The Sultanate of Mataram was the last major independent Javanese kingdom on the island of Java before it was colonised by the Dutch. It was the dominant political force radiating from the interior of Central Java from the late 16th century until the beginning of the 18th century.
Sultan Anyakrakusuma is known as Sultan Agung was the third Sultan of Mataram in Central Java ruling from 1613 to 1645. He was a skilled soldier who conquered neighbouring states and expanded and consolidated his kingdom to its greatest territorial and military power.
Amangkurat I was the susuhunan of the Mataram Sultanate from 1646 to 1677.
Amangkurat II was the susuhunan of the Sultanate of Mataram from 1677 to 1703. Before taking the throne, he was the crown prince and had the title Pangeran Adipati Anom.
The Wali Songo are revered saints of Islam in Indonesia, especially on the island of Java, because of their historic role in the spread of Islam in Indonesia. The word wali is Arabic for "trusted one" or "friend of God", while the word sanga is Javanese for the number nine.
Malik Ibrahim, also known as Sunan Gresik or Kakek Bantal, was the first of the Wali Songo, the nine men generally thought to have introduced Islam to Java.
Sunan Giri, and Muhammad Ainul Yakin are considered the Wali Sanga of Indonesia.
The Demak Sultanate was a Javanese Muslim state located on Java's north coast in Indonesia, at the site of the present-day city of Demak. A port fief to the Hindu-Buddhist Majapahit kingdom thought to have been founded in the last quarter of the 15th century, it was influenced by Islam brought by Muslim traders from China, Gujarat, Arabia and also Islamic kingdoms in the region, such as Samudra Pasai, Malacca and Bani (Muslim) Champa. The sultanate was the first Muslim state in Java, and once dominated most of the northern coast of Java and southern Sumatra.
The Sultanate of Cirebon was an Islamic sultanate in West Java founded in the 15th century. It is said to have been founded by Sunan Gunungjati, as marked by his letter proclaiming Cirebon's independence from Pajajaran in 1482, although the settlement and the polity had been established earlier, in 1445. Sunan Gunungjati also established the Sultanate of Banten. It was one of the earliest Islamic states established in Java, along with the Sultanate of Demak.
Sunan Giri Mosque is located near Gresik about 45 kilometres from the Indonesian city of Surabaya. Its pavilion shelters the tomb of Sunan Giri, one of the nine Muslim saints of Java, and like the tombs of the other wali sanga, it is a significant and highly auspicious pilgrimage point. This site is often referred to as Giri Kedaton.
Kalinyamat Sultanate or Kalinyamat Kingdom, was a 16th-century Javanese Islamic polity in the northern part of the island of Java, centred in modern-day Jepara, Central Java, Indonesia.
Raden Patah, also known as Jin Bun was the first sultan of the Demak Sultanate. Ascending to the throne in 1475, his remained a vassal of the Majapahit Empire until 1478. Raden Patah took the title Panembahan Jimbun after legitimizing the Sultanate of Demak as the successor state to the Majapahit Empire, with Wali Sanga appointing him as the Sultan of Demak.
Pakubuwono I, uncle of Amangkurat III of Mataram was a combatant for the succession of the Mataram dynasty, both as a co-belligerent during the Trunajaya rebellion, and the First Javanese War of Succession (1704–1707).
Arya Penangsang was king of the Sultanate of Demak between 1549 and 1554.
The Duchy of Surabaya was a Javanese principality centered in Surabaya, on the northeastern coast of Java, that existed as an independent polity from c. 1546 to 1625. It became independent following the disintegration of the Demak Sultanate, and by the beginning of the 17th century had become the leading power in east Java and the most important port on Java's northeastern coast. Subsequently, it entered into decades of conflict with the Mataram Sultanate that ended in the victory of Mataram and the fall of Surabaya in 1625.
The Trunajaya Rebellion or Trunajaya War was the ultimately unsuccessful rebellion waged by the Madurese prince Trunajaya and fighters from Makassar against the Mataram Sultanate and its Dutch East India Company (VOC) supporters in Java during the 1670s.
Islam is the most common religion in the Indonesian province of East Java, embraced by 96.7% of the whole population. Throughout its history, East Java has been considered one of the heartlands of Islam in Indonesia; the province experienced one of the earliest proliferations of Islam, as well as the establishment of the largest Islamic mass organization in Indonesia, Nahdlatul Ulama.
Panembahan Senapati, formally styled Panembahan Senapati ing Ngalaga Sayyidin Panatagama, was the founder of the Mataram Sultanate.
Sunan Bungkul, whose real name is Ki Ageng Supo or Mpu Supo, was a nobleman from the time of the Majapahit Kingdom, who after converting to Islam used the name Ki Ageng Mahmuddin. He was one of the spreaders of Islam in the late 15th century in the Majapahit Kingdom. He is the son-in-law of Sunan Ampel, although some say he is the father-in-law of Raden Paku, who is better known as Sunan Giri. He is estimated to have lived during the Sunan Ampel period of 1400–1481 M. He had a daughter named Dewi Wardah. His tomb is directly behind Taman Bungkul Surabaya.
