Odin | |
History | |
---|---|
Denmark | |
Name | Odin |
Namesake | Odin |
Builder | Naval Dockyard, Copenhagen |
Laid down | 13 April 1871 |
Launched | 12 December 1872 |
Commissioned | 7 September 1874 |
Decommissioned | 12 June 1912 |
Fate | Scrapped 1912 |
General characteristics | |
Type | Central battery ironclad |
Displacement | 3,170 tonnes (3,120 long tons) |
Length | 73.4 m (240 ft 10 in) |
Beam | 14.78 m (48 ft 6 in) |
Draft | 5 m (16 ft) |
Installed power | 2,300 ihp (1,700 kW) |
Propulsion | 1 shaft, 1 trunk steam engine |
Speed | 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) |
Range | 1,200 nmi (2,200 km; 1,400 mi) at 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph) |
Complement | 206 |
Armament |
|
Armor |
The Danish ironclad Odin was a central battery ironclad built for the Royal Danish Navy in the 1870s. She was scrapped in 1912.
The ship was 73.4 meters (240 ft 10 in) long overall with a beam of 14.78 meters (48 ft 6 in). She had a draft of 5 meters (16 ft 5 in) and displaced 3,170 metric tons (3,120 long tons). Her crew consisted of 206 officers and enlisted men. She was fitted with a retractable spur ram in the bow. [1] The ship was reconstruction in 1898 to give her main guns better arcs of fire and an armored conning tower was added. [2]
Odin had one horizontal direct-acting steam engine, built by Burmeister & Wain, [2] that drove a single propeller shaft. The engine was rated at a 2,300 indicated horsepower (1,700 kW) for a designed speed of 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph). The ship carried a maximum of 177 metric tons (174 long tons; 195 short tons) of coal [1] that gave her a range of 1,200 nmi (2,200 km; 1,400 mi) at 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph). [2]
She was initially armed with four single Armstrong 254-millimeter (10.0 in) rifled muzzle-loading (RML) guns mounted in the armored citadel and six 76-millimeter (3.0 in) guns. In 1883, the 76-millimeter guns were replaced by four 87-millimeter (3.4 in) rifled breech-loading guns. [2] The 254-millimeter guns were later converted into 16-caliber breech-loading guns by Krupp. [1]
The ship had a complete waterline armored belt that ranged in thickness from 102 to 303 millimeters (4.0 to 11.9 in). The battery was protected by 178-millimeter (7.0 in) armor plates. The deck armor was 26 millimeters (1.0 in) thick. The conning tower was protected by armor plates 142 millimeters (5.6 in) thick. [2]
Odin, named for the eponymous god from Norse legend, was laid down by the Naval Dockyard in Copenhagen on 13 April 1871, launched on 12 December 1872 and completed on 7 September 1874. [3]
In August 1895, Odin led the summer maneuver squadron, which also included the coastal defense ship Gorm and the gunboats Grønland, Falster, Grønland, Møn, and Little Belt. Odin served as the flagship of Rear Admiral Kock. The squadron was established on 7 August, and it was joined by the cruisers Fyen, Dagmar, Abaslon, and Diana, along with several small torpedo boats and other small craft. The training exercises lasted until 20 September. [4]
She was stricken from the Navy List on 12 June 1912 and sold for scrap. The ship was broken up in the Netherlands. [3]
Jeanne d'Arc was a wooden-hulled armored corvette built for the French Navy in the late 1860s. She was named for Joan of Arc, a Roman Catholic saint and heroine of the Hundred Years War. Jeanne d'Arc participated in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871 and remained in commission afterwards, unlike many of her sisters. The ship was condemned in 1883, but nothing further is known as to her disposition.
Francesco Ferruccio was a Giuseppe Garibaldi-class armored cruiser built for the Royal Italian Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. The ship made several deployments to the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant during her career. At the beginning of the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–12 she bombarded Tripoli and then Beirut in early 1912 before being transferred to Libya. During World War I, Francesco Ferruccio's activities were limited by the threat of Austro-Hungarian submarines and she became a training ship in 1919. The ship was struck from the naval register in 1930 and subsequently scrapped.
Giuseppe Garibaldi was the 7th ship of the Giuseppe Garibaldi class of armored cruisers built for the Royal Italian Navy in the 1890s. She was built to replace lead ship of her class, which was sold to Argentina and renamed the ARA Garibaldi. The ship often served as a flagship and made several deployments to the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant during her career. At the beginning of the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–12 she bombarded Tripoli. Giuseppe Garibaldi bombarded Beirut in early 1912 and sank an Ottoman ironclad there. Several months later she bombarded the defenses of the Dardanelles.
The French ironclad Alma was a wooden-hulled armored corvette built for the French Navy in the late 1860s. The lead ship of her class, she was named after the 1854 Battle of Alma of the Crimean War. The ship spent her early career on the China Station and later supported the French occupation of Tunisia in 1881. She was condemned in 1886, but was not sold until 1893.
The French ironclad Montcalm was a wooden-hulled armored corvette built for the French Navy in the mid-1860s. She was named after Major General Montcalm who lost the Battle of the Plains of Abraham in 1759. She played a minor role in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871 where she captured one Prussian sailing ship. Montcalm spent most of her later career abroad, either in Chinese waters or in the Pacific Ocean. The ship was condemned in 1891.
The French ironclad Thétis was a wooden-hulled armored corvette built for the French Navy in the late 1860s. She was named for the Greek sea-goddess Thetis. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871 she was assigned to a squadron of French ships that attempted to blockade the Prussian ports in the Baltic Sea in 1870. She accidentally rammed her sister Reine Blanche in 1877. En route to the Pacific in 1884 her propeller fell off and she had to return to France under sail. Thétis was eventually hulked in New Caledonia.
The Brazilian ironclad Brasil was an armored corvette built in France for the Brazilian Navy in the mid-1860s. Configured as a central-battery ironclad, she served during the 1864–70 War of the Triple Alliance between Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay against Paraguay.
HNoMS Mjølner, named after the hammer of the god Thor, was the fourth of five ships of the John Ericsson-class monitors built for the Royal Swedish Navy and the Royal Norwegian Navy in the mid-1860s. Influenced by the use of ironclads during the American Civil War, the design was based on that of USS Monitor. They were designed under the supervision of the Swedish-born inventor John Ericsson—coincidentally designer of Monitor—and built in Sweden. Mjølner was delivered in 1868. She ran aground the following year, without serious damage, and reconstructed in 1897 with later breech-loading guns. Mjølner was sold for scrap in 1909.
The Danish ironclad Lindormen was a monitor built for the Royal Danish Navy in the 1860s. She was scrapped in 1907.
The Danish ironclad Gorm was a monitor built for the Royal Danish Navy in the 1860s. She was scrapped in 1912.
HDMS Helgoland was a coast defence barbette ironclad bult for the Royal Danish Navy in the late 1870s. The ship was decommissioned in 1907 and subsequently scrapped.
Tordenskjold was a torpedo ram built for the Royal Danish Navy in the early 1880s. The ship was sold for scrap in 1908.
The Spanish ironclad Numancia was an armored frigate bought from France during the 1860s for service with the Royal Spanish Navy. The name was derived from the Siege of Numantia, in which Roman expansion in the Iberian Peninsula was resisted. She was the first ironclad to circumnavigate the Earth. She saw service in the Chincha Islands War and Cantonal Revolution.
The Spanish ironclad Vitoria was an iron-hulled armored frigate purchased from England during the 1860s. The ship participated on both sides during the Cantonal rebellion of 1873–1874, first on the rebel side and then after her crew surrendered to neutral warships, on the government side. She played a major role in the Battle off Cartagena for the government. Vitoria bombarded rebel towns from 1874 to 1876 during the Third Carlist War. The ship was reconstructed in the late 1890s and reclassified as a coast-defense ship, although she served as a training ship until she was scrapped in 1912.
The Spanish ironclad Sagunto was a wooden-hulled armored frigate built for the Royal Spanish Navy in the 1860s and 1870s. She was originally built as a large ship of the line, but was converted into a central-battery ironclad while still under construction. She was stricken from the naval register in 1891.
The ironclad Zaragoza was a Royal Spanish Navy wooden-hulled armored frigate completed in 1868. She later served as a training ship and was stricken from the naval register in 1896.
The Provence-class ironclads consisted of 10 ironclad frigates built for the French Navy during the 1860s. Only one of the sister ships was built with an wrought iron hull; the others were built in wood. By 1865 they were armed with eleven 194-millimeter (7.6 in) guns and played a minor role in the 1870–1871 Franco-Prussian War. The ships began to be disposed of in the early 1880s, although several lingered on in subsidiary roles for another decade before they followed their sisters to the scrap yard.
The Gloire-class ironclads were a group of three wooden-hulled armored frigates built for the French Navy in the late 1850s and early 1860s. Gloire, the lead ship of the class, was the first ocean-going ironclad warship to be built by any country. The ships of the Gloire class were classified as armoured frigates because they only had a single gun deck and their traditional disposition of guns arrayed along the length of the hull also meant that they were broadside ironclads.
HNLMS Guinea was an Buffel-class monitor built for the Royal Netherlands Navy in the early 1870s. Rearmed in 1887 with more modern ordnance, she was sold for scrap in 1897.
The Drache-class ironclads were a pair of wooden-hulled armored frigates built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy in the 1860s, the first ironclads built for Austria-Hungary. Ordered in response to a pair of Italian ironclads in 1860, Drache and Salamander were laid down in early 1861, launched later that year, and completed in 1862. They participated in the Austrian victory over the Italians in the Battle of Lissa, where Drache destroyed the coastal defense ship Palestro, one of two Italian ships sunk in the action. Both ships were withdrawn from front-line service in 1875. Drache's hull was in poor condition, so she was discarded and eventually broken up in 1883, and Salamander became a harbor guard ship. She was hulked in 1883 and converted into floating storage for naval mines before being scrapped in 1895–1896.