Heino Falcke | |
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Born | Cologne, Germany | 26 September 1966
Occupation(s) | professor of radio astronomy and astroparticle physics |
Awards | Spinoza Prize (2011) Henry Draper Medal (2021) |
Academic background | |
Alma mater | University of Cologne, University of Bonn (MSc, PhD, Dr. habil.) |
Academic work | |
Institutions | Radboud University Nijmegen |
Website | www |
Heino Falcke (Cologne,26 September 1966) is a German professor of radio astronomy and astroparticle physics at the Radboud University Nijmegen (Netherlands). [1] His main field of study is black holes,and he is the originator of the concept of the 'black hole shadow'. [2] In 2019,Falcke announced the first Event Horizon Telescope results at the EHT Press Conference in Brussels. [3]
Falcke studied physics at the University of Cologne from 1986 to 1987,and then at the University of Bonn from 1987 where he graduated with a Diploma (equivalent to a master's degree) in Physics in 1992. He subsequently obtained a PhD degree in Astronomy summa cum laude in 1994 from the University of Bonn. [1] [4]
Falcke subsequently worked as a scientist for the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Bonn (1995–1995),the University of Maryland (1995–1997),and the University of Arizona (1999). [1] He was conferred a Habilitation by the University of Bonn in 2000. [5] From 2000 to 2003,he was a staff scientist at the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Bonn. [6] [7]
In 2003,Falcke became adjunct professor of Radio Astronomy and Astroparticle physics at Radboud University Nijmegen. He also started working for ASTRON,the radio astronomy institute of the Netherlands. In 2007,he became a full professor at Nijmegen. [1]
Falcke is involved in theoretical astronomy as well as observational and experimental studies. [8] Falcke was one of the leading forces behind the radio telescope LOFAR. [1] [9] Apart from his work with LOFAR,he was also involved in the development of the Square Kilometre Array. [8]
In 2000 he predicted it would be possible to make measurements near the edge of a black hole. Four years later,his team managed to do that. [8]
In 2013,Falcke,together with Luciano Rezzolla of the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics proposed that blitzars could be an explanation for fast radio bursts. [10] Blitzars would occur when a supramassive rotating neutron star slows down enough,loses its magnetic field,and then turns into a black hole. [11] [12]
Falcke predicted that near the edges of a black hole,there would be a 'black hole shadow' that could be detected by a radio telescope. [2] [9] This shadow was eventually observed with the Event Horizon Telescope. On 10 April 2019,the project announced that they created an image of the black hole at the centre of M87 (M87*). [13] On 12 May 2022 followed the image of the central black hole in the Milky Way (Sagittarius A*). [14] [15]
Falcke wishes to place a radio telescope on the Moon and has worked with NASA and European Space Agency researchers to devise a plan to make this happen. [16]
In 2020, Falcke co-published together with Jörg Römer the popular science book Licht im Dunkeln: Schwarze Löcher, das Universum und wir. In English, it has been translated as Light in the Darkness – Black Holes, the Universe and Us. [37] The book also has translations in German, Dutch, Spanish, Italian and Finnish.
Falcke is a devout Christian and serves as lay pastor in the Protestant Church in Germany. [38] [39] He views his faith as a way of achieving internal rest, as well as a motivation to conduct science. [38]
Nijmegen is the largest city in the Dutch province of Gelderland and the tenth largest of the Netherlands as a whole. Located on the Waal River close to the German border, Nijmegen is one of the oldest cities in the Netherlands and the first to be recognized as such in Roman times. In 2005, it celebrated 2,000 years of existence.
Sagittarius A*, abbreviated Sgr A*, is the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center of the Milky Way. Viewed from Earth, it is located near the border of the constellations Sagittarius and Scorpius, about 5.6° south of the ecliptic, visually close to the Butterfly Cluster (M6) and Lambda Scorpii.
Radboud University (abbreviated as RU, Dutch: Radboud Universiteit, formerly Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen) is a public research university located in Nijmegen, the Netherlands. The university bears the name of Saint Radboud, a 9th-century Dutch bishop who was known for his intellect and support of the underprivileged.
The Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) is a large radio telescope, with an antenna network located mainly in the Netherlands, and spreading across 7 other European countries as of 2019. Originally designed and built by ASTRON, the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, it was first opened by Queen Beatrix of The Netherlands in 2010, and has since been operated on behalf of the International LOFAR Telescope (ILT) partnership by ASTRON.
The LOPES project was a cosmic ray detector array, located in Karlsruhe, Germany, and is operated in coincidence with an existing, well calibrated air shower experiment called KASCADE. In 2013, after approximately 10 years of measurements, LOPES was finally switched off and dismantled.
The Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie is a research institute of the Max Planck Society (MPG). It is located in Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany near the top of the Königstuhl, adjacent to the historic Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl astronomical observatory. The institute primarily conducts basic research in the natural sciences in the field of astronomy.
Pieter Timotheus "Tim" de Zeeuw is a Dutch astronomer specializing in the formation, structure and dynamics of galaxies. From 2007 to 2017 he was the director general of European Southern Observatory. He is married to astronomer Ewine van Dishoeck. In May 2022, Leiden University suspended him after an internal review concluded that over several years he repeatedly belittled and insulted women in public and abused his position of power as a professor by threatening to damage their scientific careers; and that in addition to intimidation and inappropriate behavior there was "a component of sexual harassment". The Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics announced that they will no longer work with him and the European Southern Observatory banned him from accessing their premises.
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a large telescope array consisting of a global network of radio telescopes. The EHT project combines data from several very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) stations around Earth, which form a combined array with an angular resolution sufficient to observe objects the size of a supermassive black hole's event horizon. The project's observational targets include the two black holes with the largest angular diameter as observed from Earth: the black hole at the center of the supergiant elliptical galaxy Messier 87, and Sagittarius A* at the center of the Milky Way.
The Swedish-ESO Submillimetre Telescope (SEST) is a 15-metre diameter radio telescope. It was originally located at the La Silla Observatory in Chile, and will be moved to Africa and repurposed as the Africa Millimetre Telescope.
In astronomy, blitzars are a hypothetical type of neutron star, specifically pulsars that can rapidly collapse into black holes if their spinning slows down. Heino Falcke and Luciano Rezzolla proposed these stars in 2013 as an explanation for fast radio bursts.
Violette Impellizzeri, is an Italian astronomer, astrophysicist and professor.
Luciano Rezzolla is an Italian professor of relativistic astrophysics and numerical relativity at the Goethe University Frankfurt. His main field of study is the physics and astrophysics of compact objects such as black holes and neutron stars. It was announced in 2019 that he had been appointed honorary Andrews Professor of Astronomy at Trinity College Dublin (TCD).
Samaya Michiko Nissanke is an astrophysicist, associate professor in gravitational wave and multi-messenger astrophysics and the spokesperson for the GRAPPA Centre for Excellence in Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics at the University of Amsterdam. She works on gravitational-wave astrophysics and has played a founding role in the emerging field of multi-messenger astronomy. She played a leading role in the discovery paper of the first binary neutron star merger, GW170817, seen in gravitational waves and electromagnetic radiation.
Sera Markoff is an American astrophysicist and full professor of theoretical high energy astrophysics at the Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam. She is a member of the Event Horizon Telescope team that produced the first image of a black hole.
Sheperd "Shep" S. Doeleman is an American astrophysicist. His research focuses on super massive black holes with sufficient resolution to directly observe the event horizon. He is a senior research fellow at the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian and the Founding Director of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) project. He led the international team of researchers that produced the first directly observed image of a black hole.
Johann Anton Zensus is a German radio astronomer. He is director at the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy (MPIfR) and honorary professor at the University of Cologne. He is chairman of the collaboration board of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). The collaboration announced the first image of a black hole in April 2019.
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Monika Mościbrodzka is a Polish astrophysicist who is a professor at Radboud University Nijmegen. She is an expert in general relativistic plasma dynamics and numerical astrophysics. She was part of the Event Horizon Telescope team who contributed to the first direct image of a black hole, supermassive black hole M87*. She was awarded the 2022 Dutch Research Council Athena Prize and the 2023 Eddington Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Mariëlle I. A. Stoelinga is a Dutch computer scientist based in the Netherlands. She is full professor of Risk Management for High Tech Systems in the Formal Methods & Tools Group at the University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands and holds a partial appointment as a full professor in the Software Science department at the Radboud University, Nijmegen. She is also director of Life Long Learning at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, at the University of Twente.