Galanchozh

Galanchozh Галанчож
Selo
Other transcription(s)
• Chechen	ГалайнчIаж
• ingush	Галайчlож
Location of Galanchozh
Galanchozh Location of Galanchozh Show map of Russia Galanchozh Galanchozh (Chechnya) Show map of Chechnya
Coordinates: 42°52′04″N45°18′37″E / 42.86778°N 45.31028°E / 42.86778; 45.31028
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Chechnya
Elevation	1,500 m (4,900 ft)
Population  (2010 Census) [1]
• Total	0
• Estimate  (2021) [2]	0
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	Urus-Martanovsky District

Galanchozh, ^{[lower-alpha 1]} formerly Akhbosoy, ^{[lower-alpha 2]} is a non-residential rural locality (a selo ) in Urus-Martanovsky District of the Republic of Chechnya, Russia.

Administrative and municipal status

Municipally, Galanchozh is incorporated into Gekhi-Chuyskoye rural settlement. It is one of the three settlements included in it.

Until 31 December 2019, Galanchozh was included in Achkhoy-Martanovsky District, but on 1 January 2020 - was transferred to the control of Urus-Martanovsky District.

At the same time, Galanchozh is the administrative center of Galanchozhsky District. The district is formally restored, but it is not a part of the administrative-territorial structure of the Chechen Republic.

Geography

The village of Galanchozh on the map of the Ingush district in 1853.

The village of Galanchozh on the map of the Ingush district in 1869.

The village Galanchozh on the map of Sunzhensky (Ingush) otdel in 1892

Map of Urus-Martanovsky District with Gekhi-Chu rural settlement highlighted. Aka-Bass is in the south

Aka-Bass is located in the center of Galanchozhsky District, on the left bank of the Osu-Khi river. It is located less than 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) north-west from Lake Galanchozh. It is 60 kilometres (37 mi) south-west of the city of Grozny.

The closest settlements and ruins to Aka-Bass are 'Amka to the north-west, Körga to the north-east, Ker-Bi-Te and 'Amye to the south-east, Chikondi-Pkhäda and Äkka to the south-west, and Ittar-Källa to the west. ^[3]

History

Aka-Bass before it was abandoned in 1944.

There's a possibility that the German historian and ethnographer Julius Klaproth may have named Galanchozh among other Ingush villages in the beginning of 19th century. ^[4]

According to the Regulations on the management of the Terek Oblast in 1862, the Ingushskiy Okrug was established as part of the Western Department. It included societies of Nazranians, Karabulaks, Galgai, Kistins, Akkins and Tsorins ^[5] (also Meredzhin society and some Galanchozh and Yalkharoy auls). ^[6] The village of Galanchozh was part of the Gorsky section of the Ingush district. ^[6] In 1866 the village of Galanchozh (Meredzhi society, some Galanchozh, Yalkharoy auls and Akkin society) was ceded to the Argunskiy Okrug  [ ru ] due to them belonging to the same nation as the locals (Chechen) and geographically closer to the central governance of the Okrug. ^[7]

In 1929, a rebel government was established in Aka-Bass against the Bolshevik government in the mountains of Chechnya. During the next wave of resistance, a provisional rebel government was established in 1940 by members of the local armed forces.

In 1942, the Soviet Air Force carried out two large-scale bombings in the Chechen mountains, and Galanchozhsky District was particularly hard-hit by the attacks.

In 1944, after the ethnic cleansing and deportation of the Chechen and Ingush people and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was abolished, the aul of Aka-Bass was abandoned and destroyed.

In 1957, after the Vaynakh people returned and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was restored, former residents of Galanchozhsky District were forbidden to resettle there. As a result, most former residents of Aka-Bass resettled in the flat lands of the republic, mostly in the Achkhoy-Martanovsky, Sernovodsky and Groznensky districts. ^[8]

In 2019, Aka-Bass was named as one of the first settlements in Galanchozhsky District to be rebuilt in order to resettle the area. ^{[9] [10]}

Demographics

National censuses done by the Russian empire and the Soviet Union in 1874,1883,1891,1914 and 1926 showed that all of the inhabitants of Galanchozh and its surrounding villages were ethnic Chechens in all 5 censuses. ^{[11] [12] [13] [14] [15]}

Infrastructure

On 31 August 2019, the newly rebuilt mosque in Aka-Bass was opened. ^[16] The mosque stands on the very same place that the old mosque stood before it was destroyed in 1944. However, there was still no permanent population in Aka-Bass at this time.

Notes

1. 
    • Russian: Галанчож, romanized: Galanchozh
    • Chechen: ГалайнчIаж, romanized: Galaynchazh
2. 
    • Russian: Ахбосой, romanized: Akhbosoy
    • Chechen: Акха-Басс, romanized: Aqa-Bass

References

1. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
2. "Таблица 5. Численность населения России, федеральных округов, субъектов Российской Федерации, городских округов, муниципальных районов, муниципальных округов, городских и сельских поселений, городских населенных пунктов, сельских населенных пунктов с населением 3000 человек и более". Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года
3. "Detailed map of Chechnya and Ingushetia". www.topomapper.com.
4. Волкова 1974, p. 160.
5. Сборник документов и материалов 2020, pp. 255–257.
6. Сборник статистических сведений о Кавказе 1869, p. 45.
7. https://viewer.rusneb.ru/ru/000200_000018_RU_NLR_BIBL_A_012304072?page=3&rotate=0&theme=white
8. "Дорога в Галанчож | Информационное агентство "Грозный-Информ"". www.grozny-inform.ru.
9. Узел, Кавказский. "Власти Чечни отрапортовали о более чем 6500 желающих переехать в Галанчожский район". Кавказский Узел.
10. Kosumov, Lom-Ali. "В Галанчожском районе Чечни продолжается строительство дорожных коммуникаций". ЧГТРК "Грозный".
11. https://viewer.rusneb.ru/ru/000200_000018_v19_rc_1224684?page=32&rotate=0&theme=white
12. "Statistical tables of populated areas of the Terek region / ed. Tersk. stat. com. ed. Evg. Maksimov. — Vladikavkaz, 1890—1891. — 7 t. p. 60". Archived from the original on 2019-05-22. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
13. "Settled results of the 1926 census in the North Caucasus region — Don State Public". Archived from the original on 2021-10-20. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
14. https://viewer.rusneb.ru/ru/000200_000018_v19_rc_1519880?page=64&rotate=0&theme=white
15. http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/46057-spisok-naselennyh-mest-terskoy-oblasti-po-dannym-k-1-mu-iyulya-1914-goda-vladikavkaz-1915#mode/inspect/page/175/zoom/9
16. Kosumov, Lom-Ali. "В Галанчожском районе после восстановления открылась мечеть". ЧГТРК "Грозный".

Bibliography

• Волкова, Н.Г. (1974). Этнический состав населения Северного Кавказа в XVIII — начале XX века [Ethnic composition of the population of the North Caucasus in the 18th - early 20th centuries] (in Russian). Москва: Наука. pp. 1–276.
• Ингушетия в политике Российской империи на Кавказе. XIX век. Сборник документов и материалов[Ingushetia in the policy of the Russian Empire in the Caucasus. XIX century. Collection of documents and materials] (in Russian). Ростов-на-Дону: Южный издательский дом. 2020. pp. 1–760. ISBN   978-5-98864-060-8.
• Список горских аулов Кубанской и Терской областей [List of mountain villages of the Kuban and Terek regions] (in Russian). Тифлис: Типография Главного Управления Наместника Кавказского; типогрфия Меликова и К. 1869. pp. 41–52 (418–429 PDF). – Сборник статистических сведений о Кавказе / Сост. и ред. Н. И. Воронов, Кавказский отдел Императорского русского географического общества