An illustration of Justitia | |
History | |
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Denmark & Norway | |
Name | Justitia |
Namesake | Justitia |
Builder | Henrik Gerner, Nyholm, Copenhagen |
Laid down | 8 June 1776 [1] |
Launched | 2 September 1777 [1] |
Commissioned | 1780 |
Out of service | 1807 |
Fate | Taken by the British at second Battle of Copenhagen (1807) |
General characteristics | |
Class and type | Prindsesse Sophia Frederica Class ship of the line [2] |
Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
United Kingdom | |
Name | Justitia |
Acquired | By capture by the British at second Battle of Copenhagen (1807) |
Fate | Broken up 1817 |
General characteristics (British service) [1] | |
Tons burthen | 175811⁄94 (bm) |
Length |
|
Depth of hold | 19 ft 9 in (6.0 m) |
Complement | 590 |
Armament |
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HDMS Justitia was a Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy ship-of-the-line, built to a design by Henrik Gerner. [3] Although launched in 1777, she was not fully commissioned until 1780. [4] The British Royal Navy seized her in 1807, together with the rest of the Danish fleet after the second battle of Copenhagen. The British never commissioned Justitia. A renaming to Orford in 1809 was cancelled. She was broken up in 1817.
HDMS Justitia served in the home fleet based in Copenhagen for the whole of its active life in the Danish navy, when new acting as flagship to the admiral commanding the home squadron. [lower-alpha 1] Her captains and admirals include
Justitia does not appear to have been involved in the 1801 battle of Copenhagen but was present at the 1807 battle when the majority of the Danish fleet was surrendered to the British. At that point the Royal Danish Navy struck her from the lists.
Justitia was one of the many ships the British Royal Navy seized after the battle. She arrived at Portsmouth on 5 December 1807 and then was laid up. [1]
The "Principal Officers and Commissioners of His Majesty's Navy" first offered Justitia, of 74 guns and 1758 tons, for sale and breaking up in July 1814. [15] The successful purchaser had to give a bond to complete the breaking up within one year. However she did not sell.
In February 1817 the Navy used her for experiments with Robert Seppings diagonal braces. She was then broken up at Portsmouth in March 1817. [1]
Jens Schou Fabricius was the Norwegian appointed Minister of the Navy 1817–1818. He served as a representative for Søe-Deffensionen at the Norwegian Constitutional Assembly at Eidsvoll in 1814. During his naval career he served first the Danish Crown until the separation in 1814 of Norway from Denmark, and thereafter the Norwegian-Swedish Crown. Fabricius retired from the navy as a vice admiral.
The name of Steen Andersen Bille is closely associated with one extended family of Danish naval officers over several generations.
Jochum Nicolay Müller was a Norwegian naval officer who, as a midshipman, excelled at mathematics. As a junior lieutenant he met Horatio Nelson, and as a captain commanded the Finnmark squadron. He finally rose to the rank of Vice Admiral in the independent Royal Norwegian Navy.
Battle of Rügen was a major naval battle fought on August 8, 1715 off Jasmund on the Swedish island of Rügen during the Great Northern War.
HDMS Elephanten was a ship of the line of the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy that served from 1703 to 1728. There were three other Danish ships-of-the line of the same name, dating from 1684, 1741 and 1773. The ship was sometimes referred to as Nye Elefant to differentiate from others of similar name. For much of her service career, which coincided with the Great Northern War, Elephanten was the flagship of the Danish fleet active in the Baltic Sea.
Christian Wulff was a Danish naval officer. He commanded HDMS Bellona on her expedition to South America in 1840–41.
Andreas Lous was a Danish naval officer responsible for early navigational charts of Danish Waters and the dredging of harbours, in addition to sea-time on various Danish warships. He was captain of the ship-of-the-line HDMS Printz Friderich when she ran aground in 1780 near Læsø and was a total loss.
HDMS Printz Friderich was a ship-of-the-line launched in 1764, to a design by Frederik Michael Krabbe, a naval officer and leading ship designer of that period. Two other ships — Norske Løve and Øresund — were constructed to the same design. Little is known of her service history beyond that she received a new keel in 1775. She was lost in 1780. Her wreck was rediscovered in 2018 by Kim Schmidt/Undervandsgruppen
HDMS Friderichsværn was a Danish frigate built at Nyeholm, Copenhagen, in 1783. The British Royal Navy captured her in 1807 and took her into service as HMS Frederickscoarn. It sold her in 1814.
Henrik Lorentz Fisker was a successful naval officer in the service of Denmark. He was the son of an attorney at the supreme court, and deputy mayor of Copenhagen. From the age of thirteen as a cadet in the Danish-Norwegian navy, he rose through the ranks to vice admiral in 1775 and full admiral in 1790. He died 20 June 1797 and was buried in the Holmens Kirkegård, the Danish naval cemetery, in Copenhagen.
Henrik Gerner (1742–1787) was a Danish naval officer who specialised in shipbuilding and naval architecture. His interests as an entrepreneurial engineer led to unsinkable gun platforms, horse-driven dredging machines, and desalination equipment for Orient-bound trading ships.
The family name Stibolt was closely associated with the Danish-Norwegian navy of the 18th century and with the island of Christiansø from the time that Hans Anderson Stibolt was appointed commandant of those most easterly islands of Denmark. His three sons all held naval officer rank, as did many of the subsequent generations, serving with a varied amount of success. Three generations held the post of Commandant on Christiansø.
Frantz Christopher Henrik Hohlenberg was a Danish naval officer who specialised in ship design and had little seagoing experience. He succeeded Ernst Wilhelm Stibolt as Master Shipbuilder (fabriksmester) at the Royal Danish Dockyards in 1796. His ships included five ships of the line and 18 frigates. Three of the ships of the line and nine of the frigates were captured at the 1807 Battle of Copenhagen and subsequently added to the Royal Navy. He resigned after a controversy in 1803.
Rasmus Krag (1680–1755) was a Danish naval officer who first became a junior lieutenant in 1700 and vice-admiral in 1736. He aspired to be a naval architect but his efforts proved unsatisfactory.
HDMS Ørnen (1694) was a frigate in the Royal Danish Navy active during the Great Northern War
Olfert Fasvier Fischer was a naval officer in the service of the Danish crown who became a director of the Danish Asia Company and completed his career as a vice admiral.
The Naval Blockade of Reval was a blockade of the Russian fleet in the harbour of Reval in the summer of 1726 by a joint force of British and Danish ships.
HDMS Det Store Bælt was a frigate of the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy, launched in 1782. In 1800, she was sold to the Danish Asiatic Company and renamed Holsteen.
HDMS Nidelven was a brig launched at Copenhagen on 1 December 1792. She was present at both British attacks on Copenhagen, and the British Royal Navy seized her at Copenhagen on 7 September 1807 at the surrender of Copenhagen. The British took her into service as HMS Nid Elven. She served between 1808 and 1809, during which time she captured a small French privateer. She was laid up in 1809. The Navy sold her in 1814.
HDMS Justitia was a ship-of-the-line designed by Ole Judichaer built at Nyholm, Copenhagen for the Royal Danish-Norwegian Navy.