Halecostomi

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Halecostomi
Amia calva 1908.jpg
Amia calva (bowfin)
Hiodon tergisus NOAA.jpg
Hiodon tergisus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Subclass: Neopterygii
(unranked): Halecostomi
Regan, 1903
Subdivisions

Halecostomi is the name of a group of neopterygian fish uniting the halecomorphs (represented by the living bowfin and many extinct groups) and the teleosts, the largest group of extant ray-finned fish. [1]

Outdated phylogenetic hypothesis of Actinopterygii proposing a sister group relationship between Amiiformes (Halecomorphi) and Teleostei Cladogram of basal actinopterygians and neopterygians.png
Outdated phylogenetic hypothesis of Actinopterygii proposing a sister group relationship between Amiiformes (Halecomorphi) and Teleostei


The Halecostomi hypothesis and the Holostei hypothesis are two competing hypotheses explaining the evolutionary relationships of living ray-finned fish. The Holostei hypothesis is better supported, rendering the Halecostomi a paraphyletic group (i.e., rejecting the Halecostomi hypothesis). [2] [3] [4] [5]

The Holostei hypothesis posits that Ginglymodi (gars and their fossil relatives) and Halecomorphi form a clade, called Holostei, and that the Holostei are the sister group to the Teleostei.

Neopterygii
Holostei

Ginglymodi (gars and their fossil relatives) Alligator gar fish (white background).jpg

Halecomorphi (bowfin and its fossil relatives) Amia calva (white background).jpg

Teleostei Common carp (white background).jpg

References

  1. ↑ Patterson C. Interrelationships of holosteans. In: Greenwood P H, Miles R S, Patterson C, eds. Interrelationships of Fishes. Zool J Linn Soc, 1973, 53(Suppl): 233–305
  2. ↑ Grande, Lance; Bemis, William E. (1998). "A Comprehensive Phylogenetic Study of Amiid Fishes (Amiidae) Based on Comparative Skeletal Anatomy. an Empirical Search for Interconnected Patterns of Natural History". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 18 (sup001): 1–696. Bibcode:1998JVPal..18S...1G. doi:10.1080/02724634.1998.10011114.
  3. ↑ López-Arbarello, Adriana; Sferco, Emilia (March 2018). "Neopterygian phylogeny: the merger assay". Royal Society Open Science. 5 (3) 172337. Bibcode:2018RSOS....572337L. doi: 10.1098/rsos.172337 . PMC   5882744 . PMID   29657820.
  4. ↑ Betancur-R (2016). "Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes Version 4". Archived from the original on 2017-07-11. Retrieved 2021-06-06.
  5. ↑ Nelson, Joseph, S. (2016). Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


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