| Heath Parasol | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Parasol, photographed in 1935. [Notes 1] | |
| Role | Home-built aircraft |
| National origin | United States |
| Manufacturer | Heath |
| Designer | Edward Bayard Heath |
| First flight | 1926 |
| Introduction | Parasol (1926); 1927 (Super Parasol); 1930 (V Parasol; 1931 (LN Parasol) |
| Primary user | Recreational flyers |
The Heath Parasol is an American single or two seat, [1] open-cockpit, parasol winged, homebuilt monoplane.
In 1926, Edward Bayard Heath, a successful American air racer and the owner of an aircraft parts supply business, built the first example of the Heath Parasol, a small, single seat parasol winged airplane using surplus wings from a Thomas-Morse S-4, a World War One fighter trainer, mounted above a steel-tube structure fuselage and powered by a Henderson four-cylinder motorcycle engine. [1] This was the prototype for a series of single and two-seat recreational craft that utilized the Clark Y airfoil. In 1929 Modern Mechanix magazine published the plans in a series [2] [ failed verification ] and the plans were reprinted in their "1930 Flying & Gliding Manual," which in turn has been reprinted periodically by the EAA (Experimental Aircraft Association). [1]
Although Heath died in 1931, his Parasol designs remained extremely popular, being economical to build and operate as well as easy to fly. Subsequently, the Heath Company of St. Joseph / Benton Harbor Michigan sold nearly 1,000 kits on an installment basis. [3] Fewer than 50 aircraft were factory built, but several hundred were completed and flown by homebuilders during the Great Depression. Heath is remembered today for having helped pioneer the homebuilt aircraft industry and for having introduced the kit concept of packaging the materials needed to build an aircraft.
When it ceased producing aircraft kits to concentrate on electronics (Heathkit), the Heath Company sold the ATC (CAA Aircraft Type Certificate) for the LNA-40 (ATC-487) [4] to the EAA, who continued to sell original plans to potential homebuilders. [1]
Except for the prototype, the wings consist of two solid spruce spars, built up wooden ribs, compression struts, and internal drag and anti-drag bracing. The Parasol's empennage is built of wood and is externally braced. Depending on the model, the fuselage was built of wood, bolted steel tube, or welded steel tube. [3] The wing, empennage, and fuselage are fabric covered. Two five gallon fuel tanks are typically installed at the root end of each wing, the fuel being gravity fed, sometimes to a small collector tank behind the firewall. The only tools necessary to assemble one of the Parasol kits were a pair of small pliers, screwdriver, hacksaw (with plenty of blades), hammer, small hand drill, chisel, center punch, file and drill.[ citation needed ]
A variety of powerplants could be fitted, including the factory-supplied converted Henderson Motorcycle engine (viz. 25 hp (19 kW) Heath-Henderson B-4). Post-war, the VW boxer engine was used as well. [1]
Production of an early version was undertaken as early as 1931, in Australia, by the Adcock-Heath Company.
Home building encourages local variations that blur type definitions for non-certificated versions.
Data from Aviation [23]
General characteristics
Performance
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