Disability is the experience of any condition that makes it more difficult for a person to do certain activities or have equitable access within a given society. Disabilities may be cognitive,developmental,intellectual,mental,physical,sensory,or a combination of multiple factors. Disabilities can be present from birth or can be acquired during a person's lifetime. Historically,disabilities have only been recognized based on a narrow set of criteria—however,disabilities are not binary and can be present in unique characteristics depending on the individual. A disability may be readily visible,or invisible in nature.
Sir Thomas Clarke,is a British Labour Party politician who was a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1982 until 2015,representing Coatbridge,Chryston and Bellshill from 2005 until losing his seat to Philip Boswell of the SNP in the May 2015 general election.
Special education is the practice of educating students in a way that accommodates their individual differences,disabilities,and special needs. This involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures,adapted equipment and materials,and accessible settings. These interventions are designed to help individuals with special needs achieve a higher level of personal self-sufficiency and success in school and in their community,which may not be available if the student were only given access to a typical classroom education.
The social model of disability identifies systemic barriers,derogatory attitudes,and social exclusion,which make it difficult or impossible for disabled people to attain their valued functionings. The social model of disability diverges from the dominant medical model of disability,which is a functional analysis of the body as a machine to be fixed in order to conform with normative values. While physical,sensory,intellectual,or psychological variations may result in individual functional differences,these do not necessarily have to lead to disability unless society fails to take account of and include people intentionally with respect to their individual needs. The origin of the approach can be traced to the 1960s,and the specific term emerged from the United Kingdom in the 1980s.
Care in the Community is a British policy of deinstitutionalisation,treating and caring for physically and mentally disabled people in their homes rather than in an institution. Institutional care was the target of widespread criticism during the 1960s and 1970s,but it was not until 1983 that the government of Margaret Thatcher adopted a new policy of care after the Audit Commission published a report called 'Making a Reality of Community Care' which outlined the advantages of domiciliary care.
Disability studies is an academic discipline that examines the meaning,nature,and consequences of disability. Initially,the field focused on the division between "impairment" and "disability",where impairment was an impairment of an individual's mind or body,while disability was considered a social construct. This premise gave rise to two distinct models of disability:the social and medical models of disability. In 1999 the social model was universally accepted as the model preferred by the field. However,in recent years,the division between the social and medical models has been challenged. Additionally,there has been an increased focus on interdisciplinary research. For example,recent investigations suggest using "cross-sectional markers of stratification" may help provide new insights on the non-random distribution of risk factors capable of acerbating disablement processes.
Freedom Pass is a concessionary travel scheme,which began in 1973,to provide free travel to residents of Greater London,England,for people with a disability or over the progressively increasing women's state pension age. The scheme is funded by local authorities and coordinated by London Councils. Originally the pass was a paper ticket,but since 2004 it has been encoded on to a contactless smartcard compatible with Oyster card readers.
Sheffield City Council is the local authority for the City of Sheffield,a metropolitan borough with city status in South Yorkshire,England. The council consists of 84 councillors,elected to represent 28 wards,each with three councillors. It is currently under no overall control,with Labour,the Liberal Democrats and the Green Party each holding chair positions in a proportionate number of committees.
North Yorkshire Council is the unitary authority which governs the non-metropolitan county of North Yorkshire,within the larger ceremonial county of North Yorkshire,in England. North Yorkshire was a two-tier non-metropolitan county from 1974 to 2023,when North Yorkshire Council was a county council called North Yorkshire County Council. On 1 April 2023 the seven lower-tier districts of the county were abolished and their functions taken over by the new unitary authority.
Sexuality and disability is a topic regarding the sexual behavior and practices of people with disabilities. Like the general population,these individuals exhibit a wide range of sexual desires and adopt diverse methods of expressing their sexuality. It is a widespread concern,however,that many people with disabilities do not receive comprehensive sex education,which could otherwise positively contribute to their sexual lives. This roots from the idea that people with disabilities are asexual in nature and are not sexually active. Although some people with disabilities identify as asexual,generalizing this label to all such individuals is a misconception. Many people with disabilities lack rights and privileges that would enable them to have intimacy and relationships. When it comes to sexuality and disability there is a sexual discourse that surrounds it. The intersection of sexuality and disability is often associated with victimization,abuse,and purity.
Disability hate crime is a form of hate crime involving the use of violence against people with disabilities. This is not only violence in a physical sense,but also includes other hostile acts,such as the repeated blocking of disabled access and verbal abuse. These hate crimes are associated with prejudice against a disability,or a denial of equal rights for disabled people. It is viewed politically as an extreme form of ableism,or disablism. This phenomenon can take many forms,from verbal abuse and intimidatory behaviour to vandalism,assault,or even murder. Although data are limited studies appear to show that verbal abuse and harassment are the most common. Disability hate crimes may take the form of one-off incidents,or may represent systematic abuse which continues over periods of weeks,months,or even years. Disabled parking places,wheelchair access areas and other facilities are frequently a locus for disability hate. Instead of seeing access areas as essential for equity,they are seen instead as 'special treatment',unjustifiable by status,and so a 'reason' for acting aggressively. Denial of access thus demonstrates a prejudice against equal rights for disabled people;such actions risk actual bodily harm as well as limiting personal freedom.
Cherylee Martina Houston is a British actress. She grew up in Morecambe,Lancashire,in the United Kingdom. She is currently playing Izzy Armstrong in Coronation Street,a role she has portrayed since April 2010. She also plays Maz in the ongoing BBC Radio 4 series Tinsel Girl.
Patient abuse or patient neglect is any action or failure to act which causes unreasonable suffering,misery or harm to the patient. Elder abuse is classified as patient abuse of those older than 60 and forms a large proportion of patient abuse.
The Winterbourne View hospital inquiry occurred at Winterbourne View,a private hospital at Hambrook,South Gloucestershire,England,owned and operated by Castlebeck. A Panorama investigation,broadcast on television in 2011,exposed the physical and psychological abuse suffered by people with learning disabilities and challenging behaviour at the hospital.
Personal Independence Payment is a welfare benefit in the United Kingdom that is intended to help working age adults with the extra costs of living with a health condition or a disability.
The Yorkshire Party is a regionalist political party in Yorkshire,a historic county of England. The party,which was founded in 2014,campaigns for the establishment of a devolved Yorkshire Parliament within the United Kingdom,with powers over education,environment,transportation and housing.
Marie Elizabeth Rimmer,is a British Labour Party politician. She has previously been a local councillor for St Helens Metropolitan Borough Council in Merseyside,England,and has served as Labour leader of the council three times between 1978 and 2014. She has recently been the Member of Parliament (MP) for St Helens South and Whiston since 2015.
Simon Duffy is a British welfare rights researcher,philosopher,activist and co-founder of Citizen Network and the Centre for Welfare Reform.
Selby and District DIAL was an independent,regional charity which offered help and advice to people with disabilities,caregivers,family and concerned professionals. Based in the town of Selby,its remit covered the Selby District of North Yorkshire in England,with a population of 83,449 at the 2011 Census.
Paul Darke CF is a British academic,artist,disability rights activist and whistleblower. Darke is an expert on disability in film and politics.
