French ship Solitaire (1774)

History
France
Name	Solitaire
Launched	1774
Captured	6 December 1782, by Royal Navy
Great Britain
Name	Solitaire
Acquired	6 December 1782
Fate	Sold, 1790
General characteristics [1]
Class and type	Solitaire class ship of the line
Tons burthen	1521 tons
Length	51 metres [2]
Beam	13.2 metres [2]
Draught	6.4 metres [2]
Propulsion	Sails
Sail plan	Full-rigged ship
Armament	26×24-pounder long guns 28×12-pounder long guns 10×6-pounder long guns [2]

Solitaire was a 64-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, built by Antoine Groignard ^[3] and launched in 1774, lead ship of her class. She was captured by the Royal Navy on 6 December 1782, and commissioned as the third rate HMS Solitaire. She was sold out of the Navy in 1790.

Career

In 1776, Solitaire was under Chef d'Escadre Chartres as flagship of one of the three division of the Escadre d'évolution that year. ^[4] In June, she collided with Terpsichore and both ships had to repair in Cadiz. ^{[5] [6]}

In 1778, Solitaire was part of the Third Division of the Blue squadron in the fleet of Orvilliers, ^[7] and took part in the Battle of Ushant on 27 July 1778 under Captain Briqueville. ^{[8] [5]}

In 1779, she was part of a division under Louis Augustin de Monteclerc, also comprising the frigates Inconstante and Surveillante, and led an expedition to hunt down privateers. The division returned to Brest on 4 May 1779 with 400 prisoners. ^[9] Later that year, Solitaire was attached to a squadron under Orvilliers. ^{[9] [10]}

She took part in the Battle of Fort Royal on 29 avril 1781 under Cicé-Champion. ^[11]

Solitaire was part of a squadron that comprised Triton, Résolue, Nymphe, and the brig Speedy. The French squadron sailed on 24 November 1782 from Saint-Pierre, Martinique. ^[12]

After a dark night, Solitaire, Captain de Borda, found herself in the morning close to a squadron of eight British ships under the command of Rear-Admiral Sir Richard Hughes, which was on its way from Gibraltar. The English gave chase and Solitaire sailed to delay them and give the rest of the French squadron a chance to escape. ^[12]

At 12:30 and engagement developed between Solitaire and HMS Ruby. As another British vessel approached Solitaire had to strike. Speedy was captured in the same action, ^[13] after a vigorous defence. In the action, her captain, Ribiers, was killed, together with a large part of her crew. ^[12]

Notes, citations, and references

Notes

References

1. Lavery, Ships of the Line vol.1. p182.
2. Roche, vol.1, p.86
3. Binet (1911). "La construction du vaisseau de 100 canons "La Bretagne"". Annales de Bretagne et des pays de l'Ouest. 27–2: 218. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
4. Lacour-Gayet (1905), p. 80-81.
5. Roche (2005), p. 419.
6. Roche (2005), p. 433.
7. Lacour-Gayet (1905), p. 618.
8. Académie de Marine (2011), p. 2.
9. Contenson (1934), p. 228.
10. Troude (1867), p. 32.
11. Troude (1867), p. 102.
12. Guérin (1857), Vol. 5, p.124.
13. Troude (1865), Vol. 2, p.212.

Bibliography

• Contenson, Ludovic (1934). La Société des Cincinnati de France et la guerre d'Amérique (1778-1783). Paris: éditions Auguste Picard. OCLC   7842336.
• Guérin, Léon (1857). Histoire maritime de France (in French). Vol. 5. Dufour et Mulat.
• Lacour-Gayet, Georges (1905). La marine militaire de la France sous le règne de Louis XVI. Paris: Honoré Champion. pp. 431–434.
• Lavery, Brian (2003). The Ship of the Line - Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650–1850. Conway Maritime Press. ISBN   0-85177-252-8.
• Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours 1 1671 - 1870. p. 48. ISBN   978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC   165892922.
• Troude, Onésime-Joachim (1867). Batailles navales de la France (in French). Vol. 2. Challamel ainé.

External links

• Académie de Marine (2011). "BRIQUEVILLE" (PDF). Académie de Marine. Retrieved 16 May 2020.