The source of the Hachinger Bach is in a former glacial valley between the districts of Deisenhofen and Oberhaching, where water from the Deininger wetland flows as groundwater through the Gleißental, which connects to the Hachinger Tal. About 100 metres into the Hachinger Tal, the ground becomes progressively wetter due to exudation of groundwater, until a small stream forms. Due to fluctuations in the water table, no location can be assigned as the source.
To keep the stream from running dry, water is piped into it. The stream is further fed by additional groundwater and influx from sources such as the Taufkirchen duckpond. The flint layer that had kept the groundwater close to the surface, allowing the stream to form, drops deeper just north of Unterhaching, which also causes the water table to drop. That would have caused the river to go underground in the gravel of the Munich floodplain, but due to the formation of a silt bed caused by the stream itself, it only goes underground just north of Ostpark at the borders of the districts of Perlach, Ramersdorf and Berg am Laim.
Like almost all waterways in Germany, the Hachinger Bach was regulated in the past, and had its course altered to suit current requirements, for example being routed around Neubiberg air base. In the meantime, long sections of the riverbed were restored, for example in the Hachinger Tal landscape park at the location of the previous airfield.
The stream currently flows along the western edge of the Ostpark and then crosses under Heinrich-Wieland-Straße, and ends after a further 120 m in an intake with an automatic rake to remove fouling from the grate. An infiltration basin next to the intake serves to contain water when the flow rate is too high for the intake, to avoid flooding. Since 1933, the stream has been carried by an underground concrete pipeline from this point up to the railway triangle south of the A94 at the southernmost point of the Munich district called Bogenhausen, where it feeds the Hüllgraben, which starts from there. The pipe runs under Kampenwandstraße, turns along the Hachinger-Bach-Straße east until St.-Veit-Straße. It runs north under St.-Veit-Straße until it leads to the point when it flows into the Hüllgraben. The Hüllgraben flows into the Johanneskirchen wetland in the Abfanggraben, which flows into the central Isar canal at the Neufinsing hydroelectric station.
Since the 1980s, the residents of Berg am Laim have requested that the 3.8km section between Ostpark and Hüllgraben should be brought to the surface. From the underground intake to the Josephsburg U-Bahn station pavilion at Kreillerstraße, there is already a dry riverbed, but the original plans to route the stream to the surface at the 2005 Bundesgartenschau failed due to budget insufficiencies. In 2009 the plan was raised again at a citizens' meeting, without concrete results As of 2010[update].
The name of the stream is derived from the HachoBavarii, who built settlements along the stream in the 5th and 8th centuries.
The stream used to dry up approximately every seven years, and would reappear in the following year. Because the connection with groundwater was not known in these days, a number of legends grew up around the stream, in which the devil was made responsible for the disappearance of the stream. Other variants describe two brothers disputing about who would inherit a mill on the stream: because they could not agree, God made the stream vanish into the earth upstream of the mill, so that it would not run anymore.
Groundwater is the water present beneath Earth's surface in rock and soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations. About 30 percent of all readily available freshwater in the world is groundwater. A unit of rock or an unconsolidated deposit is called an aquifer when it can yield a usable quantity of water. The depth at which soil pore spaces or fractures and voids in rock become completely saturated with water is called the water table. Groundwater is recharged from the surface; it may discharge from the surface naturally at springs and seeps, and can form oases or wetlands. Groundwater is also often withdrawn for agricultural, municipal, and industrial use by constructing and operating extraction wells. The study of the distribution and movement of groundwater is hydrogeology, also called groundwater hydrology.
A gully is a landform created by running water, mass movement, or commonly a combination of both eroding sharply into soil or other relatively erodible material, typically on a hillside or in river floodplains or terraces. Gullies resemble large ditches or small valleys, but are metres to tens of metres in depth and width and are characterised by a distinct 'headscarp' or 'headwall' and progress by headward erosion. Gullies are commonly related to intermittent or ephemeral water flow usually associated with localised intense or protracted rainfall events, or snowmelt. Gullies can be formed and accelerated by cultivation practices on hillslopes in farmland, and they can develop rapidly in rangelands from existing natural erosion forms subject to vegetative cover removal and livestock activity.
A body of water or waterbody is any significant accumulation of water on the surface of Earth or another planet. The term most often refers to oceans, seas, and lakes, but it includes smaller pools of water such as ponds, wetlands, or more rarely, puddles. A body of water does not have to be still or contained; rivers, streams, canals, and other geographical features where water moves from one place to another are also considered bodies of water.
The River Lambourn is a chalk stream in the English county of Berkshire. It rises in the Berkshire Downs near its namesake village of Lambourn and is a tributary of the River Kennet, which is itself a tributary of the River Thames.
The Schwalm (German) or Swalm (Dutch), is a small river in Germany and the Netherlands, tributary to the river Meuse. Its source is near Wegberg, in the district Heinsberg, south-west of Mönchengladbach, in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany). The Schwalm flows through Wegberg and Brüggen before flowing into the Meuse across the border with the Netherlands, in Swalmen. Its total length is 45 km.
In water-related science and engineering, there are two similar but distinct definitions in use for the word drawdown:
A phreatophyte is a deep-rooted plant that obtains a significant portion of the water that it needs from the phreatic zone or the capillary fringe above the phreatic zone. Phreatophytes are plants that are supplied with surface water and often have their roots constantly in touch with moisture. A phreatophyte is one that absorbs its water from a constant source on the ground. They can usually be found along streams where there is a steady flow of surface or groundwater in areas where the water table is near the surface.
The Selz is a river in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, and a left hand tributary of the Rhine. It flows through the largest German wine region, Rheinhessen.
Groundwater recharge or deep drainage or deep percolation is a hydrologic process, where water moves downward from surface water to groundwater. Recharge is the primary method through which water enters an aquifer. This process usually occurs in the vadose zone below plant roots and is often expressed as a flux to the water table surface. Groundwater recharge also encompasses water moving away from the water table farther into the saturated zone. Recharge occurs both naturally and through anthropogenic processes, where rainwater and or reclaimed water is routed to the subsurface.
A stream is a continuous body of surface water flowing within the bed and banks of a channel. Depending on its location or certain characteristics, a stream may be referred to by a variety of local or regional names. Long large streams are usually called rivers, while smaller, less voluminous and more intermittent streams are known as streamlets, brooks or creeks.
Freshwater biology is the scientific biological study of freshwater ecosystems and is a branch of limnology. This field seeks to understand the relationships between living organisms in their physical environment. These physical environments may include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, lakes, reservoirs, or wetlands. Knowledge from this discipline is also widely used in industrial processes to make use of biological processes involved with sewage treatment and water purification. Water presence and flow is an essential aspect to species distribution and influences when and where species interact in freshwater environments.
The Nambung River is a river in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, 170 kilometres (106 mi) north of Perth. The river drains an area between the towns of Cervantes and Badgingarra. In its lower reaches the Nambung River forms a chain of waterholes in the Nambung Wetlands where it disappears underground into a limestone karst system 5.5 kilometres (3 mi) from the Indian Ocean.
Česma is a river in central Croatia, a left tributary of the river Lonja-Trebež. It is 106 km (66 mi) long, and its catchment area is 3,253 km2 (1,256 sq mi).
Kissingen Spring was a natural spring formerly flowing in Polk County, Southwest Florida. It was also a venue for recreation until it dried up in 1950. Hundreds of wells drilled into the Floridan Aquifer may have caused the demise of the springs. Its site is located near the northern end of Peace River, approximately 3/4 mile east of U.S. Highway 17 and 4 miles south of Florida SR 60 / south of Bartow.
The Sahibi river, also called the Sabi River, is an ephemeral, rain-fed river flowing through Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi states in India. It drains into Yamuna in Delhi, where its channeled course is also called the Najafgarh drain, which also serves as Najafgarh drain bird sanctuary. Sahibi is a seasonal river which is 300 km long and flows from Aravalli hills in Rajasthan to Haryana, of which 100 km is in Haryana.
Neuperlach is a borough in the southeast of the Bavarian capital, Munich. and is part of the city district no. 16, Ramersdorf-Perlach. It was built starting in 1967 east of the former village of Perlach on the ground of the former Perlacher Haid. Neuperlach is located east of the boroughs Ramersdorf and Perlach, south of the city districts no. 14 and no. 15 (Trudering-Riem), west of the borough Waldperlach and north of Unterbiberg. The borough encompasses multiplehousing estates, including several high-rise estates, and is one of Germany's biggest satellite towns. In the center of Neuperlach the large pep shopping mall is located, one of the most profitable shopping centers in Germany. The Hachinger Bach runs through the western part of Neuperlach from north to south. The stream also passes through the western part of the Ostpark.
Ramersdorf-Perlach is a borough of Munich. It is located south-east of the city center and is the most populous of Munich's boroughs with a population of about 116,000. It consists of the five districts Ramersdorf, Balanstraße West, Altperlach, Neuperlach and Waldperlach.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Munich:
The Munich gravel plain is an outwash plain in Upper Bavaria, Germany, formed during Late Pleistocene glacial periods. Characterized by its very wide extension, it comprises sandur terraces and the floodplain of the Isar river. These most recent deposits overlie the Neogene Molasse basin of the Alpine Foreland, which in contrast comprises fine-grained fluviatile and lacustrine facies.
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