GLI-F4 grenade

Last updated

The GLI-F4 instant tear gas grenade (or SAE 810 instant tear gas grenade) is an explosive tear gas grenade, manufactured by the company Alsetex.

Contents

The GLI-F4 has been used in France for law enforcement since 2011. It has caused several cases of mutilation. [1]

On 26 January 2020 the French interior minister, Christophe Castaner, announced the withdrawal of GLI-F4 grenades; their replacement, called GM2L grenade, does not contain TNT, but critics such as the Human Rights League argue that it is not clear that these new grenades are much safer as they function in a similar way. [2] [3] The announcement was also criticized as an empty gesture since at the time of the announcement GLI-F4 grenades were no longer in production and they were already in the process of being phased out. [2]

History

The GLI-F4 was first authorized alongside the OF-F1 grenade in French law enforcement operation, following Decree 2011–795 on June 30, 2011. [4] It has completely replaced the OF-F1 grenade, which was first suspended after the death of Rémi Fraisse when used during the October 2014 Sivens Dam demonstrations. The OF-F1 was then forbidden by Decree 2017–1029, on 10 May 2017. [5]

GLI-F4 grenades are classified as weapons of war in the French Internal Security Code. [6]

Contents

The GLI-F4's tear gas consists of 10 g (0.35 oz) of CS gas. The explosive charge consists of 26 g (0.92 oz) of TNT and 4 g (0.14 oz) of hexocire (a mixture of RDX and wax). [7]

Usage

France is the only European country that uses explosive ammo for law enforcement. [8] This grenade has been used in France for policing operations since 2011.

Three thousand grenades of this type, some of which expired, were used on the Notre-Dame-des-Landes Zone to Defend in April 2018. [9]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FAMAS</span> French bullpup assault rifle

The FAMAS is a bullpup assault rifle designed and manufactured in France by MAS in 1978. It is known by French troops as Le Clairon due to its distinctive shape.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mk 2 grenade</span> Time-fused grenade

The Mk 2 grenade, also nicknamed the Pineapple is a fragmentation-type anti-personnel hand grenade introduced by the U.S. armed forces in 1918. It was the standard issue anti-personnel grenade used during World War II, and also saw limited service in later conflicts, including the Korean War and Vietnam War. Replacing the failed Mk 1 grenade of 1917, it was standardized in 1920 as the Mk II, and redesignated the Mk 2 on April 2, 1945.

The French Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire (IRSN) located in Fontenay-aux-Roses is a public official establishment with an industrial and commercial aspect (EPIC) created by the AFSSE Act and by February 22, 2002 decreed n°2002-254. The IRSN is placed under the conjoint authority of the Defence minister, the Environmental minister, the Industry minister and the Health and Research minister.

<i>Autorité de la concurrence</i> Competition regulator in France

The Autorité de la concurrence is France's national competition regulator. Its predecessor, the Competition Council, was established in the 1950s. The Competition Authority is an Independent administrative authority, responsible for preventing anti-competitive practices and monitoring the functioning of markets. It aims to ensure respect for the law linked "to the defense of a sufficient market competition".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Badefols-sur-Dordogne</span> Commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France

Badefols-sur-Dordogne is a commune in the Dordogne department in southwestern France. The commune is situated on the river Dordogne.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chief of the Defence Staff (France)</span>

The Chief of the Defence Staff is the military head of the Armed Forces of the French Republic, overseeing all military operations. They are responsible to the Minister of the Armed Forces and their deputy is the Major General of the Defence Staff. Since the 1950s, the office has been held only by four-star generals (OF–9), either from the Army, the Navy, or the Air and Space Force. The current Chief is General Thierry Burkhard, who took the position on 22 July 2021.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bellerive-sur-Allier</span> Commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France

Bellerive-sur-Allier is a commune in the Allier department in central France.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bertignat</span> Commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France

Bertignat is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department, region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, central France.

Le Breuil-sur-Couze is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France.

Chambon-sur-Dolore is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France.

La Chapelle-sur-Usson is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Corent</span> Commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France

Corent is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Source-Seine</span> Commune in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France

Source-Seine, known as Source Seine during the first few months after its formation, is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament et des produits de santé</span> Drug regulator in France

Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament et des produits de santé (ANSM) is a drug regulator in France. ANSM is responsible for assessing the benefits and risks associated with the use of drugs and other medical products throughout their life-cycle: it assesses the safety, efficacy and quality of these products and must balance patient safety with access to novel therapies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rémi Fraisse</span>

Rémi Fraisse was a French botanist involved in nature conservation. He was killed by the explosion of an OF-F1 grenade. The projectile was fired by an officer of the French police and his family are bringing charges against him. Fraisse died at the age of 21 during protests against the construction of the Sivens Dam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Canton of Chaumont-en-Vexin</span> Canton in Hauts-de-France, France

The canton of Chaumont-en-Vexin is an administrative division of the Oise department, northern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Chaumont-en-Vexin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Loi pour une République numérique</span> French law

The loi pour une République numérique is a French law first proposed by Axelle Lemaire, Secretary of State for Digital Affairs, voted on 7 October 2016.

Dominique Sorain is a French senior civil servant. He has been serving as High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia since 10 July 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Major General of the Defence Staff (France)</span>

The Major General of the Defence Staff is a high ranking general officer of the French Armed Forces and the deputy to the Chief of the Defence Staff. As such, it is the second highest position in the armed forces. Major Generals are nominated by the Minister of the Armed Forces and appointed by the Commander-in-Chief, the President of the French Republic. The designation of Major General is not indicative of any rank but is rather a position, as the most recent office holders were all four star generals (OF-9).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Public domain in French public law</span> The public domain in French public law.

In French public law, the public domain is all property belonging to the State, local authorities, public establishments or other public bodies, and assigned to a public purpose.

References

  1. "Un "gilet jaune", victime d'une grenade, a eu la main arrachée". www.lesinrocks.com. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
  2. 1 2 Breeden, Aurelien (2020-01-27). "France to Stop Using TNT-Loaded Tear Gas Grenades". The New York Times.
  3. Joubioux, Nathan (2020-01-27). "La grenade controversée GLI-F4 est désormais interdite en France, un coup de com ?". euronews (in French). Retrieved 2020-01-29.
  4. "Decree No. 2011-795 of 30 June 2011 on firearms that may be used for the maintenance of public order". Legifrance.gouv.fr. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
  5. "Décret n° 2017-1029 du 10 mai 2017 modifiant l'article D. 211-17 du code de la sécurité intérieure - Legifrance". Legifrance.gouv.fr.
  6. Celine Rastello, "N'est-ce pas inquiétant qu'un gouvernement utilise des armes de guerre contre la population ?", L'Obs, February 14, 2019. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  7. Ismaël Halissat, "Grenade GLI-F4 : révélations sur une arme qui mutile", Libération.fr, January 25, 2019. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  8. ( Daillère & Linglet 2016 , p. 48,49)
  9. "Les gendarmes ont déversé une quantité record de grenades sur la Zad de Notre-Dame-des-Landes". Reporterre.net. Retrieved 4 January 2019.

Works cited