The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an American think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international relations. Founded in 1921,it is an independent and nonpartisan nonprofit organization. CFR is based in New York City,with an additional office in Washington,DC. Its membership has included senior politicians,numerous secretaries of state,CIA directors,bankers,lawyers,professors,corporate directors and CEOs,and senior media figures.
Joseph Samuel Nye Jr. is an American political scientist. He and Robert Keohane co-founded the international relations theory of neoliberalism,which they developed in their 1977 book Power and Interdependence. Together with Keohane,he developed the concepts of asymmetrical and complex interdependence. They also explored transnational relations and world politics in an edited volume in the 1970s. More recently,he pioneered the theory of soft power and explained the distinction between it and hard power. His notion of "smart power" became popular with the use of this phrase by members of the Clinton Administration and the Obama Administration.
Philip Chase Bobbitt,is an American author,academic,and lawyer. He is best known for work on U.S. constitutional law and theory,and on the relationship between law,strategy and history in creating and sustaining the State. He is the author of several books:Constitutional Fate:Theory of the Constitution (1982),The Shield of Achilles:War,Peace and the Course of History (2002),and Terror and Consent:the Wars for the Twenty-first Century (2008). He is currently the Herbert Wechsler Professor of Jurisprudence at Columbia University School of Law and a distinguished senior lecturer at The University of Texas School of Law.
Graham Tillett Allison Jr. is an American political scientist and the Douglas Dillon Professor of Government at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. He is renowned for his contribution in the late 1960s and early 1970s to the bureaucratic analysis of decision making,especially during times of crisis. His book Remaking Foreign Policy:The Organizational Connection,co-written with Peter Szanton,was published in 1976 and had some influence on the foreign policy of the administration of President Jimmy Carter who took office in early 1977. Since the 1970s,Allison has also been a leading analyst of U.S. national security and defense policy,with a special interest in nuclear weapons and terrorism.
Jeremy Shapiro is research director at the European Council on Foreign Relations. Previously he was special advisor to the assistant secretary of state for Europe and Eurasia at the U.S. Department of State. Prior to his appointment he was director of research at the "Center on the United States and Europe" at the Brookings Institution. His expertise is in the fields of Civil-military relations,Europe,France,military operations,national security and transatlantic diplomacy.
Kenneth Guy Lieberthal is an American professor and politician known as an expert on China's elite politics,political economy,domestic and foreign policy decision making,and on the evolution of US-China relations. He is currently senior fellow emeritus in Foreign Policy at the Brookings Institution,where from 2009 to 2016,he was a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy and the Global Economy and Development programs;from 2009 to 2012,he also served as director of Brookings' John L. Thornton China Center. Lieberthal spent most of his career on the Political Science faculty of the University of Michigan. For 1998-2000 Lieberthal served in the Clinton Administration as Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs and Senior Director for Asia on the U.S. National Security Council.
Strategic intelligence (STRATINT) pertains to the collection,processing,analysis,and dissemination of intelligence that is required for forming policy and military plans at the national and international level. Much of the information needed for strategic reflections comes from Open Source Intelligence. Other sources include traditional HUMINT,Signals intelligence including ELINT,MASINT which overlaps with SIGINT/ELINT to some degree,and 'National technical means of verification'. The father of intelligence analysis and of the strategic intelligence concept was Sherman Kent,in his seminal work Strategic Intelligence for American World Policy,first published in 1949. For Kent,strategic intelligence is ”the knowledge upon which our nation's foreign relations,in war and peace,must rest".
World Politics is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering political science and international relations. It is published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Princeton Institute for International and Regional Studies. Before 2003,it was sponsored by Princeton's Center of International Studies and before 1951,by the Yale Institute of International Studies. It was established in 1948. The editor-in-chief is Deborah J. Yashar.
Bruce R. Hoffman is an American political analyst. He specializes in the study of terrorism,counter-terrorism,insurgency,and counter-insurgency. Hoffman serves as the Shelby Cullom and Kathryn W. Davis Senior Fellow for Counterterrorism and Homeland Security on the Council on Foreign Relations,and is a professor at Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service,where he directs its Center for Jewish Civilization. In addition,he is the Professor Emeritus and Honorary Professor of Terrorism Studies at the University of St Andrews,and is the George H. Gilmore Senior Fellow at the U.S. Military Academy's Combating Terrorism Center.
The RAND Corporation is a non-partisan American nonprofit global policy think tank and research institute that conducts research and development (R&D) in multiple fields and industries including national security,military-defense,aerospace,education,public health,energy,the environment,economics,political science and international relations,infrastructure,law and criminology,anthropology,sociology,social policy,the social sciences,natural sciences,technology,engineering,mathematics,and their application on public policy,public administration,and business administration issues.
Wolfgang Franz Danspeckgruber is the Founding Director of the Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination at Princeton University and has been teaching on issues of state,international security,self-determination,diplomacy,and crisis diplomacy at Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs and the Department of Politics since 1988. He is also founder and chair of the Liechtenstein Colloquium on European and International Affairs,LCM,a private diplomacy forum.
William C. Martel was a scholar who specialized in studying the leadership and policymaking processes in organizations,strategic planning,cyberwarfare and militarisation of space,and technology innovation. He taught at the U.S. Air War College and U.S. Naval War College,and performed research for DARPA and the RAND Corporation. He later become Associate Professor of International Security Studies at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy,a position he held until his death in 2015.
Lynn Etheridge Davis was United States Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs from 1993 to 1997.
Dr. William H. Overholt is a senior research fellow at John F. Kennedy School of Government's Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government at Harvard University and principal of AsiaStrat LLC,a consulting firm.
Project Solariumwas an American national-level exercise in strategy and foreign policy design convened by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in the summer of 1953. It was intended to produce consensus among senior officials in the national security community on the most effective strategy for responding to Soviet expansionism in the wake of the early Cold War. The exercise was the product of a series of conversations between President Eisenhower and senior cabinet-level officials,including Secretary of State John Foster Dulles and George F. Kennan,in the Solarium room on the top floor of the White House. Through these conversations,Eisenhower realized that strategic guidance set forth in NSC 68 under the Truman administration was insufficient to address the breadth of issues with which his administration was presented,and that his cabinet was badly divided on the correct course of action to deal with the Soviet Union. He found that internal political posturing threatened to undermine policy planning,and thus U.S. national security.
Charles Louis Glaser is a scholar of international relations theory,known for his work on defensive realism,as well as nuclear strategy. He is the founding director of the Institute for Security and Conflict Studies at the George Washington University's Elliott School of International Affairs,as well as a professor of political science and international affairs. His best-known book,Rational Theory of International Politics:The Logic of Competition and Cooperation received an Honorable Mention for 2011 Best Book from the International Security Studies Section of the International Studies Association.
Francis Michel Bator was a Hungarian-American economist and educator. He was a professor emeritus at Harvard Kennedy School of political economy. He was born in Budapest,Hungary. Bator attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and earned a Ph.D. in 1956. He was Deputy National Security Advisor of the United States from 1965 to 1967. He was also a Special Assistant to President Lyndon B. Johnson.
Charles Wolf Jr. was a senior economic advisor at the RAND Corporation. He was also a senior research fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University and was on the advisory board of the Center for International Business and Economic Research at the UCLA Anderson School of Management. He was a board member of Capital Income Builder and of Capital World Growth and Income,Inc.,and a member of the American Economic Association,the Econometric Society,the Council on Foreign Relations,and the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London. He is noted for predicting the economic collapse of the Soviet Union in the 1980s.
Donald S. Zagoria is an American author and director of the Forum on Asia-Pacific Security. He worked for the RAND Corporation and taught at Hunter College. Zagoria was a consultant to the National Security Council and the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs of the State Department when Jimmy Carter was in office. He has written or edited four books and more than 300 articles on international relations.
Pari Esfandiari is the co-founder and president of the Global TechnoPolitics Forum and CEO of Pario. She is a member of the At Large Advisory Committee (ALAC) at the ICANN,representing European region (Euralo),as well as a member of the GeoTech Action Council at the Atlantic Council. In addition,she serves at the APCO Worldwide’s International Advisory Council. She was a non-resident senior fellow at the Atlantic Council.
