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Type | Dual Listed Limited Company |
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JSE: GML / LSE: GEM | |
Industry | Mining and Jewellery |
Founded | 2007 |
Headquarters | |
Key people | [1] |
Products | Coloured gemstones |
Revenue | USD 341 million(2022) [2] |
USD 116.5 million(2022) [2] | |
USD 74.3 million(2022) [2] | |
Total assets | USD 774 million(2022) [2] |
Total equity | USD 581 million(2022) [2] |
Number of employees | 1,334 [2] |
Website |
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Footnotes /references [3] [4] |
Gemfields Group Ltd (formerly Pallinghurst Resources Limited) is a British mining company incorporated in Guernsey and headquartered in London, United Kingdom, and is a supplier of coloured gemstones. [5] The company specializes in the mining, processing and sale of coloured gemstones, in particular emeralds and rubies. The group sells rough, uncut gemstones and does not operate any cutting and polishing facilities. The company owns the Kagem emerald mine in Zambia and the Montepuez ruby mine in Mozambique. Gemfields produces around 25% of the world's emerald supply and around 50% of the world's ruby supply. [6] [7]
In addition to the gemstone mining and production assets the Group also owns and operates the Fabergé luxury brand.
Gemfields holds additional stakes in companies based in Zambia, Mozambique, Ethiopia and Madagascar. It also holds an indirect minority stake of 6.5% in platinum-group metals producer Sedibelo Platinum Mines Limited.
In May 2017, Gemfields Group Limited (then called Pallinghurst Resources Limited) announced the terms of an offer to acquire the entire issued, and to be issued, share capital of Gemfields Ltd (then known as Gemfields plc and listed on AIM), other than the Gemfields Ltd shares already held by Gemfields Group Limited at that time, which was approximately 47%. Under the terms of the offer, each Gemfields Ltd shareholder was entitled to receive 1.91 Gemfields Group Ltd shares for each Gemfields Ltd share. The acquisition completed in late 2017 and Pallinghurst Resources Limited changed its name to Gemfields Group Limited following its annual general meeting in June 2018. Gemfields Ltd thereby became a 100% subsidiary of Gemfields Group Limited.
In February 2020, Gemfields Group Limited relisted on London's AIM stock exchange. The company is currently dual listed on the JSE and AIM.
In July 2009, Gemfields Ltd held its first emerald auction. To date, the company has held 38 auctions of rough emerald and beryl produced from Kagem which have generated revenues totalling USD 712 million.
In June 2014, Gemfields plc held its first auction of rubies and corundum from the Montepuez Ruby Mine in Singapore. To date, the company has held 14 auctions of ruby and corundum produced by Montepuez Ruby Mining Limitada (MRM) and which have generated revenues totalling USD 643 million. [8]
In 2019, Gemfields paid £5.8 million to settle a lawsuit in relation to allegations of human rights abuses against Mozambican and foreign nationals on or around the Montepuez Ruby Mine. The allegations included beatings, shootings, and sexual assault. [9]
Gemfields has a special designation for gemstone auction participants who build a track record of winning lots at its auctions. These companies are termed "Gemfields Authorised Auction Partners" and enter into bilateral agreements with Gemfields in relation to that status. Such companies can then use the associated branding & identity in promotional and sales materials. [10]
Gemfields owns the Kagem emerald mine in Zambia which is responsible for approximately 25% of the world's emerald supply. [11] The pit is around 140 m (460 ft) deep, exposing one concordant and four discordant pegmatites over a strike length of 1,000 metres (3,300 ft). [4] Gemfields own 75% of the mine while the remaining 25% stake is held by the Zambian government in Lusaka via the Industrial Development Corporation of Zambia.
The Kagem mine is the first emerald mine in the world to be assessed against Eco-Age’s Green Carpet Challenge (GCC) Principles of Sustainable Excellence. [12]
Notable emeralds found in the Kagem deposit include the ‘Inkalamu’, the Lion Emerald, a 5,655 carat Zambian emerald crystal with remarkable clarity and a perfectly balanced golden green hue. [13]
Gemfields Ltd acquired a 75% stake in the Montepuez ruby deposit in Mozambique in February 2012. The Montepuez ruby deposit is located in the northeast of Mozambique in the Cabo Delgado Province. Covering approximately 35,000 hectares (86,000 acres). [14]
Large rubies of note found in the Montepuez deposit are the Rhino Ruby (40.23 carats), [15] and the Eyes of the Dragon (45 carats). [16]
Montepuez residents have accused private security contractors employed by the Montepuez Ruby Mine of perpetrating acts of violence against local community members. The allegations include robberies, shootings of illegal miners, arson of local homes to clear area for mining, and in one case, burying an illegal miner alive. [17]
In February 2020, a pit-wall collapse at the Montepuez Ruby Mine killed eleven illegal miners. [18]
Gemfields plc (now called Gemfields Ltd) acquired Fabergé Limited on 28 January 2013. At the time of the announcement of the deal, this valued the brand at approximately USD 142 million. [19] [20]
Gemfields owns Oriental Mining SARL, a company incorporated in Madagascar. [21] Oriental has 9 exploration licences covering emeralds, rubies, sapphires, tourmalines and garnets in Madagascar. [22]
Gemfields owns 75% of Web Gemstone Mining, PLC, with a mining co-operative of local villagers owning 15% and Mazengia Demma owning the remaining 10%. The company holds a 200-square-kilometre emerald exploration license in southern Ethiopia. Exploration activity began in June 2015 in an area to the north of the licence, called the Dogogo Block. The area was selected based on favourable geological settings and evidence of past artisanal activity. [23]
Web Gemstone Mining halted all operations when, on 31 July 2018, an armed mob attacked and breached the sort house and strong room, and looted all emerald stock, equipment and materials. [24]
During the mining process, the mines are prepared for backfilling, to reduce the environmental impact and allow for faster ecological restoration. [25]
Source: [26]
Emerald is a gemstone and a variety of the mineral beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored green by trace amounts of chromium or sometimes vanadium. Beryl has a hardness of 7.5–8 on the Mohs scale. Most emeralds have lots of material trapped inside during the gem's formation, so their toughness (resistance to breakage) is classified as generally poor. Emerald is a cyclosilicate.
Sapphire is a precious gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, consisting of aluminium oxide (α-Al2O3) with trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, cobalt, lead, chromium, vanadium, magnesium, boron, and silicon. The name sapphire is derived via the Latin sapphirus from the Greek sappheiros (σάπφειρος), which referred to lapis lazuli. It is typically blue, but natural "fancy" sapphires also occur in yellow, purple, orange, and green colors; "parti sapphires" show two or more colors. Red corundum stones also occur, but are called rubies rather than sapphires. Pink-colored corundum may be classified either as ruby or sapphire depending on locale. Commonly, natural sapphires are cut and polished into gemstones and worn in jewelry. They also may be created synthetically in laboratories for industrial or decorative purposes in large crystal boules. Because of the remarkable hardness of sapphires – 9 on the Mohs scale (the third hardest mineral, after diamond at 10 and moissanite at 9.5) – sapphires are also used in some non-ornamental applications, such as infrared optical components, high-durability windows, wristwatch crystals and movement bearings, and very thin electronic wafers, which are used as the insulating substrates of special-purpose solid-state electronics such as integrated circuits and GaN-based blue LEDs. Sapphire is the birthstone for September and the gem of the 45th anniversary. A sapphire jubilee occurs after 65 years.
Zambia is a developing country, and it achieved middle-income status in 2011. Through the first decade of the 21st century, the economy of Zambia was one of the fastest-growing economies in Africa, and its capital, Lusaka, the fastest-growing city in the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Zambia's economic performance has stalled in recent years due to declining copper prices, significant fiscal deficits, and energy shortages.
A ruby is a pinkish red to blood-red colored gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum. Ruby is one of the most popular traditional jewelry gems and is very durable. Other varieties of gem-quality corundum are called sapphires. Ruby is one of the traditional cardinal gems, alongside amethyst, sapphire, emerald, and diamond. The word ruby comes from ruber, Latin for red. The color of a ruby is due to the element chromium.
Rubyvale is a rural town and locality in the Central Highlands Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2016 census, the town of Rubyvale had a population of 640 people.
Kalulushi is a town in the Copperbelt Province in north central Zambia. It is located on the M18 Road, just west of Kitwe. Municipal (district) population 75,806 at the 2000 census. Kalulushi emerged as a planned company town with the development of mining Companies in the mid-20th century - initially housing the main offices for the Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines. Economic activity in Kalulushi declined severely with the closure of 2 Shaft and 7 Shaft Mining sites.
The House of Fabergé was a jewellery firm founded in 1842 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, by Gustav Faberge, using the accented name Fabergé. Gustav's sons – Peter Carl and Agathon – and grandsons followed him in running the business until it was nationalised by the Bolsheviks in 1918. The firm was famous for designing elaborate jewel-encrusted Fabergé eggs for the Russian Tsars, and for a range of other work of high quality and intricate detail. In 1924, Peter Carl's sons Alexander and Eugène Fabergé opened a firm called Fabergé & Cie in Paris, France, making similar jewellery items and adding the name of the city to their firm's stamp, styling it FABERGÉ, PARIS.
Fabergé is a brand name that was inspired by the House of Fabergé jewellery firm, which had been founded in 1842 in Russia. The name was used for various personal care products that were manufactured under the direction of Samuel Rubin, and then by George Barrie. The Fabergé company was sold by Barrie in 1984, and was subsequently acquired by Unilever in 1989.
ZCCM Investments Holdings is a successor company to Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines Limited, of Zambia.
Eurasian Natural Resources Corporation PLC (ENRC) was a public, Kazakhstan/Central African-focused, multinational leading diversified natural resources company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It had activities in integrated mining, processing, energy, logistics and marketing.
The mining industry of Botswana has dominated the national economy of Botswana since the 1970s. Diamond has been the leading component of the mineral sector since large-scale diamond production began in 1972 by Debswana. Most of Botswana's diamond production is of gem quality, resulting in the country's position as the world's leading producer of diamond by value. Copper, gold, nickel, coal and soda ash production also has held significant, though smaller, roles in the economy.
The mineral industry of Mozambique plays a significant role in the world's production of aluminium, beryllium, and tantalum. In 2006, Mozambique's share of the world's tantalum mine output amounted to 6%; beryllium, 5%; and aluminium, 2%. Other domestically significant mineral processing operations included cement and natural gas.
Emeralds are green and sometime green with a blueish-tint precious gemstones that are mined in various geological settings. They are minerals in the beryl group of silicates. For more than 4,000 years, emeralds have been among the most valuable of all jewels. Colombia, located in northern South America, is the country that mines and produces the most emeralds for the global market, as well as the most desirable. It is estimated that Colombia accounts for 70–90% of the world's emerald market. While commercial grade emeralds are quite plentiful, fine and extra fine quality emeralds are extremely rare. Colombian emeralds over 50 carat can cost much more than diamonds of the same size.
Lesedi La Rona, formerly known in media as Karowe AK6 or as Quad 1 by the personnel at the mine, is the fourth-largest diamond ever found, and the third-largest of gem quality. It was found in the Karowe mine, in Botswana on 16 November 2015.
Abdoulaye "Gounass" Ndiaye is a Senegalese businessman and entrepreneur based in Kitwe, Zambia.
Frédéric Zaavy was a Parisian jeweller. He created his most famous pieces for the Fabergé brand.