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Frederick Etchells (14 September 1886 - 1973) was an English artist and architect.
Frederick Etchells | |
|---|---|
| Born | 14 September 1886 Newcastle upon Tyne, England |
| Died | 16 August 1973 (aged 87) Folkestone, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Education | Royal College of Art |
| Known for | Painting, Architecture, Book Publishing, Church Restorations |
| Movement | Vorticism, Omega Workshops, Group X |
Etchells was born in Newcastle upon Tyne. His early education was at the London School of Kensington, now known as The Royal College of Art where he studied on the Architectural course under Professor Arthur Beresford Pite (1861-1934) and two years under Professor Lethaby, [1] which brought him into contact with the Bloomsbury Group.
He was a contributor to the Omega Workshops, but was one of those breaking away with Wyndham Lewis; [2] this breakaway began the Rebel Art Centre, with the Rebel Art Movement, somewhat akin to the Dadaists in Paris. The Rebel Art Movement transformed into the Vorticists several of his illustrations appeared in the issues of the literary magazine BLAST of which there were only two issues. There was a Manifesto, which not all of the artists involved signed up to; Etchells himself excluded his name from the manifesto. However William Roberts later painted Etchells holding the copy of BLAST in his work "The Vorticists at the Restaurant de la Tour Eiffel, Spring 1915". [3] Roberts wrote to Etchells wanting to confront Lewis about his prominence in the authorship of the magazine, to which Etchells declined since he no longer wanted anything to do with it. [4] He, unlike many of the others from the Vorticists, remained acquainted with Roger Fry. [5]
In his architectural practice, Etchells produced some modernist buildings, the most well known of is his designs was for 232–4 High Holborn, London (1929–30) for the advertising firm WS Crawford Ltd., a commission he had obtained through his friend Ashley Havinden (1903–73) who was the company’s art director from 1929. This was the first fully modernist office building in central London. Its clean façade was matched by a modern interior, complete with built-in furniture and stainless steel. Etchells main responsibility was the façade. [6] [7]
Etchells's most significant work is his translation of Le Corbusier's Vers une architecture known in its English title as Towards a New Architecture : This has now been re-translated by John Goodman in his version Toward an Architecture 2007. Etchells later translated another book of Corbusier's Urbanisme, which in its English translation became The City of Tomorrow. He gradually moved into architecture after a period of book publication, with the Haslewood Press. [8] Later he became a church and conservation architect. He had close associations with John Betjeman who wrote his obituary. [9] Betjeman was a tenant in one of Etchells's flats in Mayfair, this was during the period when Betjeman was a journalist with The Architectural Review. One of his restorations was St Andrew's Church, Plymouth; he also restored St George's Church, Donnington, West Sussex after a fire in 1939, [10] and St James's Church, Abinger Common, Surrey in 1950 after bomb damage during World War II. [11]
He contributed articles to the journal The Studio., though often anonymously and to Artwork. [12]
He was an active member of the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings (SPAB) [9] and a founding member of the Georgian Group.
In the 1930s Etchells purchased a weekend cottage in West Challow then called Holme Lea, a Queen Anne property. He lived there between 1939 and 1944, having moved out of London. During that time he acquired and renovated a second smaller house in West Challow into which he, his wife and daughter moved in 1944. [13] [14]
He was married to Hester Margaret Sainsbury [15] who was a book illustrator, painter and artist known for her performances to music.
The Jacobethan or Jacobean Revival architectural style is the mixed national Renaissance revival style that was made popular in England from the late 1820s, which derived most of its inspiration and its repertory from the English Renaissance (1550–1625), with elements of Elizabethan and Jacobean.
Vorticism was a London-based modernist art movement formed in 1914 by the writer and artist Wyndham Lewis. The movement was partially inspired by Cubism and was introduced to the public by means of the publication of the Vorticist manifesto in Blast magazine. Familiar forms of representational art were rejected in favour of a geometric style that tended towards a hard-edged abstraction. Lewis proved unable to harness the talents of his disparate group of avant-garde artists; however, for a brief period Vorticism proved to be an exciting intervention and an artistic riposte to Marinetti's Futurism and the post-impressionism of Roger Fry's Omega Workshops.
Sir Nikolaus Bernhard Leon Pevsner was a German-British art historian and architectural historian best known for his monumental 46-volume series of county-by-county guides, The Buildings of England (1951–74).
The year 1930 in architecture involved some significant events.
George Frederick Bodley was an English Gothic Revival architect. He was a pupil of Sir George Gilbert Scott, and worked in partnership with Thomas Garner for much of his career. He was one of the founders of Watts & Co.
Jonathan Glancey, is an architectural critic and writer who was the architecture and design editor at The Guardian, a position he held from 1997 to February 2012. He previously held the same post at The Independent. He also has been involved with the architecture magazines Building Design, Architectural Review, The Architect and Blueprint. He is an honorary fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects, RIBA.
Samuel Sanders Teulon was an English Gothic Revival architect, noted for his use of polychrome brickwork and the complex planning of his buildings.
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Ian Douglas Nairn was a British architectural critic who coined the word "Subtopia" to indicate drab suburbs that look identical through unimaginative town-planning. He published two strongly personalised critiques of London and Paris, and collaborated with Sir Nikolaus Pevsner, who considered his reports to be too subjective, but acknowledged him as the better writer.
George Somers Clarke (1841–1926) was an architect and English Egyptologist who worked at a number of sites throughout Egypt, notably in El Kab, where he built a house. He was born in Brighton.
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Vers une architecture, recently translated into English as Toward an Architecture but commonly known as Towards a New Architecture after the 1927 translation by Frederick Etchells, is a collection of essays written by Le Corbusier, advocating for and exploring the concept of modern architecture. The book has had a lasting effect on the architectural profession, serving as the manifesto for a generation of architects, a subject of hatred for others, and unquestionably an important work of architectural theory. The architectural historian Reyner Banham wrote that its influence was "beyond that of any other architectural work published in this [20th] century to date", and that unparalleled influence has continued, unabated, into the 21st century.
John Chessell Buckler was a British architect, the eldest son of the architect John Buckler. J. C. Buckler initially worked with his father before taking over his practice. His work included restorations of country houses and at the University of Oxford.
Cuthbert Hamilton (1885–1959) was a British artist associated with the Vorticist movement and later with Group X. He was one of the pioneers of abstract art in Britain.
Joseph Clarke was a British Gothic Revival architect who practised in London, England.
John Billing, FRIBA was an English architect from Reading, Berkshire. His grandfather Richard Billing, father Richard Billing (1784–1853), brothers Richard (1814–84) and Arthur (1824–96) and nephew Arthur Ernest were also architects.
Bridget Cherry OBE, FSA, Hon. FRIBA is a British architectural historian who was series editor of the Pevsner Architectural Guides from 1971 until 2002. She is the co-author of several Pevsner guides.
Hester Margaret Sainsbury (1890-1967) was a British artist, dancer, poet and illustrator.
The Vorticists at the Restaurant de la Tour Eiffel, Spring 1915 is a 1961–1962 painting by the English artist William Roberts. It depicts the Vorticist group gathered at a French restaurant in London.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)Malcolm Dickson - https://aaschool.academia.edu/MalcolmDickson
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