Perang 14 hari | |
---|---|
Part of Aftermath of World War 2 | |
Location | Peninsular Malaysia |
Date | August 1946 |
Target | Malays and Indians who supported the Japanese rule, Chinese who supported the Kuomintang |
Attack type | Mass killings |
Deaths | Many Malays, Chinese and Indians killed, Estimated in 5,000-10,000 [1] |
Perpetrators | MPAJA |
Motive | Revenge to the people who supported the Japanese Empire rule or the Kuomitang |
The 14-Day War' between the Malays and the Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army, also known as the "Parang Panjang War", broke out around August 1946. Shortly after the surrender of japan, the MPAJA went out a full Persecution in the Peninsular Malaya, killing many Malays, Indians who supported the Japanese and lastly Chinese who supported the Kuomintang.The Persecution lasted 14 days in such places like Batu Pahat, Kuala Kangsar, Teluk Intan and much more. [2]
According to Abdul Samad Idris in his book 25 Years of Independence (1982), the "14-Day War" arose as a result of the Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army suspicion of the honesty of the Malays, which was deliberately inflated by the communists. [3]
During those 14 days, the MPAJA went on a rampage, acting brutally by killing Malays, Indians and Chinese whom they claimed were Japanese secret police. They took abrutal revenge. [4] [5] [6] Among those incidents, MPAJA soldiers tortured the Malays because their dogs were killed. The Malays who supported the Japanese rule had to protect themselves so they wouldn't get killed. [7] [8]
“They took revenge without being humane even though the Malays who were killed were their neighbors. Among these incidents, the Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army soldiers tortured Malays because their dogs were killed” [3]
After the 14 days, the British finally controlled Malaya once again and asked the MPAJA insurgents to return back the weapons to the British forces. [9]
The Malayan Emergency, also known as the Anti–British National Liberation War, (1948–1960) was a guerrilla war fought in the Federation of Malaya between communist pro-independence fighters of the Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA) and the military forces of the Federation of Malaya, British Empire and Commonwealth. The communists fought to win independence for Malaya from the British Empire and to establish a communist state, while the Malayan Federation and Commonwealth forces fought to combat communism and protect British economic and colonial interests. The term "Emergency" was used by the British to characterise the conflict in order to avoid referring to it as a war, because London-based insurers would not pay out in instances of civil wars.
The Malaysian People's Party is a dormant political party in Malaysia. Founded on 11 November 1955 as Partai Ra'ayat, it is one of the older political parties in Malaysia and traces its pedigree to the anti-colonial movements from the pre World War II period like the Kesatuan Melayu Muda.
Chin Peng, born Ong Boon Hua, was a Malayan communist politician, guerrilla leader, and revolutionary, who was the leader and commander of the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM) and the Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA). A Maoist, he led the CPM as secretary general from 1947 until the party's dissolution in 1989.
The Malayan Communist Party (MCP), officially the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM), was a Marxist–Leninist and anti-imperialist communist party which was active in British Malaya and later, the modern states of Malaysia and Singapore from 1930 to 1989. It was responsible for the creation of both the Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army and the Malayan National Liberation Army.
Sultan of Selangor is the title of the constitutional ruler of Selangor, Malaysia who is the head of state and head of the Islamic religion in Selangor. The current monarch, Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah ascended the throne on the death of his father, on 22 November 2001.
Malaya, then under British administration, was gradually occupied by Japanese forces between 8 December 1941 and the Allied surrender at Singapore on 15 February 1942. The Japanese remained in occupation until their surrender to the Allies in 1945. The first Japanese garrison in Malaya to lay down their arms was in Penang on 2 September 1945 aboard HMS Nelson.
This article lists important figures and events in Malayan public affairs during the year 1957, together with births and deaths of significant Malayans. Malaya became independent from British colonial rule on 31 August 1957.
This article lists important figures and events in Malayan and Malaysian public affairs during the year 1963, together with births and deaths of significant Malaysians. The Federation of Malaya merged with Singapore, North Borneo, and Sarawak to form the Federation of Malaysia on 16 September.
This article lists important figures and events in Malayan public affairs during the year 1955, as well as births and deaths of significant Malayans.
This article lists important figures and events in the public affairs of British Malaya during the year 1946, together with births and deaths of prominent Malayans. Malaya remained under British Military Administration until the establishment of the Malayan Union on 1 April.
The Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA) was a Communist guerrilla army that fought for Malayan independence from the British Empire during the Malayan Emergency (1948–1960) and later fought against the Malaysian government in the Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989). Many MNLA fighters were former members of the Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army (MPAJA), including its leader Chin Peng.
Kesatuan Melayu Muda (KMM) was the first leftist and national political establishment in British Malaya. Founded by Ibrahim Yaacob and Ishak Haji Muhammad, KMM grew into a prominent pre-war nationalist movement, notable for its leftist political stance and willingness to use violence, a sharp break with their contemporaries in the Malay nationalist movement.
Tan Sri Zainal Abidin bin Ahmad or better known by the moniker Za'aba, was a Malaysian writer and linguist. He modernised the Malay language with the publication of a series of grammar books entitled Pelita Bahasa in 1936 at the Sultan Idris Training College. The book contained guidelines in modernising the structure of classical Malay, transforming it into the language that is in use today: the most significant change was the switch from the conventional passive to the modern active form of syntax.
Sybil Medan Kathigasu GM was a Malayan Eurasian nurse who supported the resistance during the Japanese occupation of Malaya. She is the only Malayan woman ever to be awarded the George Medal for bravery.
This article lists important figures and events in Malayan public affairs during the year 1949, together with births and deaths of significant Malayans.
The Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army (MPAJA) was a communist guerrilla army that resisted the Japanese occupation of Malaya from 1941 to 1945 in World War II. Composed mainly of ethnic Chinese guerrilla fighters, the MPAJA was the largest anti-Japanese resistance group in Malaya. Founded during the Japanese invasion of Malaya, the MPAJA was conceived as a part of a combined effort by the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) and the British colonial government, alongside various smaller groups to resist the Japanese occupation. Although the MPAJA and the MCP were officially different organisations, many saw the MPAJA as a de facto armed wing of the MCP due to its leadership being staffed by mostly ethnic Chinese communists. Many of the ex-guerrillas of the MPAJA would later form the Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA) and resist a return to pre-war the normality of British rule of Malaya during the Malayan Emergency (1948–1960).
There were several anti-Japanese groups in British Malaya during the Japanese Occupation. During this period, multiple groups emerged in response to the purported mistreatment of locals by the Japanese, which resulted in widespread discontent throughout the region. These were called anti-Japanese groups, serving as the origin of numerous anti-Japanese movements that reflected the prevailing local resentment of the time.
This article lists important figures and events in the public affairs of British Malaya during the year 1941, together with births and deaths of prominent Malayans. The Japanese occupation of Malaya started in December 1941.
Abdul Rahim Kajai, born Abdul Rahim bin Haji Salim was a Malayan journalist, editor and novelist. His career began as a typesetter and was a writer for multiple local Malay newspapers. He later became a correspondent for Penang-based weekly Sinar Zaman. During his later years, he became involved in Warta Malaya and Utusan Melayu, the most prestigious Malay newspaper of the 1930s and 1940s respectively, and wrote several political and religious treatises concerning Malay rights in British Malaya. Between 1936 and 1941, he wrote 48 short stories, which were later compiled in several books published between 1949 and 1961. For his pioneering work, he was highly regarded within Malaya as one of the most prominent contributors of Malayan literature. He was given the honorific title of "Father of Malay Journalism and Short Stories" by the National Library of Malaysia (PNM).