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 Finland |  Vietnam |
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Finland and Vietnam have established their official relations in January 1973. Finland has an embassy in Hanoi and a consulate in Ho Chi Minh City, while Vietnam has an embassy in Helsinki.
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Finland | Vietnam |
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Finland and Vietnam have established their official relations in January 1973. Finland has an embassy in Hanoi and a consulate in Ho Chi Minh City, while Vietnam has an embassy in Helsinki.
While the two countries established formal ties only in January 1973, the two countries carry some coincidences. [1] Both Finland and Vietnam border gigantic and hostile neighbours Russia and China, having fought wars against both Russia and China in 20th century, with Finland fought the Winter War and Continuation War against the Soviets, while Vietnam fought against the Chinese in the Sino-Vietnamese War and later border conflicts, these wars which Finland and Vietnam fought against more powerful neighbours had been somewhat compared, especially with the use of citizen soldiers to delay advances of their enemies, and the casualties and traumas the two nations endured. [2]
There are also some similarities in the policies played by both governments aftermath when it comes to relations with their gigantic neighbours. Finland's Paasikivi–Kekkonen doctrine and Vietnam's Three Nos principle are both used to enforce neutrality to avoid provocation whilst at the same time seek to engage with Western nations that could oppose Russia and China's ambitions. [3] [4]
Finland has a great reputation for providing one of the best education system in the world, which the Vietnamese officials have long sought to study and emulate. [5] There is a Finnish school in Ho Chi Minh City, which offers a Finnish-style education. [6] There are also a huge number of Vietnamese students choosing to study in Finland. [7]
Vietnam and Finland are also keen on boosting trade relations; bilateral trade turnover rose by 61.2% year-on-year to US$285 million in the first six months of 2021, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. [8]
As of September 2024, Vietnam maintains diplomatic relationships with 191 UN member states, State of Palestine and Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. In 2011 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, at the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam, released an official statement about Vietnam's foreign policy and a section of the statement stated: "Vietnam is a friend and reliable partner of all countries in the international community, actively taking part in international and regional cooperation processes. Deepen, stabilize and sustain established international relations. Develop relations with countries and territories in the world, as well as international organizations, while showing: respect for each other's independence; sovereignty and territorial integrity; non-interference in each other's international affairs; non-use or threat of force; settlement of disagreements and disputes by means of peaceful negotiations; mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit."
Transportation in Vietnam is improving rapidly in terms of both quantity and quality. Road traffic is growing rapidly but the major roads are dangerous and slow to travel on due to outdated design and an inappropriate traffic mix. In recent years, the construction of expressways has accelerated. Air travel is also important for long-distance travel. Metro systems are under construction in the two metropolises of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.
Võ Nguyên Giáp was a Vietnamese general, communist revolutionary and politician. Regarded as one of the greatest military strategists of the 20th century, Giáp led Vietnamese communist forces to victories in wars against Japan, France, South Vietnam and the United States, and China. Giáp was the military commander of the Việt Minh and the People's Army from 1941 to 1972, minister of defense of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 1946–1947 and from 1948 to 1980, and deputy prime minister from 1955 to 1991. He was a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam.
Ho Chi Minh City, also known as Saigon, is the most populous city in Vietnam, with a population of around 10 million in 2023. The city's geography is defined by rivers and canals, of which the largest Saigon River is named after. As a municipality, Ho Chi Minh City consists of 16 urban districts, five rural districts, and one municipal city (sub-city). As the largest financial centre in Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City has the highest gross regional domestic product out of all Vietnam provinces and municipalities, contributing around a quarter of the country's total GDP. Ho Chi Minh City's metropolitan area is ASEAN's 6th largest economy, also the biggest outside an ASEAN country capital.
Việt Minh is the common and abbreviated name of the League for Independence of Vietnam, which was a national independence coalition formed at Pác Bó by Hồ Chí Minh on 19 May 1941. Also known as the Việt Minh Front, it was created by the Indochinese Communist Party (ICP) as a national united front to achieve the independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
Phạm Văn Đồng was a Vietnamese politician who served as Prime Minister of North Vietnam from 1955 to 1976. He later served as Prime Minister of Vietnam, following reunification of North and South Vietnam, from 1976 until he retired in 1987 under the presidency of Lê Duẩn and Nguyễn Văn Linh. He was considered one of Hồ Chí Minh's closest lieutenants.
Russia–Vietnam relations date back formally to 30 January 1950, when the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics established an embassy to North Vietnam. The Soviet Union was one of the first countries in the world to recognize and formally establish diplomatic relations with Vietnam, laying the foundations for strong and cooperative friendship between the two countries.
Formal relations between the United States and Vietnam were initiated in the nineteenth century under former American president Andrew Jackson, but relations soured after the United States refused to protect the Kingdom of Vietnam from a French invasion.
India–Vietnam relations, also known as Indian-Vietnamese relations, are the bilateral relations of India and Vietnam.
The Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology Vietnam is the Vietnamese branch of the Australian university Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology. It has three campuses located in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, and Danang.
North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, was a socialist state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1945 to 1976, with formal sovereignty being fully recognized in 1954. A member of the Eastern Bloc, it opposed the French-supported State of Vietnam and later the Western-allied Republic of Vietnam. The DRV emerged victorious over South Vietnam in 1975 and ceased to exist the following year when it unified with the south to become the current Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
Relations between Vietnam and the State of Palestine have been strong and very friendly. Vietnam had established very close relations with the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and was one of the first countries to recognize the State of Palestine.
Lawrence S. Ting was a Taiwanese decorated soldier and a pioneer businessman who became one of the largest foreign investors in Vietnam. As founder of Phu My Hung Corporation and Saigon South Urban Development Project, Lawrence Ting was instrumental in the southward expansion of Ho Chi Minh City. Today, the neighborhood created by Ting has become “a new sustainable, inclusive, knowledge-based urban center.” Ting received the Ho Chi Minh City Medal of Honor in 1993 and Certificates of Merit of the Government of Vietnam from the Prime Minister in 1997 and 2001. In the 2013 Harvard Business Review article The Big Idea, Building Sustainable Cities, John Macomber of Harvard Business School chose Phu My Hung's Saigon South Development Project started by Lawrence Ting as one of the leading sustainable urban development examples in the world. “Phu My Hung was promoted by industrialists who took a long-term ‘build and hold’ approach and had an infrastructure-first master plan...The Model of Phu My Hung, where thoughtful, long-term oriented, private-sector actors help the world create efficient water, power, and transit solutions, can-and must-be replicated.” Ting received posthumously the Friendship Medal of Vietnam from President Nguyen Minh Triet in December 2007. Lawrence S. Ting School in Ho Chi Minh City, a private non-profit junior high and senior high school is named after him. In 2010, the school became the first Microsoft Pathfinder School in Vietnam. In 2020, Taipei American School named its middle school Lawrence S. Ting Middle School in honor of Ting.
The British Vietnamese International School Hanoi is a bilingual international school in Hanoi, Vietnam, offering a British-style education in both English and Vietnamese languages for ages 3 to 18. BVIS Hanoi is located in the Vincom Royal City, Thanh Xuan District and was opened in August 2013. BVIS students follow a combination of the British National Curriculum, the International Early Years’ and Primary Curriculum models up to Year 6. In Year 10, students begin Cambridge Assessment International Examinations (CAIE) in International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE). In Years 12 and 13, students study for International A Levels.
Spain–Vietnam relations are the official relations between Spain and Vietnam. Spain has an embassy in Hanoi and Vietnam has an embassy in Madrid.
Slovakia–Vietnam relations refers to the bilateral relations between Slovakia and Vietnam. Slovakia has an embassy in Hanoi with a consulate in Ho Chi Minh City; and Vietnam has an embassy in Bratislava.
VNU University of Social Sciences and Humanities, or Hanoi University of Social Sciences and Humanities, is a major research university in Hanoi, Vietnam, and a member university of Vietnam National University, Hanoi.
Phạm Minh Chính is a Vietnamese politician and former public security lieutenant general. He has served as Prime Minister of Vietnam since 2021, and currently ranks second in the Communist Party after General Secretary Tô Lâm.
Embassy of China in Hanoi is the official diplomatic mission of the People's Republic of China in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The embassy was opened in 1954, and the current ambassador is Xiong Bo.
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