HC Javaraya (1889-1946) was an Indian horticulturist who was the first Indian superintendent at the Lal Bagh Botanical Gardens in Bangalore. [1] He also set up the Fruit Research Station in Hessarghatta, which is now the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research. [2]
HC Javaraya was born in Madikeri, Kodagu district, and his schooling was at St Joseph's European High School, Bangalore and Central High School, Madikere. [3] He then joined Central College, Bangalore where he pursued a degree in Arts. [4] In 1913, he completed his formal education in agriculture from the Coimbatore Agricultural College. [4] Soon after graduating, he married his wife Nagamma, who hailed from a village in Hassan district. [4] On 18 July 1913, he joined the Mysore Horticultural Society as assistant superintendent, where he worked under Gustav Hermann Krumbiegel. [5] In the late 1910s, Javaraya went on to train at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [6]
In the early 1930s, Javaraya came back to India. Gustav Hermann Krumbiegel, who was then the superintendent of Lal Bagh, recommended Javaraya as his 'worthy successor'. [5] In 1934, Javaraya was appointed as the senior marketing officer at the newly formed Agricultural Produce Department of Greater India. During his time there, he helped start the Agmark certification mark. [5] As part of his duties as the director of horticulture, he was entrusted with managing the Brindavan Gardens and the Royal Fruit Orchard, 'Madhuvana'. [5]
In 1935, Javaraya extended the Lal Bagh glasshouse by adding a fourth, eastern wing using steel from Bhadravathi Iron and Steel. [5]
Javaraya founded the Government Fruit Research Station (FRS) in Hessaraghatta (now the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research), the Maddur Fruit Orchard, and the Ganjam Fig Garden. [5]
During his time at Kew, Javaraya received the Kew Garden Fellowship, the Royal Horticultural Society (FRHS) fellowship, and was a fellow of the Linnean Society of London (FLS). [5]
In 1940, he was given the title “Rao Bahadur” by the then viceroy of India. [5] The roundabout outside the main gate of Lal Bagh is known as Rao Bahadur HC Javaraya Circle. [5]
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Lalbagh Botanical Garden or simply Lalbagh, is a botanical garden in Bangalore, India, with an over 200-year history. First planned and laid out during the dalavaiship of King Hyder Ali, the garden was later managed under numerous British Superintendents before Indian Independence. It was responsible for the introduction and propagation of numerous ornamental plants as well as those of economic value. It also served a social function as a park and recreational space, with a central glass house dating from 1890 which was used for flower shows. In modern times, it hosts two flower shows coinciding with the week of Republic Day and Independence Day. As an urban green space along with Cubbon Park, it is also home to numerous wild species of birds and other wildlife. The garden also has a lake adjoining a large rock on which a watchtower had been constructed during the reign of Kempegowda II.
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Bengaluru is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Karnataka. With a population of over 15 million, Bengaluru is the third largest city in India and 27th largest city in the world. Bengaluru is one of the most ethnically diverse cities in the country, with over 51% of the city's population being migrants from other parts of India. Historically a multicultural city, Bengaluru has experienced a dramatic social and cultural change with the advent of the liberalization and expansion of the information technology and business process outsourcing industries in India. IT companies in Bangalore employ over 35% of India's pool of 1 million IT professionals.
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