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Naval officer ranks |
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Flag officers |
Senior officers |
Junior officers |
General admiral or Admiral general was first a Dutch then Danish, German, Russian, Portuguese, Spanish and Swedish naval rank. Its historic origin is a title high military or naval dignitaries of early modern Europe sometimes held, for example the (nominal) commander-in-chief of the Dutch Republic's navy (usually the Prince of Orange).
In Denmark, the General Admiral (Danish : Generaladmiral) was the term for the commander-in-chief of the Dano-Norwegian navy. The rank below the General Admiral was Lieutenant General Admiral (Danish : Generaladmiralløjtnant). [1]
Portrait | Name (birth–death) | Term of office | Ref. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Appointed | Dismissed | Time in office | |||
Cort Adeler (1622–1675) | 1665 | 5 November 1675 † | 9–10 years | [2] | |
Cornelis Tromp (1629–1691) | 8 May 1676 | 1678 | 1–2 years | [3] | |
Jens Juel (1631–1700) | 21 October 1699 | 17 April 1700 | 178 days | [4] | |
Ulrik Christian Gyldenløve, Count of Samsø (1678–1719) | 4 May 1700 | 8 December 1719 † | 19 years, 235 days | [5] |
General admiral Generaladmiral | |
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Country | Nazi Germany |
Service branch | Kriegsmarine |
Abbreviation | GenAdm |
Rank group | Flag officer |
Formation | 1936 |
Abolished | 1945 |
Next higher rank | Großadmiral |
Next lower rank | Admiral |
Equivalent ranks | Generaloberst |
In the German Kriegsmarine of the Second World War, Generaladmiral was a rank senior to an Admiral, but junior to a Großadmiral. Generaladmiral was a four-star admiral rank, equivalent to a full admiral in the British and American navies. In the traditional German ranking system until World War II, an admiral was equivalent to a British or American vice admiral.
The sleeve insignia for a Generaladmiral was the same as that of a regular admiral, being a thick rank stripe below three regular stripes ( Kolbenringe in German naval parlance). Generaladmirals wore a third pip on their shoulder boards to differentiate them from regular admirals. The German Army and Air Force equivalent of Generaladmiral was the rank colonel general (Generaloberst).
In 1943, a directive was issued that should the Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine ("commander of the navy") hold the rank of Generaladmiral, he would wear the sleeve insignia of a grand admiral, but the shoulder boards of a Generaladmiral.
A similar practice was used in the German Army, allowing colonel generals to wear four pips on the shoulder board when engaged in duties befitting a field marshal.
The rank of Generaladmiral was first given to the future grand admiral Erich Raeder on 20 April 1936.
Other holders of the rank were:
Notably, Karl Dönitz was promoted to grand admiral without becoming a Generaladmiral first.
junior rank Admiral | (Ranks Kriegsmarine) Generaladmiral | senior rank Großadmiral |
General-admiral (Russian : генера́л-адмира́л) was the highest rank of the Imperial Russian Navy as established by the Table of Ranks and equivalent to field marshal. This was purely an honorific rank and for much of its existence, it was awarded only to a person on active duty, usually for the head of the naval department, and typically a descendant of the Romanov royal family.
There were only ten holders of this rank:
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The general admiral rank was abolished with the fall of the Empire and was not revived when rank distinctions were reintroduced during 1935–40. The rank of admiral of the fleet of the Soviet Union can be considered as a modern equivalent.
Almirante general is a rank in the Spanish Navy that is above an admiral, but subordinate to a captain general.
Almirante-general was the highest rank in the Portuguese Navy, from 1808 to 1812 and again, from 1892 to 1910. It was the naval equivalent to the rank of marechal-general ("general field marshal") of the Portuguese Army.
The rank was initially introduced in 1808, to be assigned to the commander-in-chief of the navy. The almirante-general had similar functions to those of the former capitão-general da armada (captain general of the navy) which had been extinguished in 1796 and whose functions passed to the Board of the Admiralty. The rank was only given to Infante Pedro Carlos de Bragança, being extinguished when he died in 1812.
In 1892, the almirante-general rank was reintroduced as a mere ceremonial rank to be held by the King of Portugal in his constitutional function of supreme commander of the navy. As supreme commander of the army, the king also held the ceremonial rank of marechal-general. The last holder of the rank was King Manuel II.
Generalamiral is the highest rank of admiral that has existed in the Swedish Navy, created by Charles XI in the name of Admiral General (Amiralgeneral). Gustav III revived the rank in 1780, and the same year issued instructions for the General Admiral, which alone was the King in Council's responsible for naval existence and betterment. The rank has been held by Henrik af Trolle (1780–84), Carl August Ehrensvärd (1792–94), Johan af Puke (1812), Victor von Stedingk (1818) and Rudolf Cederström (1823–28). [6]
"Admiral General" Aladeen from The Dictator (2012) is a parody of leaders who appoint themselves grandiose military ranks.
HDMS Najaden was a frigate of the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy, which she served from 1796 until the British captured her in 1807. While in Dano-Norwegian service she participated in an action at Tripoli, North Africa. She served the Royal Navy as the fifth rate HMS Nyaden from 1808 until 1812 when she was broken up. During her brief British service she participated in some small attacks in the Barents Sea during the Anglo-Russian War.
Jens Schou Fabricius was the Norwegian appointed Minister of the Navy 1817–1818. He served as a representative for Søe-Deffensionen at the Norwegian Constitutional Assembly at Eidsvoll in 1814. During his naval career he served first the Danish Crown until the separation in 1814 of Norway from Denmark, and thereafter the Norwegian-Swedish Crown. Fabricius retired from the navy as a vice admiral.
The Admiral Danish Fleet (ADMDANFLT) was the operationally supreme organisation of the Royal Danish Navy between 1 January 1991 and 30 September 2014.
Frederik Christian Kaas was a Danish naval officer and landowner. He served as the governor of the Royal Danish Naval Academy from 1770 to 1781.
The name of Steen Andersen Bille is closely associated with one extended Bille family of Danish naval officers over several generations.
Lorentz Fisker (1753–1819) was a Danish naval officer who charted the waters of southern Norway and the Kattegat, and organised Norwegian defences against Britain and Sweden.
Battle of Rügen was a major naval battle fought on August 8, 1715 off Jasmund on the Swedish island of Rügen during the Great Northern War.
HDMS Elephanten was a ship of the line of the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy that served from 1703 to 1728. There were three other Danish ships-of-the line of the same name, dating from 1684, 1741 and 1773. The ship was sometimes referred to as Nye Elefant to differentiate from others of similar name. For much of her service career, which coincided with the Great Northern War, Elephanten was the flagship of the Danish fleet active in the Baltic Sea.
The Secretary of War was from 1688 the administrative leader of the military in Denmark-Norway. In 1736, it was divided into separate offices for the Army and the Navy and was dissolved as part of Johann Friedrich Struensee's administrative reforms in 1770.
The Chief of the Royal Danish Navy is the professional head of the Royal Danish Navy.
Admiral of the Realm was a military and political title given to nobles in Denmark-Norway, Sweden and Holy Roman Empire.
HDMS Friderichsværn was a Danish frigate built at Nyeholm, Copenhagen, in 1783. The British Royal Navy captured her in 1807 and took her into service as HMS Frederickscoarn. It sold her in 1814.
Ernst Wilhelm Stibolt was a Danish naval officer and ship builder, who served in the French navy for four years. and became a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters.
The family name Stibolt was closely associated with the Danish-Norwegian navy of the 18th century and with the island of Christiansø from the time that Hans Anderson Stibolt was appointed commandant of those most easterly islands of Denmark. His three sons all held naval officer rank, as did many of the subsequent generations, serving with a varied amount of success. Three generations held the post of Commandant on Christiansø.
The Naval Blockade of Reval was a blockade of the Russian fleet in the harbour of Reval in the summer of 1726 by a joint force of British and Danish ships.
HDMS Justitia was a Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy ship-of-the-line, built to a design by Henrik Gerner. Although launched in 1777, she was not fully commissioned until 1780. The British Royal Navy seized her in 1807, together with the rest of the Danish fleet after the second battle of Copenhagen. The British never commissioned Justitia. A renaming to Orford in 1809 was cancelled. She was broken up in 1817.
HDMS Justitia was a ship-of-the-line designed by Ole Judichaer built at Nyholm, Copenhagen for the Royal Danish-Norwegian Navy.
Edouard Suenson (1805-1887) was a Danish vice admiral known for his participation in the First and Second Schleswig War, and served as the main Danish commander at the Battle of Heligoland in the latter.
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