Ellen Sulkis (m. 1966, separated in 1977); Jessica Bradley
Geoffrey JamesRCA LL. D. (born January 9, 1942)[1] is a Canadian documentary photographer, who lives in Montreal and has been influenced lifelong by Eugene Atget. Like Atget, he has been fascinated with the built environment. Early in his long career, James made panoramic landscapes. These black-and-white photographs illuminated his subjects, nature's spaces and the changes wrought by society on both its more idealized creations such as formal gardens and its darker side - the asbestos mining landscape.[2] His aims were two-fold, both "Utopia" and "Dystopia". (Utopia/Dystopia was the title of his book/catalogue and retrospective at the National Gallery of Canada in Ottawa in 2008.
Around 2010 he was reborn as a digital photographer and his work, mainly of Toronto, though still intelligent and meditative, became more socially oriented.[3] In 2016, appropriately, he was appointed the first Photo Laureate of Toronto by Mayor John Tory.[4]
For some years, James has been fascinated with the modern architect Jože Plečnik (1875-1957) and his architecture, especially the social places he created, in Ljubljana, Slovenia and exhibited photographs in shows about his work, both in Canada (2019) and abroad (2022). In 2023, James was described as a "consummate photographer with a distinctive vision".[5]
Life and work
James was born in St. Asaph, Wales and attended Wellington College, Berkshire, and Wadham College, Oxford, where he received a degree (modern history) in 1964.[1] At Wadham College, he was editor of Isis, the student weekly magazine and upon graduation left for a job as a reporter for the Philadelphia Bulletin.[2] At this juncture, he bought a twin-lens Rolleiflex and began to teach himself photography. He moved to Canada in 1966, where he was an associate editor of Time Canada in Montreal (1967–1975) and wrote cover stories on people and events such as Arthur Erickson, Robertson Davies, Mordecai Richler, Genevieve Bujold and The October Crisis. From 1975-1982, he was an administrator as head of the Visual Arts, film and Video section of the Canada Council, Ottawa.[2] In 1977 he received a 1920s panoramic camera as a gift which led him to new explorations.[6] From 1982 to 1984 James was a visiting professor at the University of Ottawa.[2][7] He lived in Montreal for his first 18 years in Canada, moved to Toronto in the mid-nineties, spent 25 years there,[6] and returned to Montreal in 2023 where he lives today.[8]
Photography for him was like "stepping into a river" which totally immersed him.[6] Between 1987 and 2002, he used large-format and panoramic film cameras to record landscape that has felt the impact of human activity, choosing as his subject places like the Roman Campagna and the landscapes of formal gardens (for six or seven years he photographed all the works of Frederick Law Olmsted, for instead). In the early 1990s he photographed the reverse of his earlier work, photographing asbestos mining sites and the US/Mexico border fence in southern California.[9][10] In the 2000s, he studied suburban and urban landscape[11] in cities such as Paris, France (2001) (he didn't photograph the tourist sites which to him were a giant cliché),[6] Lethbridge, Alberta (2002) and Toronto, Ontario (2006) with which he has a love/hate relationship.[6] A retrospective of his work, Utopia/Dystopia: Geoffrey James was exhibited by the National Gallery of Canada in 2008. In a review of the book/catalogue which accompanied the show, the Canadian Book Review Annual described James' work as mirroring society "with sometimes painful accuracy".[12]
James changed into a digital photographer around 2010 and his photographs became more socially oriented.[3] Before Kingston Penitentiary in Kingston officially closed in 2013, he made a formal study documenting and memorializing it during its final period of operation,[13] which was published in 2014. In the National Gallery of Canada magazine, James' essay in the book, Prison Notes was described as "brief, but elegant". The magazine called his photographs a "surprisingly moving pictorial look".[14]
In 2016, he was appointed the first Photo Laureate of Toronto,[4] serving as a representative to visual artists and photographers. "Toronto is a wonderful subject", James said. "It's a city in a constant state of transformation, an exhilarating social experiment, as well as a place that reveals itself slowly".[15]
He has been impressed with the little known modern architect Jože Plečnik (1875-1957) and his architecture, especially the social places he created, in Ljubljana, Slovenia, for many years and has been planning to do a book of photographs on his achievements.[6] In 2019, the Daniels School of Architecture, Toronto, Ontario exhibited a show of his photographs about Plečnik, Working Spaces/CivicSettings: Joze Plecnik in Ljubljana[16] and in 2022 his show Social Spaces: Joze Plecnik and Ljubljana was exhibited at the Architecturzentrum Wien, Vienna, Austria and at UNESCO, Paris, France.[17] "There is a combination of the social and the spiritual in Plečnik's work that is not evident in most of the architectural photographs I have seen," James said about Plečnik.[16]
James's thoughtful photographs, taken at both day and night, and through the seasons, show Plečnik's studio and the wide range of his urban achievements. In the exhibition at the Daniels School of Architecture, photographs on multiple digital screens illuminated the architect's social spaces.[16]
Quotes on photography
James has said of photography that "today we're drowning in a sea of images".[6] He also down plays the ability of photography to change society. As he has said:
"There's a kind of truism now in art, that you know, all good art is political. I'm not sure that's true. I think my work deals with the real world and it deals sometimes with social problems but I've absolutely no delusions about the power of art to change peoples minds. I think the least effective way of effecting social change is to take photographs".[18]
He believes that the best photography tells what it is like to be somewhere, that it has "a mnemonic power that no other medium has, [that is,] a power to recall things".[13] For James, "a really good photo can be an object of reverie, of dreaming" and he hopes his photography will be remembered for that quality.[6]
Selected publications in which James' work appears
James has said that a book of photographs of his work is his primary medium because it has sequence which is preferable to him because he creates in a series. His work is slow to get a reaction so these books are to him like sending "a message in a bottle".[6] Some of the books and catalogues in which his work appears are the following:
Running fence: Geoffrey James. North Vancouver: Presentation House Gallery. 1999. ISBN092029345X. Retrieved 24 April 2024. (essays by Elizabeth Armstrong, Sebastian Rotella, Dot Tuer);
Pauli, Lori (2008). Utopia/Dystopia: Geoffrey James. Ottawa and Vancouver: National Gallery of Canada: Douglas & McIntyre. ISBN9781553653479. Retrieved 24 April 2024.(essays by Stephen Bann and Britt Salvesen);
In 1971, James began exhibiting his work publicly. His first solo exhibition was at Sir George Williams University (now Concordia University in Montreal. He had many solo shows afterwards, both nationally and internationally, including exhibitions at NSCAD (1983), at the University of Kent, England (1985), the Canadian Museum of Contemporary Photography, Ottawa (1986), The Power Plant, Toronto (1993), the Robert McLaughlin Gallery, Oshawa, Ontario (2001), a retrospective at the National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario (2008), and at the Oregon Centre for the Photographic Arts, Portland, Oregon (2010).[19] In 2019 and 2022, he concentrated on shows about Jože Plečnik and his architecture, especially the social places he created, in Ljubljana, Slovenia.[17]
His group shows at both public and private galleries are numerous. His work was included in exhibitions starting in 1977 with 13 Canadian Photographers, Madison Art Center, Madison, Wisconsin and included afterwards in shows in such places as Paris, France (1987), Budapest, Hungary (1987), New York (1987, at the MoMA in 1996 and 2009), Los Angeles (1990, 1991, 1996)), Kassel, Germany (1992), Naples, Italy (1994), at the Canadian Centre for Architecture Montreal, Quebec (1996, 2000), and National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa (1998, 2007, 2012), and elsewhere.[19] In 2022, his work was included in a group exhibition titled Wanderlust: Around the World in 80 Photographs at Stephen Bulger Gallery in Toronto[20] and also in an exhibition titled I Was Here at the Art Gallery of Ontario in Toronto.[21] He is represented by Trépanier Baer Gallery, Calgary, Alberta; Equinox Gallery in Vancouver[22] and Stephen Bulger Gallery in Toronto.
The Group of Seven, once known as the Algonquin School, was a group of Canadian landscape painters from 1920 to 1933, with "a like vision". It originally consisted of Franklin Carmichael (1890–1945), Lawren Harris (1885–1970), A. Y. Jackson (1882–1974), Frank Johnston (1888–1949), Arthur Lismer (1885–1969), J. E. H. MacDonald (1873–1932), and Frederick Varley (1881–1969). A. J. Casson (1898–1992) was invited to join in 1926, Edwin Holgate (1892–1977) became a member in 1930, and Lionel LeMoine FitzGerald (1890–1956) joined in 1932.
Lynne Cohen was an American-Canadian photographer.
Mowry Thacher Baden is an American sculptor who has lived and worked in Canada since 1975. He is known for his gallery-based kinaesthetic sculptures and for his public sculpture, both of which require a strong element of bodily interaction on the part of the viewer.
Jack Nichols (1921–2009) was a Canadian artist from Montreal, Quebec. He was a painter and printmaker whose main interest in his art was people in the metropolitan scene. He was called by critics "a chronicler of the human condition" and compassionate in his depictions.
Kenneth Thomas Benjamin Chee Chee , known as Benjamin Chee Chee, was an Ojibwa Canadian artist born in Temagami, Ontario. He is best known for his modern, simplified, and graceful depictions of birds and animals.
Arnaud Maggs was a Canadian artist and photographer. Born in Montreal, Maggs is best known for stark portraits arranged in grid-like arrangements, which illustrate his interest in systems of identification and classification.
Suzy Lake is an American-Canadian artist based in Toronto, Canada, who is known for her work as a photographer, performance artist and video producer. Using a range of media, Lake explores topics including identity, beauty, gender and aging. She is regarded as a pioneering feminist artist and a staunch political activist.
Louis Helbig is a Canadian aerial photographer who takes photographs from a two-seater aircraft that he pilots. He is best known for photographic projects entitled: "Beautiful Destruction – Alberta Tar Sands" and "Sunken Villages"; the latter has pictures of the villages flooded during the creation of the St. Lawrence Seaway.
Susan McEachern is an American/Canadian artist. McEachern is best known for her photography, which frequently includes text. Her work follows the feminist idea of "the personal is political," as she often combines images of her own life and personal space to investigate and comment on themes of socialization, gender, sexuality, and the natural world. McEachern has also been a professor at the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design University since 1979.
Spring Hurlbut is a Canadian artist, known for work that deals with the relationship between sculpture and architecture, and with themes of mortality. She lives and works in Toronto.
Sandra Semchuk is a Canadian photographic artist. In addition to exhibiting across Canada and internationally, Semchuk taught at Emily Carr University of Art and Design from 1987 to 2018.
Kelly Wood is a Canadian visual artist and photographer from Toronto, Ontario. Wood’s artistic practice is primarily based in Vancouver, B.C. and London, Ontario.
Mark Ruwedel is an American landscape photographer and educator.
John Vanderpant was a Dutch-Canadian photographer, gallery owner and author. He made his living doing portrait work while becoming known as a major member of the International Modernist photography movement in Canada. He was a key figure in Vancouver's artistic community.
Barbara Steinman is a Canadian artist known for her work in video and installation art.
Robert Bourdeau is a Canadian photographer whose career bridges modernists of the early 20th century and contemporary photographers.
Louise Noguchi is a Canadian multidisciplinary visual artist who uses video, photography, sculpture, and installation to examine notion of identity, perception and reality.
Robert Burley is a Canadian photographer of architecture and the urban landscape. He is based in Toronto, Canada, and is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.
James W. Borcoman D.F.A. LL. D., also known as Jim Borcoman, was the founding curator of photography, National Gallery of Canada from 1971 to 1994, followed by Ann Thomas (1994-2021). He was a pioneer in promoting photography as an art form in Canada, having established the Photographs Collection at the National Gallery in 1967 as the first of its kind in Canada, and developing its growth to over 19,000 objects, resulting in a collection known for the quality of its nineteenth and twentieth century holdings and for its exhibitions and publications. He also promoted contemporary Canadian photographers and was himself a photographer with work in the collection of the National Gallery of Canada.
Stephen Livick is an innovative photographic artist and printmaker living in London, Ontario. His career dates from 1974 as a full-time photographer. For him, the real magic began in the dark room. He mined the potential of photographic technology.
References
1 2 Katherine Stauble "Chronology". Lori Pauli, Utopia/Dystopia. National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa/Douglas & McIntyre, 2008.
1 2 3 4 "Collection". www.gallery.ca. National Gallery of Canada. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
1 2 "Interview". www.youtube.com. Governor General of Canada. 27 February 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
1 2 3 "Article". www.gallerieswest.ca. Galleries West Magazine, 2016. 28 February 2016. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
↑ Ylitalo, Katherine (13 February 2023). "Article". www.gallerieswest.ca. Galleries West Magazine, 2023. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
↑ "Article". canadianart.ca. Canadian Art. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
↑ Watson, Gary. "Review article". cbra.library.utoronto.ca. Canadian Book Review Annual. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
1 2 "Exhibitions". agnes.queensu.ca. Agnes Etherington Art Centre, Kingston. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
↑ Singhal, Sheila. "Article". www.gallery.ca. National Gallery of Canada. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
↑ "Article". urbantoronto.ca. Urban Toronto. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
1 2 3 "Exhibitions". www.daniels.utoronto.ca/. Daniels School of Architecture, U of t. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
1 2 3 4 "Artists c.v."(PDF). www.bulgergallery.com. Stephen Bulger Gallery, Toronto. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
↑ "Geoffrey James – Clip 5"(PDF). Meet the Artist. National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original(PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
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