Gymnastics is a type of sport that includes physical exercises requiring balance, strength, flexibility, agility, coordination, artistry and endurance. The movements involved in gymnastics contribute to the development of the arms, legs, shoulders, back, chest, and abdominal muscle groups. Gymnastics evolved from exercises used by the ancient Greeks that included skills for mounting and dismounting a horse, and from circus performance skills.
Trampolining or trampoline gymnastics is a competitive Olympic sport in which athletes perform acrobatics while bouncing on a trampoline. In competition, these can include simple jumps in the straight, pike, tuck, or straddle position to more complex combinations of forward and/or backward somersaults and twists. Scoring is based on the difficulty and on the total seconds spent in the air. Points are deducted for bad form and horizontal displacement from the center of the bed.
Artistic gymnastics is a discipline of gymnastics in which athletes perform short routines on different apparatuses. The sport is governed by the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG), which designs the Code of Points and regulates all aspects of elite international competition. Within individual countries, gymnastics is regulated by national federations like British Gymnastics and USA Gymnastics. Artistic gymnastics is a popular spectator sport at many competitions, including the Summer Olympic Games.
At the 2000 Summer Olympics, three different gymnastics disciplines were contested: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, and trampoline. The artistic gymnastics and trampoline events were held at the Sydney SuperDome on 16–25 September and 22–23 September, respectively. The rhythmic gymnastics events were held at Pavilion 3 of the Sydney Olympic Park on 28 September – 1 October.
At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, three disciplines of gymnastics were contested: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics and trampoline. The artistic gymnastics and trampoline events were held at the Olympic Indoor Hall and the rhythmic gymnastics events were held at the Galatsi Olympic Hall.
Karen Cockburn is a Canadian trampoline gymnast. She won a bronze medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the individual event. She won a gold medal at the 2003 Trampoline World Championships in Hannover, Germany in the same event and a bronze in the team event. At the 2004 Summer Olympics and 2008 Summer Olympics, she won a silver medal in the individual event.
Chellsie Marie Memmel is an American artistic gymnast. She is the 2005 world all-around champion and the 2003 world champion on the uneven bars. She was a member of the United States women's gymnastics team at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, China.
Kyla Briana Ross is a retired American artistic gymnast and current assistant coach for the Arkansas Razorbacks gymnastics team. She is the first female gymnast to win NCAA, World, and Olympic championship titles.
Charlotte Frances Drury is an American trampoline gymnast. At the 2014 Minsk World Cup, she finished at the top of the podium in the individual event, becoming the first American woman to win a gold medal in trampoline at a World Cup. That same year, she was crowned national champion at the USA Gymnastics Championships. She has been a member of the US Trampoline and Tumbling National Team since 2011, and was an alternate at the 2020 Summer Olympics games in Tokyo.
The women's artistic team all-around event at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 25 and 27 July 2021 at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre. There were 12 teams of 4 gymnasts each.
The women's artistic individual all-around event at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo was held at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre on 29 July 2021. Approximately 80 gymnasts from 49 nations competed in the all-around in the qualifying round.
The women's vault event at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 25 July and 1 August 2021 at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre. Unlike the other apparatus events, vault requires gymnasts to perform two exercises in order for results to count towards the vault final; most of the gymnasts perform only one or none. Approximately 20 gymnasts from 15 nations competed two vaults in the qualifying round.
The men's floor event at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 24 July and 1 August 2021 at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre. Approximately 70 gymnasts from 35 nations competed on floor in the qualifying round.
The women's floor event at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 25 July and 2 August 2021 at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre. Approximately 85 gymnasts from 53 nations competed on floor in the qualifying round.
The women's uneven bars event at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 25 July and 1 August 2021 at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre. Approximately 90 gymnasts from 53 nations competed on the uneven bars in the qualifying round.
The women's balance beam event at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 25 July and 3 August 2021 at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre. Approximately 90 gymnasts from 53 nations are expected to compete on the balance beam in the qualifying round.
Kara Eaker is a retired American artistic gymnast. On the balance beam she is the 2018 Pan American and 2019 Pan American Games champion and a two-time United States national silver medalist. On floor exercise she is the 2019 Pan American Games silver medalist and the 2018 Pan American bronze medalist. She was a member of the American teams that won gold at the 2018 and 2019 World Championships, the 2019 Pan American Games, and the 2018 Pan American Championships. She was an alternate for the 2020 Olympic team.
Dafne Carolina Navarro Loza is a Mexican trampoline gymnast. She is the 2018 and 2022 World synchro bronze medalist and was Mexico's first World medalist in trampoline. As an individual, she became Mexico's first Pan American Games medalist in trampoline when she won the silver medal at the 2015 Pan American Games, and she won the bronze medal at the 2019 Pan American Games. She competed at the 2020 Olympic Games, becoming the first trampoline gymnast to represent Mexico at the Olympics.
Madaline Davidson is a New Zealand trampoline gymnast. She competed at the 2020 Olympic Games and finished tenth in the qualification, making her the second reserve for the final. She is the first female trampolinist to represent New Zealand at the Olympics.
