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Belarus, officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Belarus spans an area of 207,600 square kilometres (80,200 sq mi) with a population of 9.1 million. The country has a hemiboreal climate and is administratively divided into six regions. Minsk is the capital and largest city; it is administered separately as a city with special status.
The Government of the Republic of Belarus, which consists of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus, is the executive branch of state power in Belarus, and is appointed by the President of Belarus. The head of the Government is the President of Belarus, who manages the main agenda of the government and direct the ministers. The National Assembly of Belarus is the continuation of the Supreme Soviet of the BSSR and acts as the functioning parliament for Belarus.
Alexander Grigoryevich Lukashenko is a Belarusian politician who has been the first and to date, only president of Belarus since the office's establishment in 1994, making him the current longest-serving head of state in Europe.
The Union State is a supranational union consisting of Belarus and Russia, with the stated aim of deepening the relationship between the two states through integration in economic and defence policy. Originally, the Union State aimed to create a confederation; however, both countries currently retain their independence.
Belarus elects on national level a head of state—the president—and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people. The National Assembly has two chambers. The House of Representatives has 110 members elected in single-seat constituencies elected for a four-year term. The Council of the Republic has 64 members, 56 members indirectly elected and eight members appointed by the president.
The National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Belarus is one of many national Olympic committees that make up the International Olympic Committee (IOC). Created in 1991, the NOC RB, was charged with selecting athletes to represent Belarus in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games, enforcing anti-doping laws and promoting sporting activity inside Belarus. The current president of the NOC RB is Victor Lukashenko, the son of the current President of Belarus, Alexander Lukashenko.
The president of the Republic of Belarus is the head of state and head of government of Belarus. The office was created in 1994 with the passing of the Constitution of Belarus by the Supreme Council. This replaced the office of Chairman of the Supreme Council as the head of state. The tasks of the president include executing foreign and domestic policy, defending the rights and general welfare of citizens and residents, and upholding the Constitution. The president is mandated by the Constitution to serve as a leader in the social affairs of the country and to act as its main representative abroad. The duties, responsibilities and other transitional clauses dealing with the presidency are listed in Chapter Three, Articles 79 through 89, of the Constitution.
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Presidential elections were held in Belarus on 23 June 1994, with a second round on 10 July. They were the first national elections held in Belarus since the country seceded from the Soviet Union three years earlier. The result was an overwhelming victory for Alexander Lukashenko, who received 81% of the vote in the second round. Voter turnout was 79% in the first round and 71% in the second.
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The Security Council of Belarus is an interdepartmental body with a mandate to ensure the security of the Republic of Belarus. It considers internal and external affairs of the state with regard to the interest of maintaining security and defense. The Council was established upon the adoption of Resolution +1249 on 15 November 1991. The current Secretary of the Council is Alexander Volfovich.
Ural Ramdrakovich Latypov is a Belarusian jurist, diplomat and politician.
Sergei Nikolayevich Rumas is a Belarusian politician and economist who served as Prime Minister of Belarus from 18 August 2018 to 3 June 2020.
The Chief of Staff to the President of Belarus also known as the Head of the Presidential Administration is the head of the Presidential Administration of Belarus. The position was created by President Lukashenko in July 1994. The Chief of Staff is responsible for general management of presidential activity. The incumbent Chief of Staff is Dmitry Krutoi, who assumed the position in June 2024.
Roman Alexandrovich Golovchenko is a Belarusian politician who has served as Prime Minister of Belarus since 4 June 2020.
The Chairman of the All-Belarusian People's Assembly is the chief executive of the All-Belarusian People's Assembly. Among the most powerful positions in Belarus since its 2024 establishment, the chairman is entrusted with overseeing the activities of the ABPA and its Presidium. The current Chairman of the All-Belarusian People's Assembly is Alexander Lukashenko, who has held the position since its establishment on 24 April 2024.
Pavel Nikolayevich Muraveiko is a Belarusian Ground Forces major general who has been the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Belarus and First Deputy Minister of Defense since May 2024. Prior to that he was Chief of the Main Operations Directorate of the General Staff from 2013 to 2022 and then First Deputy Secretary of the Security Council of Belarus until 2024.
References
- ↑ "Belarussian Parliament Approves Appointment Of Gennadi Novitski As Prime Minister". PravdaReport. Oct 10, 2001. Retrieved Dec 9, 2020.
- ↑ "Alexander Lukashenko Holds a Meeting with Members of the Government, Chairpersons of the Regional Executive Committees and Minsk City Executive Committee". The State for the People!: The Official Internet Portal of the President of the Republic of Belarus. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
- ↑ "Belarus welcomes Uzbekistan's joining Eurasian body". Belarus News and Analysis. 26 May 2006. Retrieved 16 January 2010.
| Belarusian National Republic (1918–1919) |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Byelorussian SSR (1919–1991) | ||
| Republic of Belarus (1991–present) | ||
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