Grand Inquisitor

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Grand Inquisitor
Inquisitor Generalis
Inquisicion espanola.svg
Appointer Monarch
Inaugural holder Tomás de Torquemada
Formation1483
Final holder Jerónimo Castillón y Salas
Abolished1820

Grand Inquisitor (Latin : Inquisitor Generalis, literally Inquisitor General or General Inquisitor) was the highest-ranked official of the Inquisition. The title usually refers to the inquisitor of the Spanish Inquisition, in charge of appeals and cases of aristocratic importance, even after the reunification of the inquisitions. Secretaries-general of the Roman Inquisition were often styled as Grand Inquisitor but the role and functions were different.

Contents

The Portuguese Inquisition was headed by a Grand Inquisitor, or General Inquisitor, named by the Pope but selected by the king, always from within the royal family.

The most famous Inquisitor General was the Spanish Dominican Tomás de Torquemada, who spearheaded the Spanish Inquisition.

List of Spanish Grand Inquisitors

Tomas de Torquemada, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1483-1498) Torquemada.jpg
Tomás de Torquemada, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1483–1498)
Diego de Deza, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1498-1507) Diego Deza.jpg
Diego de Deza, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1498–1507)
FromToGrand Inquisitor [1] Other positions held
14831498 Tomás de Torquemada Prior of the Dominican Convent of Santa Cruz, Segovia, 1477–1498
14991506 Diego de Deza Tavera Archbishop of Seville
15061507 Diego Ramírez de Guzmán Bishop of Catania, Bishop of Lugo

Separation of Inquisitions of Castile and Aragon

Castile

Adrian of Utrecht, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1518-1522) Hadrian VI.jpg
Adrian of Utrecht, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1518–1522)
FromToGrand InquisitorOther positions held
15071517 Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros Cardinal, Archbishop of Toledo

Aragon

Juan Pardo de Tavera, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1539-1545) Cardenal Tavera.jpg
Juan Pardo de Tavera, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1539–1545)
Fernando Nino de Guevara, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1600-1602) Cardinal Fernando Nino de Guevara (1541-1609) MET DT854.jpg
Fernando Niño de Guevara, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1600–1602)
Francisco Antonio de Lorenzana, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1794-1797) El cardenal Francisco Antonio de Lorenzana (Museo del Prado).jpg
Francisco Antonio de Lorenzana, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1794–1797)
FromToGrand InquisitorOther positions held
15071513 Juan Enguera Bishop of Vich, Bishop of Lleida, Bishop of Tortosa
15131516 Luis Mercader Escolano Bishop of Tortosa
15161517 Adrian of Utrecht Cardinal priest of Ss. Giovanni e Paolo, Bishop of Tortosa, later Pope

Reunification of the Inquisitions

FromToGrand InquisitorOther positions held
15181522 Adrian of Utrecht Cardinal priest of Ss. Giovanni e Paolo, Bishop of Tortosa, later Pope
15231538 Alonso Manrique de Lara Bishop of Badajoz, Archbishop of Seville, Cardinal
15391545 Juan Pardo de Tavera Archbishop of Toledo
15461546 García de Loaysa Archbishop of Seville
15471566 Fernando de Valdés y Salas Archbishop of Seville
15661572 Diego de Espinosa Bishop of Sigüenza, Bishop of Cuenca
15721572 Pedro Ponce de León Bishop of Ciudad Rodrigo, Bishop of Plasencia
15731594 Gaspar de Quiroga y Vela Archbishop of Toledo
15951595 Jerónimo Manrique de Lara Bishop of Cartagena, Bishop of Ávila
15961599 Pedro de Portocarrero Bishop of Calahorra, Bishop of Cuenca
15991602 Fernando Niño de Guevara Archbishop of Seville
16021602 Juan de Zúñiga Flores Bishop of Cartagena
16031608 Juan Bautista de Acevedo Bishop of Valladolid, Patriarch of the Indias
16081618 Bernardo de Sandoval y Rojas Archbishop of Toledo
16191621 Luis de Aliaga Martínez
16221626 Andrés Pacheco Bishop of Cuenca, Patriarch of the Indias
16271632 Antonio de Zapata Cisneros Archbishop of Burgos
16321643 Antonio de Sotomayor Prior of Santo Domingo
16431665 Diego de Arce y Reinoso Bishop of Tuy, Bishop of Avila, Bishop of Palencia
16651665 Pascual de Aragón Archbishop of Toledo
16661669 Juan Everardo Nithard
16691695 Diego Sarmiento de Valladares Bishop of Oviedo, Bishop of Plasencia
16951699 Juan Tomás de Rocaberti Prior of Santo Domingo, Archbishop of Valencia
16991699 Alonso Fernández de Córdoba y Aguilar Appointed Grand Inquisitor, but died before he could assume this office.
16991705 Baltasar de Mendoza y Sandoval Bishop of Segovia
17051709 Vidal Marín del Campo Archbishop of Burgos
17091710 Antonio Ibáñez de Riva Herrera Archbishop of Zaragoza, Archbishop of Toledo
17111716 Francesco del Giudice Archbishop of Monreale
17151715Felipe Antonio Gil de TaboadaCommissioned as Grand Inquisitor but did not serve.
17171717José de MolinesProclaimed in Rome, but detained by Austrians and died without serving.
17181718Felipe de ArcemendiDied without serving.
17201720 Diego de Astorga y Céspedes Archbishop of Toledo
17201733 Juan de Camargo y Angulo Bishop of Pamplona
17331740 Andrés de Orbe y Larreategui Archbishop of Valencia
17421746 Manuel Isidro Orozco Manrique de Lara Archbishop of Santiago
17461755 Francisco Pérez de Prado Bishop of Teruel
17551774 Manuel Quintano Bonifaz Titular Archbishop of Farsala
17751783 Felipe Beltrán Serrano Bishop of Salamanca
17841793 Agustín Rubin de Ceballos Bishop of Jaén
17931794 Manuel Abad y Lasierra Titular Archbishop of Selymbria
17941797 Francisco Antonio Lorenzana y Butrón Archbishop of Toledo
17971808 Ramón José de Arce y Rebollar Archbishop of Burgos
18081814Abolition of the Inquisition
18141818 Francisco Javier Mier Campillo Bishop of Almería
18181818 Cristóbal Bencomo y Rodríguez Titular Archbishop of Heraclea (position rejected by himself) [2]
18181820 Gerónimo Castillón y Salas Bishop of Tarazona

List of inquisitors-general of Portugal

References

  1. Appendix 2 to Henry Charles Lea's A History of the Inquisition of Spain
  2. "Biografía de Cristóbal Bencomo y Rodríguez". Archived from the original on 2017-06-15. Retrieved 2016-03-31.
  3. Inquisidores gerais de Portugal