Author | Percival Everett |
---|---|
Language | English |
Genre | Satire |
Publisher | UPNE |
Publication date | 2001 |
Publication place | United States |
ISBN | 9781584651604 |
Erasure is a 2001 novel by American writer Percival Everett. It was originally published by the University Press of New England. The novel reacts against the dominant strains of discussion related to the publication and criticism of African-American literature, and was later adapted by Cord Jefferson into a film titled American Fiction, starring Jeffrey Wright. [1]
Upon its release, Erasure was widely praised by critics.
Erasure's protagonist, Thelonious "Monk" Ellison, a professor of English literature and novelist, is in a rut. He writes novels that are highly academic and philosophical, often with reference to Greek mythology and literary theory. The book establishes itself during a trip to Washington, DC, where Ellison presents a paper to a literary society. During the visit, he witnesses his aging mother, now cared for full-time by his sister, suffering from declining memory and health issues.
Ellison struggles to get his books published because, as his agent repeatedly explains to him, publishing houses do not believe his writing to be "black enough". Ellison is also confronted with the success of a novel, We's Lives In Da Ghetto, by first-time writer Juanita Mae Jenkins. Despite Ellison finding the book full of cliches and lazy stereotypes, it becomes a bestseller and makes Jenkins an instant critical darling. Ellison's sister dies unexpectedly, and he moves to DC to replace her as his mother's caregiver.
Frustrated with his job prospects in DC, Ellison sits down to write a "black" novel that will be palatable to the publishers. Using the assumed identity of a black convict named Stagg R. Leigh, Monk quickly composes a satirical response to Jenkins' text, based in part on Richard Wright's Native Son (1940) and Sapphire's Push (1996). He calls his own novel My Pafology, before changing its title to simply Fuck.
Fuck is written in ten chapters, as a novel within a novel. The plot is an exaggerated story of a young black man who has several babies by different women whom he abuses as he falls into a life of delinquency and crime with his friends. The dialogue is deliberately written in a style that relies heavily on African-American English and phonetic spellings that reflect that variety of English.
To Ellison's shock, his agent is able to quickly get a publishing deal for Fuck, earning him half a million dollars in advance fees. The novel quickly becomes his best-selling work to date and gets optioned by a film producer. Throughout the process of selling and optioning the film, Ellison fashions a persona as the convicted "author" Leigh in order to maintain his credibility.
In his personal life, his mother's mental health goes downhill. They take a "last vacation" to their weekend home on the Chesapeake, where Ellison briefly strikes up a relationship with a local woman. At the end of the novel, Leigh wins a major publishing award for the success of Fuck. As Ellison approaches the stage to accept it, he hallucinates the people he's known throughout his life and imagines himself looking in a mirror and seeing Leigh.
The Guardian review described the book as a "skillful, extended parody of ghetto novels such as Sapphire's Push." [2]
The novel was well received. According to Book Marks, based on mostly American publications, the book received "rave" reviews based on thirteen critic reviews, with nine being "rave" and three being "positive" and one being "mixed". [3] The Daily Telegraph reported on reviews from several publications with a rating scale for the novel out of "Love It", "Pretty Good", "Ok", and "Rubbish": Daily Telegraph , Guardian , Times , Sunday Times , and TLS reviews under "Love It" and Independent and Sunday Telegraph reviews under "Pretty Good". [4]
Darryl Pinckney's review in The Guardian focused on the dark comedy that Erasure represents, describing it as moving towards "bleakest comedy" and "sly work." [2] Ready Steady Book focused on the novel being "full of anger" about the African-American literary establishment and said that the most redeeming elements of the plot come from a "moving portrait of a son coming to terms with his mother's life." [5]
Erasure won the inaugural Hurston/Wright Legacy Award in 2002. [6]
In 2024, it was listed on The Atlantic's The Great American Novels list. [7] In the same year, the New York Times named it the 20th best book of the 21st century. [8]
After receiving literary praise for the novel, Everett was initially reluctant to license the novel for adaptation. [9] American filmmaker Cord Jefferson, however, presented a compelling case for an adaptation and the changes to the plot and story in the script satisfied Everett. [10]
After several years of production, the film adaption was released in 2023 under the title American Fiction , written and directed by Jefferson and starring Jeffrey Wright, Tracee Ellis Ross, Erika Alexander, Sterling K. Brown, and Leslie Uggams. [1] The film won the Toronto International Film Festival People's Choice Award at the Toronto Film Festival that year. [11] The film received five nominations at the 96th Academy Awards, including Best Picture and won Best Adapted Screenplay. [12]
Zora Neale Hurston was an American writer, anthropologist, folklorist, and documentary filmmaker. She portrayed racial struggles in the early-20th-century American South and published research on Hoodoo and Caribbean Vodou. The most popular of her four novels is Their Eyes Were Watching God, published in 1937. She also wrote more than 50 short stories, plays, an autobiography, ethnographies, and many essays.
Ralph Waldo Ellison was an American writer, literary critic, and scholar best known for his novel Invisible Man, which won the National Book Award in 1953.
Zadie Smith is an English novelist, essayist, and short-story writer. Her debut novel, White Teeth (2000), immediately became a best-seller and won a number of awards. She became a tenured professor in the Creative Writing faculty of New York University in September 2010.
Arch Colson Chipp Whitehead is an American novelist. He is the author of nine novels, including his 1999 debut The Intuitionist; The Underground Railroad (2016), for which he won the 2016 National Book Award for Fiction and the 2017 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction; and The Nickel Boys, for which he won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction again in 2020, making him one of only four writers ever to win the prize twice. He has also published two books of nonfiction. In 2002, he received a MacArthur Fellowship.
True History of the Kelly Gang is a novel by Australian writer Peter Carey, based loosely on the history of the Kelly Gang. It was first published in Brisbane by the University of Queensland Press in 2000. It won the 2001 Booker Prize and the Commonwealth Writers Prize in the same year. Despite its title, the book is fiction and a variation on the Ned Kelly story.
Percival Leonard Everett II is an American writer and Distinguished Professor of English at the University of Southern California. He has described himself as "pathologically ironic" and has played around with numerous genres such as western fiction, mysteries, thrillers, satire and philosophical fiction. His books are often satirical, aimed at exploring race and identity issues in the United States.
Laila Lalami is a Moroccan-American novelist, essayist, and professor. After earning her licence ès lettres degree in Morocco, she received a fellowship to study in the United Kingdom (UK), where she earned an MA in linguistics.
John F. Callahan is the literary executor for Ralph Ellison, and was the editor for his posthumously-released novel Juneteenth. In addition to his work with Ellison, Callahan has written or edited numerous volumes related to African-American literature, with a particular emphasis on 20th century literature.
Mat Johnson is an American fiction writer who works in both prose and the comics format. In 2007, he was named the first USA James Baldwin Fellow by United States Artists.
The Hurston/Wright Legacy Awards program in the United States honors published Black writers worldwide for literary achievement. Introduced in 2001, the Legacy Award was the first national award presented to Black writers by a national organization of Black writers. It is granted for fiction, nonfiction and poetry, selected in a juried competition.
Rachel Kushner is an American writer, known for her novels Telex from Cuba (2008), The Flamethrowers (2013), The Mars Room (2018), and Creation Lake (2024).
Darryl Pinckney is an American novelist, playwright, and essayist.
Chinelo Okparanta is a Nigerian-American novelist and short-story writer. She was born in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, where she was raised until the age of 10, when she emigrated to the United States with her family.
I Am Not Sidney Poitier (2009) is a novel by American writer Percival Everett. Originally published by Graywolf Press, in 2020 it was published by Influx Press in the UK. It explores the tumultuous life of a character named Not Sidney Poitier as the social hierarchy scrambles to balance his skin color with his wealth.
Mitchell S. Jackson is an American writer. He is the author of the 2013 novel The Residue Years, as well as Oversoul (2012), an ebook collection of essays and short stories. Jackson is a Whiting Award recipient and a former winner of the Ernest J. Gaines Award for Literary Excellence. In 2021, while an assistant professor of creative writing at the University of Chicago, he won the Pulitzer Prize and the National Magazine Award for Feature Writing for his profile of Ahmaud Arbery for Runner's World. As of 2021, Jackson is the John O. Whiteman Dean's Distinguished Professor in the Department of English at Arizona State University.
Bernice L. McFadden is an American novelist. She has also written humorous erotica under the pseudonym Geneva Holliday. Author of fifteen novels, she is an Assistant Professor of Creative Writing at Tulane University in New Orleans.
The Trees is a 2021 novel by American author Percival Everett, published by Graywolf Press.
American Fiction is a 2023 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Cord Jefferson in his feature directorial debut. Based on the 2001 novel Erasure by Percival Everett, it follows a frustrated African-American novelist-professor who writes an outlandish satire of stereotypical "Black" books, only for it to be mistaken for serious literature and published to high sales and critical praise. The film stars Jeffrey Wright, Tracee Ellis Ross, Issa Rae, Sterling K. Brown, John Ortiz, Erika Alexander, Leslie Uggams, Adam Brody and Keith David.
American Fiction is the soundtrack to the 2023 film of the same name directed by Cord Jefferson, based on the 2001 novel Erasure by Percival Everett. The film's musical score composed by Laura Karpman featured 21 tracks from the film score for around 47 minutes. The soundtrack was released by Sony Masterworks on December 15, 2023, alongside the film.
James is a novel by author Percival Everett published by Doubleday in 2024. The novel is a re-imagining of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain but told from the perspective of Huckleberry's friend on his travels, Jim, who is an escaped slave. The novel won the 2024 Kirkus Prize and the National Book Award for Fiction.