GPAT4

GPAT4
Identifiers
Aliases	GPAT4 , 1-AGPAT 6, LPAAT-zeta, LPAATZ, TSARG7, AGPAT6, glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4
External IDs	OMIM: 608143; MGI: 2142716; HomoloGene: 32425; GeneCards: GPAT4; OMA:GPAT4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 8 (human) [1] Band 8p11.21 Start 41,577,187 bp [1] End 41,625,001 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 8 (mouse) [2] Band 8|8 A2 Start 23,661,281 bp [2] End 23,698,362 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in islet of Langerhans cerebellar hemisphere right hemisphere of cerebellum stromal cell of endometrium right adrenal cortex gastrocnemius muscle left adrenal gland left adrenal cortex smooth muscle tissue appendix Top expressed in seminiferous tubule spermatid spermatocyte ventricular zone neural layer of retina brown adipose tissue right kidney yolk sac dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell muscle of thigh More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function transferase activity acyltransferase activity glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity sn-1-glycerol-3-phosphate C16:0-DCA-CoA acyl transferase activity Cellular component integral component of membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane endoplasmic reticulum Biological process phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthetic process lipid biosynthetic process acyl-CoA metabolic process regulation of multicellular organism growth lipid metabolism fatty acid metabolic process mammary gland development diacylglycerol metabolic process phospholipid biosynthetic process glandular epithelial cell maturation phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process metabolism lactation triglyceride metabolic process triglyceride biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 137964 102247 Ensembl ENSG00000158669 ENSMUSG00000031545 UniProt Q86UL3 Q8K2C8 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_178819 NM_001363197 NM_001363198 NM_018743 RefSeq (protein) NP_848934 NP_001350126 NP_001350127 NP_061213 Location (UCSC) Chr 8: 41.58 – 41.63 Mb Chr 8: 23.66 – 23.7 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4 is a glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase that in humans is encoded by the GPAT4 gene. ^[5]

Function

GPAT4 is involved in the biosynthesis of triglycerides. ^[6] The majority of triglycerides are synthesised from glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P) via the addition of three fatty acyl-CoA substrates, which are made from fatty acids. The first of these additions is catalysed by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPATs: EC 2.3.1.15), including GPAT4, yielding lysophosphatidic acid. ^[7] GPAT4 has been shown to be important for lactation, with quantitative trait locus (QTL) for several milk production and composition traits observed at this locus in cattle. ^[8]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000158669 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031545 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "Entrez Gene: Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4" . Retrieved 2018-10-10.
6. Coleman RA, Lee DP (March 2004). "Enzymes of triacylglycerol synthesis and their regulation". Progress in Lipid Research. 43 (2): 134–76. doi:10.1016/S0163-7827(03)00051-1. PMID   14654091.
7. Chen YQ, Kuo MS, Li S, Bui HH, Peake DA, Sanders PE, Thibodeaux SJ, Chu S, Qian YW, Zhao Y, Bredt DS, Moller DE, Konrad RJ, Beigneux AP, Young SG, Cao G (April 2008). "AGPAT6 is a novel microsomal glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 283 (15): 10048–57. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M708151200 . PMC   2442282 . PMID   18238778.
8. Littlejohn MD, Tiplady K, Lopdell T, Law TA, Scott A, Harland C, Sherlock R, Henty K, Obolonkin V, Lehnert K, Macgibbon A, Spelman RJ, Davis SR, Snell RG (January 2014). "Expression Variants of the Lipogenic AGPAT6 Gene Affect Diverse Milk Composition Phenotypes in Bos taurus". PLOS ONE. 9 (1) e85757. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...985757L. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085757 . PMC   3897493 . PMID   24465687.

Further reading

• Tan XJ, Huang ZP, Li LY, Nie DS, Zhong CG, Fu JJ, Lu GX (April 2006). "Molecular cloning and preliminary function study of a novel human gene, TSARG7, related to spermatogenesis". Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 33 (4): 294–303. doi:10.1016/S0379-4172(06)60054-1. PMID   16625827.
• Shan D, Li JL, Wu L, Li D, Hurov J, Tobin JF, Gimeno RE, Cao J (July 2010). "GPAT3 and GPAT4 are regulated by insulin-stimulated phosphorylation and play distinct roles in adipogenesis". J. Lipid Res. 51 (7): 1971–81. doi: 10.1194/jlr.M006304 . PMC   2882735 . PMID   20181984.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.