100 |
22 | Hans Moser | Switzerland | Revue | 265.0 | 293.5 | 285.5 | 255.0 | 238.0 | 1337.0 | 22 | 13 | 15 | 24 | 29 | 103 |
23 | Stanton Babcock | United States | Olympic | 265.0 | 275.0 | 263.0 | 268.0 | 259.5 | 1330.5 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 19 | 23 | 109 |
24 | Matej Pechman | Czechoslovakia | Ideal | 265.5 | 284.0 | 260.5 | 262.5 | 246.5 | 1319.0 | 21 | 20 | 24 | 21 | 28 | 114 |
25 | Isaac Kitts | United States | American Lady | 246.0 | 265.5 | 246.0 | 256.5 | 251.0 | 1265.0 | 28 | 25 | 27 | 23 | 25 | 128 |
26 | Pál Kémery | Hungary | Csintalan | 260.0 | 237.0 | 247.5 | 240.5 | 265.5 | 1250.5 | 24 | 28 | 26 | 29 | 22 | 129 |
27 | Hiram Tuttle | United States | Si Murray | 265.5 | 226.0 | 239.0 | 254.5 | 259.0 | 1233.0 | 26 | 29 | 29 | 25 | 24 | 133 |
28 | Bjørn Bjørnseth | Norway | Invictus | 227.5 | 247.0 | 251.0 | 252.5 | 246.5 | 1224.5 | 29 | 27 | 25 | 27 | 26 | 134 |
29 | Otto Schöniger | Czechoslovakia | Helios | 246.5 | 265.0 | 242.0 | 251.0 | 249.5 | 1254.0 | 27 | 26 | 28 | 28 | 26 | 135 |
The individual eventing event, part of the equestrian program at the 2004 Summer Olympics, was held from 15 to 18 August 2004 in the Olympic Equestrian Centre on the outskirts of Markopoulo in the Attica region of Greece. Like all other equestrian events, the eventing competition was mixed gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division.
The individual dressage event, part of the equestrian program at the 2004 Summer Olympics, was held from 19 to 25 August 2004 at the Olympic Equestrian Centre on the outskirts of Markópoulo, in the Attica region of Greece. Like all other equestrian events, the dressage competition was mixed gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division. 53 horse and rider pairs were entered.
The equestrian events at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp included eventing, show jumping, vaulting and dressage. The competitions were held from 6 to 12 September 1920. Although 89 riders were competing, many rode in more than one event, with 87 entries total. Vaulting was also held, its one appearance at an Olympic Games, with only Belgium, France and Sweden fielding teams.
The equestrian events at the 1924 Paris Olympics included eventing, show jumping and dressage. Vaulting was not included this year. The competitions were held from 21 to 27 July 1924. 17 nations fielded teams: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, USA, and Yugoslavia, with Germany not being invited. Of those 17 countries, only 5 fielded teams in all 3 disciplines: France, Sweden, Belgium, Switzerland and Czechoslovakia. A total of 97 entries and 126 horses competed. Horses in both the jumping and eventing competitions were required to carry at least 75 kilograms (165 lb).
The equestrian events at the 1928 Summer Olympics included dressage, eventing, and show jumping. All three disciplines had both individual and team competitions. The competitions were held from 8 to 12 August 1928. Teams were now fielded by three riders, rather than four, the purpose being to reduce pressure on national federations to find that many riders in order to compete for team medals. Riders had to be considered amateurs, which was defined as either an actively serving professional officer, or as a gentleman rider as defined by the rules of that rider's national governing body. A total of 113 entries were present from 20 nations: Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the USA. This was the first appearance for Hungary, Japan and Argentina in equestrian events at an Olympics. Additionally, after being shut out from two Olympic competitions, Germany also returned to the Games to win a few medals in the equestrian events.
The equestrian events at the 1936 Berlin Summer Olympics included dressage, eventing, and show jumping. All three disciplines had both individual and team competitions. The host country, Germany, had a stellar year, winning both individual and team gold in every equestrian event, as well as individual silver in dressage. The competitions were held from 12 to 16 August 1936. Moderately priced tickets meant huge crowds at all equestrian events, with 15,000–20,000 spectators at any time during the dressage competition, 60,000 on the endurance day of eventing, and 120,000 for the Nations Cup in jumping.
The equestrian events at the 1956 Summer Olympics were held in Stockholm due to the Australian quarantine regulations and included dressage, eventing, and show jumping. All three disciplines had both individual and team competitions. The competitions were held from 11 to 17 June 1956 at Stockholm Olympic Stadium. There were 158 entries from 29 National Olympic Committees: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Romania, Soviet Union, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, USA and Venezuela. This would be the first appearance for Australia, Cambodia and Venezuela in equestrian events.
Equestrian sports were first included in the Olympic Games in the Summer Olympics of 1900 in Paris. They were again included in 1912, and have been included in every subsequent edition of the Games. Currently, the Olympic equestrian disciplines are dressage, eventing, and show jumping. In each discipline, both individual and team medals are awarded. Since the XV Olympiad in Helsinki in 1952, women and men compete on equal terms.
The individual eventing at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place between August 9 and 12 2008 at the Hong Kong Sports Institute.
The individual eventing event, part of the equestrian program at the 2000 Summer Olympics, was held from 20 to 22 September 2000 in the Sydney International Equestrian Centre. Like all other equestrian events, the eventing competition was mixed gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division.
The individual dressage event, part of the equestrian program at the 2000 Summer Olympics, was held from 26 to 30 September 2000 at the Sydney International Equestrian Centre 45 miles outside of Sydney, Australia. Like all other equestrian events, the dressage competition was mixed gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division. Forty-eight horse and rider pairs were entered.
The individual dressage event, part of the equestrian program at the 1996 Summer Olympics, was held from 26 July to 3 August 1996, at the Georgia International Horse Park, in Conyers, Georgia. Like all other equestrian events, the dressage competition was mixed gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division. 48 horse and rider pairs were entered, with round one scores from team event.
The individual eventing event, part of the equestrian program at the 1996 Summer Olympics, was held from 23 to 26 July 1996 in the Georgia International Horse Park, in Conyers, Georgia. Like all other equestrian events, the eventing competition was mixed gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division.
The individual eventing in equestrian at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles was held at the Riviera Country Club (dressage), a specially built course in Westchester (cross-country), and the Olympic Stadium (jumping) from 10 to 13 August. NOCs were limited to three horse and rider pairs.
The team eventing in equestrian at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles was held at the Riviera Country Club (dressage), a specially built course in Westchester (cross-country), and the Olympic Stadium (jumping) from 10 to 13 August. NOCs were limited to three horse and rider pairs.
The team dressage in equestrian at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin was held on the May Field on 12–13 August. The host German team won the gold medal. France won silver and Sweden took bronze.
The individual eventing in equestrian at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin was held on the May Field (dressage), in Döberitz (cross-country), and at the Olympiastadion (jumping) from 13 to 16 August. Of the 50 horse and rider pairs to begin the competition, only 27 finished. Three horses died during the competition.
The team eventing in equestrian at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin was held on the May Field, in Döberitz, and at the Olympiastadion from 13 to 16 August. Scores from individual competitions were used to determine team results. Any nation with three individual horse and rider pairs was entered as a team, with team score being the sum of the three individual scores. All three pairs had to finish the event for the team to receive a place, however; this eliminated 10 out of the 14 teams.
The individual show jumping in equestrian at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin was held at the Olympiastadion (jumping) on 16 August. The competition was also referred to as the "Prix des Nations." There were 54 competitors from 18 nations, with each nation having a team of three riders. The results of the individual event were used for the team jumping event as well. The individual event was won by Kurt Hasse of Germany, the nation's first victory in individual jumping and first medal in the event since 1912. Romania and Hungary each earned their first individual jumping medals, the former with Henri Rang's silver and the latter with József von Platthy's bronze.
The individual dressage at the 1960 Summer Olympics took place between 5 and 6 September, at the Villa Borghese gardens. The event was open to men and women.