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Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy, being called the "father of modern ethics", the "father of modern aesthetics", and for bringing together rationalism and empiricism earned the title of "father of modern philosophy".
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The Critique of Pure Reason is a book by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, in which the author seeks to determine the limits and scope of metaphysics. Also referred to as Kant's "First Critique", it was followed by his Critique of Practical Reason (1788) and Critique of Judgment (1790). In the preface to the first edition, Kant explains that by a "critique of pure reason" he means a critique "of the faculty of reason in general, in respect of all knowledge after which it may strive independently of all experience" and that he aims to decide on "the possibility or impossibility of metaphysics". The term "critique" is understood to mean a systematic analysis in this context, rather than the colloquial sense of the term.
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In the philosophy of religion, an ontological argument is a deductive philosophical argument, made from an ontological basis, that is advanced in support of the existence of God. Such arguments tend to refer to the state of being or existing. More specifically, ontological arguments are commonly conceived a priori in regard to the organization of the universe, whereby, if such organizational structure is true, God must exist.
Transcendental humanism in philosophy considers humans as simultaneously the originator of meaning, and subject to a larger ultimate truth that exists beyond the human realm (transcendence). The philosophy suggests that the humanistic approach is guided by "accuracy, truth, discovery, and objectivity" that transcends or exists apart from subjectivity.
Patricia W. Kitcher is the Roberta and William Campbell Professor of Philosophy at Columbia University, widely known for her work on Immanuel Kant and on philosophy of psychology. She has held many positions at different universities, is a founding chair of a committee at the University of California, and has a lead role in multiple professional organizations. Kitcher's most notable interests throughout her career regard cognition and Kantian ethics. She is the author of multiple papers and two books.
Béatrice Longuenesse is a French philosopher and academic, who is the Silver Professor of Philosophy Emerita at New York University. Her work focuses on Immanuel Kant, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, and the philosophy of mind. She is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Longuenesse is one of the most prominent living Kant scholars, and her works have generated significant discussion around parts of Kant's corpus that were previously largely overlooked.
References
- ↑ Forman, David (19 June 2007). "Review of Ethics Vindicated: Kant's Transcendental Legitimation of Moral Discourse". NDPR. ISSN 1538-1617.
- ↑ Dore, Clement (1 July 1994). "Book Review: Ermanno Bencivenga Logic and Other Nonsense: The Case of Anselm and His God". Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic. 35 (3). doi: 10.1305/ndjfl/1040511352 .
- ↑ Brittan, Gordon G. (1992). "Review of Kant's Copernican Revolution". Philosophy and Phenomenological Research. 52 (3): 740–742. doi:10.2307/2108223. ISSN 0031-8205. JSTOR 2108223.
- ↑ "Ermanno Bencivenga". SWIFT – Sito web italiano per la filosofia. Archived from the original on 2012-06-13. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
- ↑ Ermanno Bencivenga. "Spazio di illusione" (in Italian). Byoblu.
- ↑ Ermanno Bencivenga. "Spazio di libertà" (in Italian). Byoblu.
