Frank Schmalleger | |
---|---|
Born | 1947 |
Nationality | American |
Alma mater | Ohio State University University of Notre Dame |
Occupation(s) | Criminologist Academic Author |
Spouse | Ellen "Willow" Szirandi Schmalleger |
Website | schmalleger |
Frank Schmalleger (born 1947) is an American criminologist, academic, and author. [1] He is a Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke [ citation needed ].
Schmalleger was born in 1947. [2] He received his master's degree in 1970 and a doctorate in sociology with a specialization in criminology in 1974, from the Ohio State University. [3] While pursuing graduate studies at the Ohio State University, Schmalleger joined the U.S. Army Reserve Officer Training Program (ROTC) and was recognized as a Distinguished Military Cadet upon graduation. [4] He also holds a BBA degree from the University of Notre Dame. [3] [5]
Schmalleger is married to Ellen "Willow" Szirandi Schmalleger. [6]
Schmalleger served in the U.S. Army during the Vietnam War and continued his service in the U.S. Army Reserves until his discharge in 1979, attaining the rank of Captain. [4]
Schmalleger's academic career began in 1970 when he worked as a teaching associate in the Department of Sociology at the Ohio State University from 1970 until 1973. [4]
From 1973 to 1975, Schmalleger worked as an assistant professor of sociology in the Department of Sociology and Social Welfare at Ohio Dominican College in Columbus, Ohio. [5]
In 1975, Schmalleger joined the University of North Carolina at Pembroke (UNCP) as an assistant professor in the Department of Sociology, Social Work, and Criminal Justice, specializing in criminal justice. [7] [5] He became an associate professor in 1978 and professor in 1987, after receiving tenure in 1981. Schmalleger chaired the department from 1978 to 1994. [3] [2]
Schmalleger also taught courses as an adjunct professor at Webster University in St. Louis, Missouri, where he contributed to the development of the university's graduate program in security administration and loss prevention, and taught courses for over a decade. [3] Later, he also taught in the New School for Social Research's online graduate program, contributing to the establishment of early electronic classrooms for distance learning through computer telecommunications. [3]
Schmalleger was the founding editor and executive editor of the journal Criminal Justice Studies from 1985 to 1990. [8] He also reviewed books for The Journal of Psychiatry & Law. [9] [10] [11]
Schmalleger retired from teaching in 1994. [2] After his retirement, he founded the Justice Research Association, where he serves as director. [2]
Schmalleger has authored dozens of books on criminology and criminal justice, including Criminal Justice Today (Pearson); Criminal Justice: A Brief Introduction (Pearson); Criminology Today (Pearson); Constitutional Law Today (Cognella); and Corrections in the 21st Century (McGraw-Hill). [12] [13] An early book, The Social Basis of Criminal Justice, was reviewed in 2006 in the Justice Quarterly . [14] His introductory texts have been dubbed "The Gold Standard" among criminal justice texts by his publisher, Pearson Publishing. [15]
Schmalleger is also an active "ham" radio operator, holding the call sign K3UND. [16]
Marxist criminology is one of the schools of criminology. It parallels the work of the structural functionalism school which focuses on what produces stability and continuity in society but, unlike the functionalists, it adopts a predefined political philosophy. As in conflict criminology, it focuses on why things change, identifying the disruptive forces in industrialized societies, and describing how society is divided by power, wealth, prestige, and the perceptions of the world. It is concerned with the causal relationships between society and crime, i.e. to establish a critical understanding of how the immediate and structural social environment gives rise to crime and criminogenic conditions. William Chambliss and Robert Seidman explain that "the shape and character of the legal system in complex societies can be understood as deriving from the conflicts inherent in the structure of these societies which are stratified economically and politically".
The feminist school of criminology is a school of criminology developed in the late 1960s and into the 1970s as a reaction to the general disregard and discrimination of women in the traditional study of crime. It is the view of the feminist school of criminology that a majority of criminological theories were developed through studies on male subjects and focused on male criminality, and that criminologists often would "add women and stir" rather than develop separate theories on female criminality.
The Institute of Criminology is the criminological research institute within the Faculty of Law at the University of Cambridge. The Institute is one of the oldest criminological research institutes in Europe, and has exerted a strong influence on the development of criminology. Its multidisciplinary teaching and research staff are recruited from the disciplines of law, psychiatry, psychology, and sociology. It is located on the Sidgwick Site in the west of Cambridge, England. The Institute of Criminology building was designed by Allies and Morrison. The Institute is also home to the Radzinowicz Library, which houses the most comprehensive criminology collection in the United Kingdom. The Institute has approximately 50 PhD students, 30-40 M.Phil. students, and 200 M.St students. The Institute also offers courses to Cambridge undergraduates, particularly in law, but also in human social and political sciences and in psychology and behavioural sciences.
Jock Young was a British sociologist and an influential criminologist.
Nicole Hahn Rafter was a feminist criminology professor at Northeastern University. She received her Bachelor of Arts degree from Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania, achieved her Master of Arts in Teaching from Harvard University, and obtained a Ph.D. in Criminal Justice from State University of New York in Albany. She began her career as a high school and college English professor and switched to criminal justice in her mid-thirties.
David Nelken is a Distinguished Professor of Legal Institutions and Social Change Faculty of Political Science, University of Macerata and the Distinguished Visiting Research Professor, Faculty of Law, Cardiff University. His work focuses primarily on comparative criminal justice and comparative sociology of law. He was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 2023.
Susanne Karstedt is a German criminologist. She is a professor in the School of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Griffith University in Queensland, Australia.
A prisoner is a person who is deprived of liberty against their will. This can be by confinement or captivity in a prison, or physical restraint. The term usually applies to one serving a sentence in prison.
Criminology is the interdisciplinary study of crime and deviant behaviour. Criminology is a multidisciplinary field in both the behavioural and social sciences, which draws primarily upon the research of sociologists, political scientists, economists, legal sociologists, psychologists, philosophers, psychiatrists, social workers, biologists, social anthropologists, scholars of law and jurisprudence, as well as the processes that define administration of justice and the criminal justice system.
David L. Weisburd, is an Israeli/American criminologist who is well known for his research on crime and place, policing and white collar crime. Weisburd was the 2010 recipient of the prestigious Stockholm Prize in Criminology, and was awarded the Israel Prize in Social Work and Criminological Research in 2015, considered the state's highest honor. Weisburd is Distinguished Professor of Criminology, Law and Society at George Mason University. and Walter E. Meyer Professor Emeritus of Law and Criminal Justice in the Institute of Criminology of the Hebrew University Faculty of Law. At George Mason University, Weisburd was founder of the Center for Evidence-Based Crime Policy and is now its Executive Director. Weisburd also serves as Chief Science Advisor at the National Policing Institute in Washington, D.C. Weisburd was the founding editor of the Journal of Experimental Criminology, and is editor of the Cambridge Elements in Criminology Series.
Walter Reckless was an American criminologist known for his containment theory.
The Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences (ACJS) is an international association established in 1963 to foster professional and scholarly activities in the field of criminal justice and criminology. ACJS promotes criminal justice and criminology education, policy analysis, and research for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers. Its national office is located in Greenbelt, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, D.C., in the US.
Anthony Walsh is an American criminologist and professor emeritus at Boise State University in Boise, Idaho. He was educated at Eastern Michigan University, the University of Toledo, and Bowling Green State University. He worked in law enforcement for 21 years before joining the faculty of Boise State University in 1984. These positions included a stint as a probation officer in Lucas County, Ohio.
Public criminology is an approach to criminology that disseminates criminological research beyond academia to broader audiences, such as criminal justice practitioners and the general public. Public criminology is closely tied with “public sociology”, and draws on a long line of intellectuals engaging in public interventions related to crime and justice. Some forms of public criminology are conducted through methods such as classroom education, academic conferences, public lectures, “news-making criminology”, government hearings, newspapers, radio and television broadcasting and press releases. Advocates of public criminology argue that the energies of criminologists should be directed towards "conducting and disseminating research on crime, law, and deviance in dialogue with affected communities." Public criminologists focus on reshaping the image of the criminal and work with communities to find answers to pressing questions. Proponents of public criminology see it as potentially narrowing "the yawning gap between public perceptions and the best available scientific evidence on issues of public concern", a problem they see as especially pertinent to matters of crime and punishment.
Donald Arthur Andrews was a Canadian correctional psychologist and criminologist who taught at Carleton University, where he was a founding member of the Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice. He is recognized for having criticized Robert Martinson's influential paper concluding that "nothing works" in correctional treatment. He also helped to advance the technique of risk assessment to better predict the chance of recidivism among offenders. He is credited with coining the terms "criminogenic needs" and "risk-need-responsivity", both of which have since been used and studied extensively in the criminological literature.
Herschel Albert Prins (1928–2016) was a British professor of criminology. His career spanned over 60 years in work pertaining to forensic psychiatry, and his appointments included positions at the universities of Leeds, Loughborough, Leicester and Birmingham. His roles included HM probation inspectorate, parole board engagement, and involvement in mental health review tribunals and the mental health act commission. He worked with people with malicious activity, antisocial and disinhibited behaviour, unusual sexual deviations and people who behaved dangerously.
Crime and its repression is a book that was originally published in 1903 and written by Gustav Aschaffenburg. It was translated to English in 1913. It investigates the underlying causes of crime and advises on different methods of punishment and deterrence. It was highly influential in the domain of criminal psychology and widely used as educational literature among universities for decades after its publication.
Das Verbrechen als soziale Erscheinung; Grundzüge der Kriminal-Sociologie was written by Enrico Ferri and originally published in 1884, but has undergone several revisions since then. It deals with Ferri's perspective on criminal sociology and problems of penology. The book is known as Ferri's most important work and represents the positive school of criminology.
Gregg Barak is an American criminologist, academic, and author. He is an emeritus professor of criminology and criminal justice at Eastern Michigan University, a former visiting distinguished professor in the College of Justice & Safety at Eastern Kentucky University, and a 2017 Fulbright Scholar in residence at the School of Law, Pontificia Universidade Catholica, Porto Alegre, Brazil. He is most known for his research in the fields of criminology and criminal justice.
James E. Hawdon is an American sociologist, academic, and author. He is a professor of Sociology and a Director for the Center for Peace Studies and Violence Prevention at Virginia Tech.