Stephen Gerald Breyer is an American lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1994 until his retirement in 2022. He was nominated by President Bill Clinton,and replaced retiring justice Harry Blackmun. Breyer was generally associated with the liberal wing of the Court. He is now the Byrne Professor of Administrative Law and Process at Harvard Law School.
Griswold v. Connecticut,381 U.S. 479 (1965),was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that the Constitution of the United States protects the liberty of married couples to use contraceptives without government restriction. The case involved a Connecticut "Little Comstock Act" that prohibited any person from using "any drug,medicinal article or instrument for the purpose of preventing conception". The court held that the statute was unconstitutional,and that its effect was "to deny disadvantaged citizens ... access to medical assistance and up-to-date information in respect to proper methods of birth control." By a vote of 7–2,the Supreme Court invalidated the law on the grounds that it violated the "right to marital privacy",establishing the basis for the right to privacy with respect to intimate practices. This and other cases view the right to privacy as "protected from governmental intrusion".
Samuel Anthony Alito Jr. is an American jurist who serves as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. He was nominated to the high court by President George W. Bush on October 31,2005,and has served on it since January 31,2006. After Antonin Scalia,Alito is the second Italian American justice to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court.
Chief Justice Hamoodur Rahman,NI. HI,was a Pakistani Bengali jurist and an academic who served as the Chief Justices of Pakistan from 18 November 1968 until 31 October 1975.
Charles J. "Chuck" Cooper is an appellate attorney and litigator in Washington,D.C.,where he is a founding member and chairman of the law firm Cooper &Kirk,PLLC. He was named by The National Law Journal as one of the 10 best civil litigators in Washington. The New York Times described him as "one of Washington’s best-known lawyers." He has represented prominent American political figures,including Attorney General Jeff Sessions,in response to the alleged Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections;Attorney General John Ashcroft;and former National Security Adviser and United States Ambassador to the United Nations John Bolton.
Plyler v. Doe,457 U.S. 202 (1982),was a landmark decision in which the Supreme Court of the United States struck down both a state statute denying funding for education of undocumented immigrant children in the United States and an independent school district's attempt to charge an annual $1,000 tuition fee for each student to compensate for lost state funding. The Court found that any state restriction imposed on the rights afforded to children based on their immigration status must be examined under a rational basis standard to determine whether it furthers a substantial government interest.
Gonzaga University v. Doe,536 U.S. 273 (2002),was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974,which prohibits the federal government from funding educational institutions that release education records to unauthorized persons,does not create a right which is enforceable under 42 U.S.C. §1983.
Pamela T. Talkin is a former Marshal of the United States Supreme Court and the first woman to hold this position.
Robert Cooper Grier was an American jurist who served on the Supreme Court of the United States.
The Marshal of the United States Supreme Court heads the United States Supreme Court Police,a security police service answerable to the court itself rather than to the president or attorney general. They handle security for the Supreme Court building and for the justices personally.
Frisby v. Schultz,487 U.S. 474 (1988),was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States upheld the ordinance by the town of Brookfield,Wisconsin,preventing protest outside of a residential home. In a 6–3 decision,the Court ruled that the First Amendment rights to freedom of assembly and speech was not facially violated. The majority opinion,written by Justice Sandra Day O'Connor,concluded that the ordinance was constitutionally valid because it was narrowly tailored to meet a "substantial and justifiable" interest in the state;left open "ample alternative channels of communication";and was content-neutral.
Article I,Section 12 of the Constitution of the Northern Mariana Islands states that "abortion of the unborn child during the mother’s pregnancy is prohibited in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands,except as provided by law." No law has been passed legalizing abortion in the Northern Mariana Islands. Instead,Northern Mariana Islands criminal law states that performing an abortion is a crime punishable by up to five years imprisonment.
Army Corps of Engineers v. Hawkes Co.,578 U.S. ___ (2016),was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that a Clean Water Act jurisdictional determination issued by the United States Army Corps of Engineers is reviewable under the Administrative Procedure Act because jurisdictional determinations constitute "final agency action". For a federal agency decision or action to be reviewable in court under the Administrative Procedures Act,it must be a “final”agency action,meaning that there are no further steps that can be taken before it has an impact on the legal rights or obligations of any affected parties.
Jonathan Franklin Mitchell is an American lawyer,academic,and legal theorist who served as the Solicitor General of Texas from 2010 to 2015. He has argued seven cases before the Supreme Court of the United States. Mitchell has served on the faculties of Stanford Law School,the University of Texas School of Law,the George Mason University School of Law,and the University of Chicago Law School. In 2018,he opened a private solo legal practice in Austin,Texas.
Chicago Police Dept. v. Mosley,408 U.S. 92 (1972),was a United States Supreme Court case which concerned freedom of speech under the First Amendment. Oral argument for this case was consolidated with Grayned v. City of Rockford,but separate opinions were issued for each. Earl Mosley had protested employment discrimination by carrying a sign on the sidewalk in front of a Chicago high school,until the city of Chicago made it illegal to do so. Although Chicago believed that its ordinance was a time,place,or manner restriction,and therefore was a constitutional law,the Supreme Court ruled that it was a content-based restriction,because it treated labor-related protests differently from other protests. Since the ordinance did not meet the higher standards for content-based restrictions,it was ruled unconstitutional.
Chad Andrew Readler is an American lawyer who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. He previously served as a principal deputy and former acting assistant attorney general for the United States Department of Justice Civil Division.
Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization,597 U.S. 215 (2022),is a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the court held that the Constitution of the United States does not confer a right to abortion. The court's decision overruled both Roe v. Wade (1973) and Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992),returning to individual states the power to regulate any aspect of abortion not protected by federal statutory law.
Sackett v. Environmental Protection Agency,598 U.S. 651 (2023),also known as Sackett II,was a United States Supreme Court case related to the scope of the Clean Water Act.
