Ghost bike

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Ghost bike in Gray's Inn Road, London, 2005 Ghostcycle-2005.jpg
Ghost bike in Gray's Inn Road, London, 2005

A ghost bike (also referred to as a ghostcycle or WhiteCycle) is a bicycle roadside memorial, placed where a cyclist has been killed or severely injured, usually by the driver of a motor vehicle. [1] These bicycles are painted entirely white and can often be seen with signs, flowers, or personal mementos from the families of the lost lives. They appear in different cities around the country and the world. Created by the local communities and volunteers in order to honor those that have been lost. [2]

Contents

Ghost bikes are typically put up once the sun has set often done is a solemn ceremony by fellow cyclists as a way to honor the life that has been lost. Though, the installation of these bicycles is not started until the approval of the family of the fallen is given as a way to respect both them and their lost loved one. [3]

Apart from being a memorial, it is usually intended as a reminder to passing motorists to share the road. Ghost bikes are usually junk bicycles painted white, sometimes with a placard attached, and locked to a suitable object close to the scene of the accident. These ghost bikes are typically considered to be old or previously discarded bicycles that have certain parts removed to make it less likely to be stolen, and then completely painted white from the wheels to the handlebars. They are usually places near the scene of the accident either alone or with a placard mentioning the lost life. [4]

Though, outside of this, those that make these ghost bikes do not only want people to see these things as memorials but as a form of art. They want their creations not to be seen an everyday junk project but as something beautiful and meaningful. [5]

Ghost bike memorials, marked by their immobility and stark white paint, create sites that not only commemorate loss but also invite diverse performances and connections to unfold. Intentional performances aimed at shaping others' perceptions differ from the incidental ones that arise spontaneously, yet the two can concurrently memorialize the past as well as celebrate the interconnectedness of the community. [6] These bicycles are created white and have the vital parts taken off in order to remove the possibility of the bicycle being stolen or removed from the area. [7]

History

Ghost bike in Berlin, 2009 Berlin ghostbike.jpg
Ghost bike in Berlin, 2009

The idea of painting bikes white originated in Amsterdam in the 1960s as part of an anarchist project and tactical urbanism initiative called the White Bicycle Plan to liberate two-wheel transport—white bikes were free, help yourself and then leave it for someone else. [8]

The ghost bike idea in the United States may have originated with a project by San Francisco artist Jo Slota, begun in April 2002. This was a purely artistic endeavor. [9] Slota was intrigued by the abandoned bicycles that he found around the city, locked up but stripped of useful parts. He began painting them white, and posted photographs on his website, ghostbike.net. [10]

A ghost bike memorial project was started in St. Louis, Missouri, in October 2003. [11] After observing a motorist strike a bicyclist in a bike lane on Holly Hills Boulevard, Patrick Van Der Tuin placed a white-painted bicycle on the spot with a hand-painted sign reading "Cyclist Struck Here". Noticing the effect that this had on motorists in the area, Van Der Tuin then enlisted the help of friends to place 15 more "ghost bikes" in prominent spots in the St. Louis area where cyclists had recently been hit by automobiles. [12] They used damaged bikes, in some cases deliberately damaged to create the desired mangled effect. [13]

Ghost bike sign in New York City, 2013 Cyclist killed here sign.jpg
Ghost bike sign in New York City, 2013

Similar projects began in Pittsburgh in 2004, [14] New York City in 2005, [15] Seattle in 2005, [16] Albuquerque in 2010, [17] and Toronto in 2006. [18] In August 2005, nearly 40 ghost bikes were placed throughout Seattle to draw awareness to locations of crashes, near-misses, and poor road conditions. [16] A ghost bike in Dupont Circle, Washington, D.C., commemorating a rider killed by a garbage truck in 2008, remained for a full year. When it was removed by city employees, friends of the rider replaced it with 22 ghost bikes, one on every lamppost. [19] London Ghostcycle was active in 2005 and 2006. [20] There have been similar projects in dozens of other cities worldwide. A bike memorial project [21] was started in Durham, North Carolina, in 2013 to commemorate the death of two prominent cyclist [22] and bicycle safety advocates. [23]

In late 2013 and early 2014, the Houston Ghost Bike Group has placed 47 ghost bikes to raise awareness during an especially deadly string of traffic violence involving automobiles taking place in Houston, many of them hit and run. Later in 2014 they were working on 13 more bikes to bring the list of deaths in recent years up to date. [24] [25]

As of 2017 there were over 630 ghost bikes that have appeared in over 210 locations throughout the world. [26] No single entity governs the installation of all ghost bikes, and they are sometimes removed by those who dislike the practice. [27]

Concepts

Having a need for ghost bikes can be reduced by drivers and cyclists alike understanding a few concepts for cyclist safety. However, not every state or country in the world follow these few concepts.

1. Understand that the road has rules that everyone must follow whether being a motorist or cyclist. Riding a bicycle on a sidewalk is illegal. It is illegal to go against the traffic flow of the street.

2. Infrastructure needs to be improved in order to provide ample space for bike lanes.

3. Respect needs to shared and given to everyone when on the road.

4. Highlights problem locations based on multiple incidents that have occurred; highlights the need for increased vigilance [28]

These ghost bikes are memorials that speak to the government and implore them to make these certain changes in order to avoid more situations that end in fatal accidents. [29]

The Other Side

While ghost bikes are put in place to memorials and reminders, there are people out there who do not agree with them or their messaging. There are groups of people who deem this memorials as inappropriate and not belonging of beside the road because it makes it more difficult to maintain the road. However, due to the fact that these bicycles are not obstructing the road nor the visibility of any street sign, the bicycles are not usually removed. [30]

See also

References

  1. Sanders, Jacob Quinn (1 December 2010), "Ghost Bikes: Rough memorials honor cyclists killed while riding", post-gazette, archived from the original on 16 October 2011, retrieved 1 December 2010
  2. "Ghost Bikes | Momentum - The Magazine For Self Propelled People!". www.momentumplanet.com. Archived from the original on 12 June 2009. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
  3. "Ghost Bikes | Momentum - The Magazine For Self Propelled People!". www.momentumplanet.com. Archived from the original on 12 June 2009. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
  4. Dkaki, Taoufiq; Mothe, Josiane (2004). "TREC Novelty Track at IRIT-SIG". doi.org. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
  5. "Ghost bike agency and urban culture through art activism". Taylor & Francis. 19 December 2022. doi:10.4324/9781003285175-23/ghost-bike-agency-urban-culture-art-activism-eduardo-rumenig-julio-talhari-maria-cecilia-dos-santos-luiz-dantas. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023.
  6. Costantini, Nicole M. (2019). "Bikes and bodies: ghost bike memorials as performances of mourning, warning, and protest". Text and Performance Quarterly. 39 (1): 22–36. doi:10.1080/10462937.2019.1576919.
  7. "Ghost Bikes: Rough memorials honor cyclists killed while riding". www.post-gazette.com. Archived from the original on 16 October 2011. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
  8. Furness, Zack (2010). One Less Car: Bicycling and the Politics of Automobility. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. pp. 55–59. ISBN   978-1-59213-613-1. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 23 May 2011.
  9. Terry Lowe. "Ghost Bikes". Momentum Planet. Archived from the original on 12 June 2009. Retrieved 23 May 2011.
  10. "Jo Slota's website". Ghostbike.net. Archived from the original on 3 March 2006. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
  11. Fagan, Mark Friends seek ghost bike memorial for hit-and-run victim Archived 7 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine Lawrence Journal-World 25 October 2009
  12. Roadside displays focus on plight of bicyclists Archived 15 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine , Greg Jonsson, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 17 November 2003; re-posted on Missouri Bicycle Federation website, 29 October 2007.
  13. Twarowski, Christopher. "Ghostly bikes commemorate fallen cyclists, article at Columbia News Service". Jscms.jrn.columbia.edu. Archived from the original on 19 August 2009. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
  14. "Pittsburgh ghost bikes". Pittsburgh.indymedia.org. Archived from the original on 23 June 2010. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
  15. "New York Ghost Bikes". Ghostbikes.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2010. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
  16. 1 2 'Ghost bikes' offer eerie reminder to share the road, Seattle Post-Intelligencer 3 August 2005.
  17. Created by gleejb View Groups. "Albuquerque ghost bikes". Dukecityfix.com. Archived from the original on 19 April 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
  18. O'Connor, Josh (26 September 2011). "Information Booth: Where did those ghostly white bikes come from?". National Post. Toronto. Archived from the original on 27 May 2024. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
  19. Ashley Halsey III (11 September 2009). "Their Love Cannot Be Unchained: After 'Ghost Bike' Removal, Cyclists' Memorial Effort Intensifies". The Washington Post. Retrieved 11 September 2009.
  20. "London Ghost Bikes". Ghostbikes.org. 9 January 2012. Archived from the original on 9 February 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
  21. "DURHAM: 'Ghost bike' memorial honors Seth Vidal | Durham County | NewsObserver.com". Archived from the original on 22 November 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2013. News & Observer Retrieved 14 July 2013
  22. WRAL (2 May 2013). "Cyclist remembered as 'community servant'". WRAL.com.
  23. WRAL (8 July 2013). "Bicyclist killed in Durham hit-and-run". WRAL.com.
  24. Hlavaty, Craig (29 April 2014). "Silsbee cyclist takes on mission to spread ghost bikes". Beaumont Enterprise. Archived from the original on 18 October 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
  25. "Houston Ghost Bikes". Google My Maps.
  26. "Ghost Bikes - ghost bikes". ghostbikes.org. Archived from the original on 3 May 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
  27. Johnson, Charles J. "Map: Chicago's ghost bikes". Chicago Tribune.
  28. Makar, A. B.; McMartin, K. E.; Palese, M.; Tephly, T. R. (June 1975). "Formate assay in body fluids: application in methanol poisoning". Biochemical Medicine. 13 (2): 117–126. doi:10.1016/0006-2944(75)90147-7. ISSN   0006-2944. PMID   1.
  29. "Writing and Rhetoric | Writing and Rhetoric Dissertation..." Writing and Rhetoric. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
  30. "SIDE STREETS: Ghost bikes a reminder of need to share road". Colorado Springs Gazette. Retrieved 10 October 2025.

Further reading