Floods in Turkmenistan

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Floods in Turkmenistan primarily occur due to intense seasonal rainfall, rapid snowmelt from the Pamir and Tien Shan mountains, [1] [2] [3] and ice jams in major rivers, including the Amu Darya and Murghab. [4] [5] [6] Flooding is most common during the spring thaw, when incoming snowmelt and glacial runoff from upstream regions exceed the capacity of existing infrastructure, particularly in areas where riverbeds have risen due to sedimentation. [7] [8] The Murghab River has reportedly risen by nearly three meters in recent decades. [9] Notable flood events have occurred in 1969, 1993, 1997, and 2024, affecting areas such as Ashgabat, Mary Province, and Ahal Region. [10] [11] [12] According to the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), Turkmenistan has recorded total flood-related economic losses exceeding USD 2.7 billion. [13]

References

  1. ↑ "Assessment of the role of glaciers in stream flow from the Pamir and Tien Shan mountains | Water Unites". waterunites-ca.org. Retrieved 2025-06-18.
  2. ↑ "Study on Role of Glaciers in Stream Flow Into Amu Darya and Syr Darya Basins" (PDF).
  3. ↑ "Glaciers, Snow, and Hydrology | Pamir" . Retrieved 2025-06-18.
  4. ↑ Leb,Christina,Akuffo-Akoto,Abena. "Study on role of glaciers in stream flow into amu darya and syr darya basins". World Bank. Retrieved 2025-06-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ↑ Hagg, Wilfried; Hoelzle, Martin; Wagner, Stephan; Mayr, Elisabeth; Klose, Zbynek (2013-11-01). "Glacier and runoff changes in the Rukhk catchment, upper Amu-Darya basin until 2050". Global and Planetary Change. Water in Central Asia – Perspectives under global change. 110: 62–73. Bibcode:2013GPC...110...62H. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2013.05.005. ISSN   0921-8181.
  6. ↑ Normatov, Inom; Normatov, Parviz (2020-09-16). "Climate change impact on hydrological characteristics and water availability of the Mountain Pamir Rivers". Proceedings of IAHS. 383. Copernicus GmbH: 31–41. Bibcode:2020PIAHS.383...31N. doi: 10.5194/piahs-383-31-2020 .
  7. ↑ Qifei, Zhang; Yaning, Chen; Zhi, Li; Gonghuan, Fang; Yanyun, Xiang; Yupeng, Li; Huiping, Ji (January 2020). "Recent Changes in Water Discharge in Snow and Glacier Melt-Dominated Rivers in the Tienshan Mountains, Central Asia". Remote Sensing. 12 (17): 2704. Bibcode:2020RemS...12.2704Z. doi: 10.3390/rs12172704 .
  8. ↑ Armstrong, Richard L.; Rittger, Karl; Brodzik, Mary J.; Racoviteanu, Adina; Barrett, Andrew P.; Khalsa, Siri-Jodha Singh; Raup, Bruce; Hill, Alice F.; Khan, Alia L.; Wilson, Alana M.; Kayastha, Rijan Bhakta; Fetterer, Florence; Armstrong, Betsy (2019-06-01). "Runoff from glacier ice and seasonal snow in High Asia: separating melt water sources in river flow". Regional Environmental Change. 19 (5): 1249–1261. Bibcode:2019REnvC..19.1249A. doi:10.1007/s10113-018-1429-0. ISSN   1436-378X.
  9. ↑ Hrvacevic, Zlatan (2020-10-13). "Dredging the Murghab River". Dredging Today. Retrieved 2025-06-18.
  10. ↑ Pannier, Bruce (2012-02-02). "Fears Of Severe Flooding". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 2025-06-18.
  11. ↑ "Irrigation in the near east region in figures". www.fao.org. Retrieved 2025-06-18.
  12. ↑ "Turkmenistan Case Study | Climate Refugees | Othering & Belonging Institute". belonging.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2025-06-18.
  13. ↑ "Natural disasters cost Central Asia $10 billion a year – Are we doing enough to prevent them?". World Bank Blogs. Retrieved 2025-06-18.
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