Bir el Menadla (Bir el Menadla) is a locality and archaeological site in Governorate de Mahdia (Al Mahdiyah), Tunisia (North Africa).
It is located at 35°25'60" N and 10°16'0" E between Dahmani and El Djem, at an elevation of 61 meters above sea level. [1] The site is near the Cherita and Sebkhet de Sidi El Hani lakes, and south of Kairouan.
Bir el Menadla is also known as Bi'r al Manadilah, Bir el Menadla, Bi’r al Manādilah [2] [3] Henchir-Bir-El-Menadka or just Menadla.
The ruins at Menadla date from the Roman Empire and are tentatively identified as a station on the Roman Road from Althiburos(Dahmani) To Thysdrus(El Djem) called Terento, [4] though there is a suggestion the town was named Forontoniana, [5] has also be proposed.
The ruins are tentatively identified with a Roman town of the Roman province of Byzacene, called Terento. [6] The town appears on the Tabula Peutingeria, and according to the Antonine Itinerary it was on the Roman Road from Althiburos To Thysdrus. [7] [8] [9] about 10 miles from Aquae Regiae [10] The Antonine Itinerary tells us that its neighbors were Germanieiana, tentatively identified with nearby Ksour-el-Maïete and Aeliae thought by some to be nearby Henchir-Merelma. If these tentatively identifications are correct it would confirm the Antonine Itinerary description of them being way stations on the limes Africana Road.
Terento is not on the lists of the Episcopal See and so it is presumed that the town was actually the cathedra for the diocese of Forontoniana.
Thysdrus was a Carthaginian town and Roman colony near present-day El Djem, Tunisia. Under the Romans, it was the center of olive oil production in the provinces of Africa and Byzacena and was quite prosperous. The surviving amphitheater is a World Heritage Site.
Mahdia is a Tunisian coastal city with 62,189 inhabitants, south of Monastir and southeast of Sousse.
Byzacena was a Late Roman province in the central part of Roman North Africa, which is now roughly Tunisia, split off from Africa Proconsularis.
El Djem or El Jem is a town in Mahdia Governorate, Tunisia. Its population was 21,576 during the 2014 census. It is home to Roman remains including the "Amphitheater of El Jem".
Althiburos was an ancient Berber, Carthaginian, and Roman settlement in what is now the Dahmani Delegation of the Kef Governorate of Tunisia. During the reign of emperor Hadrian, it became a municipality with Italian rights. It was the seat of a Christian bishop from the 4th to 7th centuries. The settlement was destroyed during the Muslim invasions and the area's population center moved to Ebba Ksour on the plain. This left Althiburos's ruins largely intact; they were rediscovered by travelers in the 18th century.
Almost all Roman roads in Africa were built in the first two centuries AD. In 14 AD Legio III Augusta completed a road from Tacape to Ammaedara: the first Roman road in Africa. In 42 AD, the kingdom of Mauretania was annexed by Rome. Emperor Claudius then restored and widened a Carthaginian trail and extended it west and east. This way the Romans created a continuous coastal highway stretching for 2,100 miles from the Atlantic to the Nile. In 137, Hadrian built the Via Hadriana in the eastern desert of Egypt. It ran from Antinoopolis to Berenice.
Pupput, also spelled "Putput", "Pudput", "Pulpud" and "Pulpite" in Latin, sometimes located in Souk el-Obiod ou Souk el-Abiod, is a Colonia in the Roman province of Africa which has been equated with an archaeological site in modern Tunisia. It is situated on the coast near the town of Hammamet, between the two wadis of Temad to the north and Moussa to the south. Much of the Pupput is buried under modern holiday developments which have been built over the major part of the site.
Henchir-Bir Aïssa is a former Roman and Byzantine town of Africa In modern Tunisia near the modern town of near Douar Ali Ben Ahmar. The town is located on a Wadi although it was known in antiquity as a well town. The site is 37.6 km south from Tunisia.
Pierre Salama was a French historian and archaeologist, specialist of Roman roads in Africa as well as milestones. An epigrapher, numismatist, he was also a specialist of historical geography.
Abbir Germaniciana also known as Abir Cella is the name of a Roman and Byzantine-era city in the Roman province of Africa proconsularis. The city was also the seat of a bishopric, in the ecclesiastical province of Carthage, and is best known as the home town of the Pre Nicaean father, Cyprian, who was bishop of Abbir Germaniciana around 250AD.
Abbir Maius also known as Abbiritanus was a Roman and Byzantine-era civitas (city), later municipium, in the Roman province of Africa proconsularis.
Altiburus was a Roman–Berber town located in Africa Proconsularis. The town is tentatively identified with ruins at Henchir-Medeina in modern Tunisia.
Carpi was a Roman era city in the Roman province of Africa Proconsolare, and has been tentatively identified with ruins at El Mraïssa Henchir-Mraïssa, on Cape Bon in Tunisia.
Tagarata, was a Roman era civitas of the Roman province of Africa Proconsularis. The ancient town has been tentatively identified with ruins either at Tell El-Caid, one of three tell at Aïn-Tlit or Henchir Kahloulta in the region of Carthage, Tunisia. The ancient town is known to history as the home of the Donatist Bishop Donato, who intervened at the Council of Carthage (411), it seems that time the town had no Catholic bishop. The bishopric exists today only as a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.
Forontoniana was a Roman town of the Roman province of Byzacena during late antiquity. The town has tentatively been identified with the ruins at Henchir-Bir-El-Menadla in modern Tunisia.
Marazanae was a Roman town of the Roman province of Byzacena during the Roman Empire and into late antiquity.
Ksour-el-Maïete is a set of ruins in Tunisia near the Cherita and the Sebkhet de Sidi El Hani lakes.
Henchir-Merelma is a locality and archaeological site in the Mahdia Governorate of Tunisia.
Naïdé Ferchiou was a Tunisian archaeologist whose work dealt mainly with Roman North Africa. She excavated at several important sites, including Abthugni.
Numidia was a Roman province on the North African coast, comprising roughly the territory of north-east Algeria.