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The cavity magnetron is a high-power vacuum tube used in early radar systems and currently in microwave ovens and linear particle accelerators. It generates microwaves using the interaction of a stream of electrons with a magnetic field while moving past a series of cavity resonators, which are small, open cavities in a metal block. Electrons pass by the cavities and cause microwaves to oscillate within, similar to the functioning of a whistle producing a tone when excited by an air stream blown past its opening. The resonant frequency of the arrangement is determined by the cavities' physical dimensions. Unlike other vacuum tubes, such as a klystron or a traveling-wave tube (TWT), the magnetron cannot function as an amplifier for increasing the intensity of an applied microwave signal; the magnetron serves solely as an oscillator, generating a microwave signal from direct current electricity supplied to the vacuum tube.
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Serrate was a World War II Allied radar detection and homing device used by night fighters to track Luftwaffe night fighters equipped with the earlier UHF-band BC and C-1 versions of the Lichtenstein radar. It allowed RAF night fighters to attack their German counterparts, disrupting their attempts to attack the RAF's bomber force.
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Radar in World War II greatly influenced many important aspects of the conflict. This revolutionary new technology of radio-based detection and tracking was used by both the Allies and Axis powers in World War II, which had evolved independently in a number of nations during the mid 1930s. At the outbreak of war in September 1939, both Great Britain and Germany had functioning radar systems. In Great Britain, it was called RDF, Range and Direction Finding, while in Germany the name Funkmeß (radio-measuring) was used, with apparatuses called Funkmessgerät . By the time of the Battle of Britain in mid-1940, the Royal Air Force (RAF) had fully integrated RDF as part of the national air defence.
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German Luftwaffe and Navy Kriegsmarine Radar Equipment during World War II, relied on an increasingly diverse array of communications, IFF and RDF equipment for its function. Most of this equipment received the generic prefix FuG, meaning "radio equipment". During the war, Germany renumbered their radars. From using the year of introduction as their number they moved to a different numbering scheme.
The Type 277 was a surface search and secondary aircraft early warning radar used by the Royal Navy and allies during World War II and the post-war era. It was a major update of the earlier Type 271 radar, offering much more power, better signal processing, new displays, and new antennas with greatly improved performance and much simpler mounting requirements. It allowed a radar with performance formerly found only on cruisers and battleships to be fitted even to the smallest corvettes. It began to replace the 271 in 1943 and was widespread by the end of the year.
Radar, Air-to-Surface Vessel, Mark III, or ASV Mk. III for short, was a surface search radar system used by RAF Coastal Command during World War II. It was a slightly modified version of the H2S radar used by RAF Bomber Command, with minor changes to the antenna to make it more useful for the anti-submarine role. It was Coastal Command's primary radar from the spring of 1943 until the end of the war. Several improved versions were introduced, notably the ASV Mark VI, which replaced most Mk. IIIs from 1944 and ASV Mark VII radar, which saw only limited use until the post-war era.
References
- ↑ Also known as Selsyn (US) or Drehfeldgeber (German)
- ↑ Farson (2009), p. 24
- ↑ CDV&T (2006), p. 26
- 1 2 3 4 "FuMO 84". Radar of German U-Boats. 17 May 2013.
- ↑ Owen, David (2007). Anti-Submarine Warfare: An Illustrated History. Seaforth Publishing. p. 111. ISBN 9781783468973.
- ↑ Arthur O. Bauer (19 April 2010). "The German Wartime Struggle to catch up with Allied Power Magnetron Technology" (PDF). Foundation: Centre for German Communication and related Technology 1920-1945 (CDV&T).
- 1 2 Galati, Gaspare (2015). 100 Years of Radar. Springer. ISBN 9783319005843.
- ↑ Adam Farson (5 March 2009). "German WW2 Radar" (PDF). p. 25. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04.
- ↑ Arthur O. Bauer (2 December 2006). "Some Aspects of German Airborne Radar Technology, 1942 to 1945" (PDF). Foundation: Centre for German Communication and related Technology 1920-1945 (CDV&T). pp. 19–21.
- ↑ CDV&T (2010) , p. 5
- ↑ CDV&T (2006) , p. 25
- ↑ CDV&T (2006), pp. 21–23
- 1 2 CDV&T (2006), pp. 24–25