Graciela Gelmini

Last updated

Graciela Gelmini
Born
Graciela Beatriz Gelmini

Argentina
Scientific career
Fields Particle physics
Institutions Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
ICTP (1982 – 1989)
UCLA (1989 – present)
Thesis  (1981)
Doctoral advisor Roberto Peccei
Carlos A. Garcia Canal

Graciela Beatriz Gelmini is a theoretical physicist who specializes in astroparticle physics. [1] [2] She is a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), [3] and became a fellow of the American Physical Society in 2004. [4]

Contents

Early life and career

Gelmini received her Ph.D. from the National University of La Plata in 1981. [5] Her doctoral advisors were Roberto Peccei and Carlos A. Garcia Canal.

Upon graduation, Gelmini worked at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in Germany for a few years before moving to the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Italy at around 1982. [6] [7] During this time, she was based at CERN in Switzerland. [8] [9] Gelmini was also affiliated with the Lyman Laboratory of Physics at Harvard University and the Enrico Fermi Institute at the University of Chicago between 1986 and 1988. [10] [11] [12]

In November 1989, Gelmini joined UCLA as a faculty member and has been there ever since. [13] [14]

Scientific contributions

In November 2007, Gelmini was part of a team that analyzed data from the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina and discovered high-energy particles that made it to Earth from nearby black holes. [15] [16]

Publications

Related Research Articles

R-parity is a concept in particle physics. In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, baryon number and lepton number are no longer conserved by all of the renormalizable couplings in the theory. Since baryon number and lepton number conservation have been tested very precisely, these couplings need to be very small in order not to be in conflict with experimental data. R-parity is a symmetry acting on the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) fields that forbids these couplings and can be defined as

Hadronization is the process of the formation of hadrons out of quarks and gluons. There are two main branches of hadronization: quark-gluon plasma (QGP) transformation and colour string decay into hadrons. The transformation of quark-gluon plasma into hadrons is studied in lattice QCD numerical simulations, which are explored in relativistic heavy-ion experiments. Quark-gluon plasma hadronization occurred shortly after the Big Bang when the quark–gluon plasma cooled down to the Hagedorn temperature when free quarks and gluons cannot exist. In string breaking new hadrons are forming out of quarks, antiquarks and sometimes gluons, spontaneously created from the vacuum.

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References

  1. ↑ Gondolo, Paolo; Gelmini, Graciela (1991). "Cosmic abundances of stable particles: Improved analysis". Nuclear Physics B. 360 (1): 145–179. Bibcode:1991NuPhB.360..145G. doi:10.1016/0550-3213(91)90438-4. ISSN   0550-3213.
  2. ↑ Gelmini, Graciela; Gondolo, Paolo (2006). "Neutralino with the right cold dark matter abundance in (almost) any supersymmetric model". Physical Review D. 74 (2): 023510. arXiv: hep-ph/0602230 . Bibcode:2006PhRvD..74b3510G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.74.023510. S2CID   37865240.
  3. ↑ "Graciela Gelmini". UCLA Physics & Astronomy. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
  4. ↑ "APS Fellow Archive". American Physical Society. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
  5. ↑ "INSPIRE-HEP Graciela B. Gelmini". inspirehep.net. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
  6. ↑ Gelmini, Graciela B.; Nussinov, Shmuel; Roncadelli, Marco (1982). "Bounds and prospects for the majoron model of left-handed neutrino masses". Nuclear Physics B. 209 (1): 157–173. doi:10.1016/0550-3213(82)90107-9. ISSN   0550-3213.
  7. ↑ Baldeschi, M. R.; Gelmini, G. B.; Ruffini, R. (1983). "On massive fermions and bosons in galactic halos". Physics Letters B. 122 (3–4): 221–224. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90688-3. ISSN   0370-2693.
  8. ↑ Gelmini, G. B.; Nanopoulos, D. V.; Olive, K. A. (1983). "Finite temperature effects in primordial inflation". Physics Letters B. 131 (1–3): 53–58. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)91090-0. ISSN   0370-2693.
  9. ↑ Buccella, Franco; Gelmini, Graciela B.; Masiero, Antonio; Roncadelli, Marco (1984). "The Majoron and left-handed neutrino masses in SU(5)". Nuclear Physics B. 231 (3): 493–505. doi:10.1016/0550-3213(84)90516-9. ISSN   0550-3213.
  10. ↑ Gelmini, G. B.; Hall, L. J.; Lin, M. J. (1987). "What is the cosmion?". Nuclear Physics B. 281 (3–4): 726–735. doi:10.1016/0550-3213(87)90424-X. ISSN   0550-3213.
  11. ↑ Gelmini, Gracida (1988), Unruh, W. G.; Semenoff, G. W. (eds.), "Supersymmetry and the Early Universe", The Early Universe, NATO ASI Series, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 115–124, doi:10.1007/978-94-009-4015-4_3, ISBN   978-94-009-4015-4 , retrieved 16 April 2021
  12. ↑ Gelmini, G. (1986). "Bounds on galactic cold dark matter particle candidates and solar axions from a Ge-spectrometer". OSTI   6739649 – via osti.gov.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  13. ↑ Gelmini, Graciela (1990), Ali, Ahmed (ed.), "Higgs Particles and Dark Matter Searches", Higgs Particle(s): Physics Issues and Experimental Searches in High-Energy Collisions, Ettore Majorana International Science Series, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 165–184, doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0908-7_8, ISBN   978-1-4757-0908-7 , retrieved 16 April 2021
  14. ↑ Gelmini, Graciela B.; Gondolo, P.; Roulet, E. (1991). "Neutralino dark matter searches". Nuclear Physics B. 351 (3): 623–644. doi:10.1016/S0550-3213(05)80036-7. ISSN   0550-3213.
  15. ↑ Wolpert, Stuart (9 November 2007). "High-energy particles from violent black holes travel to Earth". EurekAlert!. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
  16. ↑ The Pierre Auger Collaboration (2007). "Correlation of the Highest-Energy Cosmic Rays with Nearby Extragalactic Objects". Science. 318 (5852): 938–943. arXiv: 0711.2256 . Bibcode:2007Sci...318..938P. doi:10.1126/science.1151124. ISSN   0036-8075. PMID   17991855. S2CID   118376969.
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