Nueva canción is a left-wing social movement and musical genre in Iberian America and the Iberian peninsula, characterized by folk-inspired styles and socially committed lyrics. Nueva canción is widely recognized to have played a profound role in the pro-democracy social upheavals in Portugal, Spain and Latin America during the 1970s and 1980s, and was popular amongst socialist organizations in the region.
Víctor Lidio Jara Martínez was a Chilean teacher, theater director, poet, singer-songwriter and socialist political activist tortured and killed during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. He developed Chilean theater by directing a broad array of works, ranging from locally produced plays to world classics, as well as the experimental work of playwrights such as Ann Jellicoe. He also played a pivotal role among neo-folkloric musicians who established the Nueva Canción Chilena movement. This led to an uprising of new sounds in popular music during the administration of President Salvador Allende.
Quilapayún are a folk music group from Chile and among the longest lasting and most influential ambassadors of the Nueva Canción Chilena movement and genre. Formed during the mid-1960s, the group became inseparable with the revolution that occurred in the popular music of the country under the Popular Unity Government of Salvador Allende.
Inti-Illimani are an instrumental and vocal Latin American folk music ensemble from Chile. The band was formed in 1967 by a group of university students and it acquired widespread popularity in Chile for their song Venceremos, which became the anthem of the Popular Unity government of Salvador Allende. At the moment of the 11 September, 1973 Chilean coup they were on tour in Europe and were unable to return to their country where their music was proscribed by the ruling military junta of Augusto Pinochet. In Europe their music took on a multifarious character, incorporating elements of European baroque and other traditional music forms to their rich and colourful Latin American rhythms, so creating a distinctive fusion of modern world music. They are perhaps the best internationally known members of the Nueva canción movement. Their name means 'Sun of the Illimani': Illimani, in Aymara language, is the name of a mountain in the Bolivian Andes and it means 'Golden Eagle'.
The Rettig Report, officially The National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation Report, is a 1991 report by a commission designated by Chilean President Patricio Aylwin detailing human rights abuses resulting in deaths or disappearances that occurred in Chile during the years of military dictatorship under Augusto Pinochet, which began on September 11, 1973 and ended on March 11, 1990. The report found that over 2,000 people had been killed for political reasons, and dozens of military personnel have been convicted of human rights abuses. In addition, many reforms have been made based on the recommendations of the report including an official reparations department.
Óscar Arturo Hahn Garcés is a Chilean writer and poet, and a member of the literary generation of the 1960s. Hahn has won multiple distinguished awards, notably the National Prize for Literature (Chile) and the Pablo Neruda Ibero-American Poetry Award.
Horacio Salinas Álvarez is a Chilean guitarist and composer. He is cofounder and musical director of the Chilean group Inti-Illimani Histórico. He has a huge repertory of compositions that involves folk, Andean music, protest music, world music, contemporary classical music and many Latin American styles and fusions. In 1973, his group was touring in Europe when Pinochet seized power in Chile, after which they had to stay in exile for years. He has played with many international musicians notably the Australian classical guitarist John Williams.
Estadio Víctor Jara is an indoor multi-use sports complex located in the western part of Santiago, Chile, near the Estación Central and Alameda Avenue. It was designed in the rationalist style and was opened in 1949 as Estadio Chile. It has a total capacity for an audience of 6,500 people.
¡El Pueblo Unido Jamás Será Vencido! is a music album released by the Chilean folk group Quilapayún in 1975.
Gracias a la Vida, or Here's to Life: Joan Baez sings in Spanish is a 1974 studio album released by American singer-songwriter Joan Baez. It was performed mainly in the Spanish language. Baez stated at the time that she released the album as a "message of hope to the Chileans suffering under Augusto Pinochet", in the wake of the death of Salvador Allende.. Songs include selections by Chilean composers Victor Jara and Violeta Parra, who composed the title song.
Iván Patricio Eugenio Manns de Folliot was a Chilean singer, composer, author, poet, novelist, essayist, play writer and journalist.
Patricio Castillo is a Chilean musician and former member of the Chilean folk music group Quilapayún.
Chilean literature refers to all written or literary work produced in Chile or by Chilean writers. The literature of Chile is usually written in Spanish. Chile has a rich literary tradition and has been home to two Nobel prize winners, the poets Gabriela Mistral and Pablo Neruda. It has also seen three winners of the Miguel de Cervantes Prize, considered one of the most important Spanish language literature prizes: the novelist, journalist and diplomat Jorge Edwards (1998), and the poets Gonzalo Rojas (2003) and Nicanor Parra (2011).
Luciano Durán Böger was a Bolivian poet, writer and politician. Son of Luciano Duran Pérez and Aurora Böger Rivero, was born in 1904 in Santa Ana, capital of the Yacuma province of the Department of Beni in Bolivia and died in 1996 in the city of La Paz.
Patio 29 is a common grave site in Santiago General Cemetery in Chile, where political prisoners, especially those who "disappeared" during the 1973 Chilean coup d'état, were buried anonymously. The mass grave, the largest of Augusto Pinochet's military government, was used for unannounced and unmarked burials in the 1970s until an anonymous tip alerted the public to its usage. With the return of democracy to Chile in 1990, an exhumation effort through 2006 recovered 126 bodies in 105 graves and identified three-quarters of the victims. A 2005 DNA test later reported widespread identification errors and a new identification database began in 2007. Exhumation authorities report that the site has been fully exhumed, a claim contested by which families of the victims.
Nueva canción chilena was a movement and genre of Chilean music incorporating strong political and social themes, taking influences from traditional or folk music of Chile. The movement was to spread throughout Latin America during the 1960s and 1970s, in what is called "Nueva canción" sparking a renewal in traditional folk music and playing a key role in political movements in the region.
Stella Corvalán Vega was a Chilean writer and poet. She mainly explored the genre of poetry ascribing itself to an aesthetic stance close to surrealism. She is included together with Homero Arce, María Elvira Piwonka, Mila Oyarzún, and others in the group of writers known as the Generation of '38.
La Nueva Canción Chilena was the second album recorded in exile in Italy by Inti-Illimani in 1974. It is their first album known also with a progressive numeration linked with the band name, in this case Inti-Illimani 2.
Hernán Valdés is a Chilean writer, best known for his book Tejas Verdes, the first published account of the repression carried out by the military dictatorship led by General Augusto Pinochet.
El aparecido is a Chilean song originally written and recorded by Víctor Jara which was included in the 1967 album Victor Jara. the lyrics tell the story of a man who was persecuted for his political ideologies, often the man in the song is attributed to Che Guevara, an Argentine guerrilla fighter. Because of this, the Communist Party of Chile criticized Jara, as the party was trying to establish a socialist government via democratic means, and not through armed guerrillas.
