A preventive war is an armed conflict "initiated in the belief that military conflict,while not imminent,is inevitable,and that to delay would involve greater risk." The party which is being attacked has a latent threat capability or it has shown that it intends to attack in the future,based on its past actions and posturing. A preventive war aims to forestall a shift in the balance of power by strategically attacking before the balance of power has had a chance to shift in the favor of the targeted party. Preventive war is distinct from preemptive strike,which is the first strike when an attack is imminent. Preventive uses of force "seek to stop another state. .. from developing a military capability before it becomes threatening or to hobble or destroy it thereafter,whereas [p]reemptive uses of force come against a backdrop of tactical intelligence or warning indicating imminent military action by an adversary."
Joseph Samuel Nye Jr. is an American political scientist. He and Robert Keohane co-founded the international relations theory of neoliberalism,which they developed in their 1977 book Power and Interdependence. Together with Keohane,he developed the concepts of asymmetrical and complex interdependence. They also explored transnational relations and world politics in an edited volume in the 1970s. More recently,he pioneered the theory of soft power. His notion of "smart power" became popular with the use of this phrase by members of the Clinton Administration and the Obama Administration.
Sir Philip Chase Bobbitt is an American legal scholar and political theorist. He is best known for work on U.S. constitutional law and theory,and on the relationship between law,strategy and history in creating and sustaining the State. He is currently the Herbert Wechsler Professor of Jurisprudence at Columbia Law School and a distinguished senior lecturer at The University of Texas School of Law.
Graham Tillett Allison Jr. is an American political scientist and the Douglas Dillon Professor of Government at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. He is known for his contributions in the late 1960s and early 1970s to the bureaucratic analysis of decision making,especially during times of crisis. His book Remaking Foreign Policy:The Organizational Connection,co-written with Peter L. Szanton,was published in 1976 and influenced the foreign policy of the Carter administration. Since the 1970s,Allison has also been a leading analyst of U.S. national security and defense policy,with a special interest in nuclear weapons and terrorism.
Kenneth Guy Lieberthal is an American professor and politician known as an expert on Chinese politics,political economy,domestic and foreign policy,and on the evolution of US-China relations.
Henry Stanislaus Rowen was an American national security expert,economist,and academician.
Strategic intelligence (STRATINT) pertains to the collection,processing,analysis,and dissemination of intelligence that is required for forming policy and military plans at the national and international level. Much of the information needed for strategic reflections comes from Open Source Intelligence. Other sources include traditional HUMINT,Signals intelligence including ELINT,MASINT which overlaps with SIGINT/ELINT to some degree,and 'National technical means of verification'. The father of intelligence analysis and of the strategic intelligence concept was Sherman Kent,in his seminal work Strategic Intelligence for American World Policy,first published in 1949. For Kent,strategic intelligence is ”the knowledge upon which our nation's foreign relations,in war and peace,must rest".
World Politics is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering political science and international relations. It is published by Johns Hopkins University Press on behalf of the Princeton Institute for International and Regional Studies. Before 2003,it was sponsored by Princeton's Center of International Studies and before 1951,by the Yale Institute of International Studies. It was established in 1948. The chair of the editorial committee is Grigore Pop-Eleches.
Jason Gaverick Matheny is a United States national security expert serving as president and CEO of the RAND Corporation since July 2022. He was previously a senior appointee in the Biden administration from March 2021 to June 2022. He served as deputy assistant to the president for technology and national security,deputy director for national security in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy and coordinator for technology and national security at the White House National Security Council.
Bruce R. Hoffman is an American political analyst. He specializes in the study of terrorism,counter-terrorism,insurgency,and counter-insurgency. Hoffman serves as the Shelby Cullom and Kathryn W. Davis Senior Fellow for Counterterrorism and Homeland Security on the Council on Foreign Relations,and is a professor at the School of Foreign Service of Georgetown University. In addition,he is the Professor Emeritus and Honorary Professor of Terrorism Studies at the University of St Andrews,and is the George H. Gilmore Senior Fellow at the U.S. Military Academy's Combating Terrorism Center.
The RAND Corporation is an American nonprofit global policy think tank,research institute,and public sector consulting firm. RAND Corporation engages in research and development (R&D) in a number of fields and industries. Since the 1950s,RAND research has helped inform United States policy decisions on a wide variety of issues,including the space race,the Vietnam War,the U.S.-Soviet nuclear arms confrontation,the creation of the Great Society social welfare programs,and national health care.
Lynn Etheridge Davis was United States Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs from 1993 to 1997.
Daniel L. Byman is a researcher on terrorism,Counterterrorism and the Middle East. Dr. Byman is a Professor in Georgetown University's Walsh School of Foreign Service and Director of Georgetown's Security Studies Program He is a former Vice-Dean of the school.
Project Solariumwas an American national-level exercise in strategy and foreign policy design convened by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in the summer of 1953. It was intended to produce consensus among senior officials in the national security community on the most effective strategy for responding to Soviet expansionism in the wake of the early Cold War. The exercise was the product of a series of conversations between President Eisenhower and senior cabinet-level officials,including Secretary of State John Foster Dulles and George F. Kennan,in the Solarium room on the top floor of the White House. Through these conversations,Eisenhower realized that strategic guidance set forth in NSC 68 under the Truman administration was insufficient to address the breadth of issues with which his administration was presented,and that his cabinet was badly divided on the correct course of action to deal with the Soviet Union. He found that internal political posturing threatened to undermine policy planning,and thus U.S. national security.
Francis Michel Bator was a Hungarian-American economist and educator. He was a professor emeritus at Harvard Kennedy School of political economy. He was born in Budapest,Hungary. Bator attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and earned a Ph.D. in 1956. He was Deputy National Security Advisor of the United States from 1965 to 1967. He was also a Special Assistant to President Lyndon B. Johnson.
Charles Wolf Jr. was a senior economic advisor at the RAND Corporation. He was also a senior research fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University and was on the advisory board of the Center for International Business and Economic Research at the UCLA Anderson School of Management. He was a board member of Capital Income Builder and of Capital World Growth and Income,Inc.,and a member of the American Economic Association,the Econometric Society,the Council on Foreign Relations,and the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London. He is noted for predicting the economic collapse of the Soviet Union in the 1980s.
Donald S. Zagoria is an American author and director of the Forum on Asia-Pacific Security. He worked for the RAND Corporation and taught at Hunter College. Zagoria was a consultant to the National Security Council and the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs of the State Department when Jimmy Carter was in office. He has written or edited four books and more than 300 articles on international relations.
Susan L. Marquis is the Charles and Marie Robertson Visiting Professor at the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs. According to her biography on the Princeton University website,“She teaches and writes on new approaches to public policy and policy analysis with the intent of affecting change in our communities through the combined efforts of the government,nonprofit,philanthropic,and private sectors.”
Jason Eric Bordoff is an American energy policy expert,and a researcher specializing in the intersection of economics,energy,environment,and national security. In April 2021,he was named a Co-Founding Dean of the Columbia Climate School. Since 2013 he has served as the founding director of the Center on Global Energy Policy at Columbia University's School of International and Public Affairs,where he is also a professor of professional practice. From 2009 to 2013 he served in senior roles in the Obama administration on the Council on Environmental Quality,the National Economic Council,and the National Security Council.
Pari Esfandiari is the co-founder and president of the Global TechnoPolitics Forum and CEO of Pario. She is a member of the At Large Advisory Committee (ALAC) at the ICANN,representing European region (Euralo),as well as a member of the GeoTech Action Council at the Atlantic Council. In addition,she serves at the APCO Worldwide’s International Advisory Council. She was a non-resident senior fellow at the Atlantic Council.
