E-30 | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Hispano Suiza E-30 of the Aeronáutica Naval | |
Role | Tandem seat trainer |
National origin | Spain |
Manufacturer | Hispano-Suiza |
Designer | André Bédoiseau |
First flight | 1930 |
Introduction | 1932 |
Primary users | Aeronáutica Militar Aeronáutica Naval |
Produced | 1931-1935 |
Number built | c.28 |
The Hispano Suiza E-30, later renamed Hispano E-30, was designed in Spain in 1930 as a multi-purpose intermediate trainer. It was a single engine, parasol wing monoplane. About 25 served with the Spanish armed forces until 1945.
Before 1930, Hispano-Suiza had built aircraft designed elsewhere and from 1928 had produced metal framed Nieuport-Delage 52 fighters for the Aviación Militar . This contract encouraged them to design an intermediate military trainer to prepare Spanish pilots for the Nieuport and also to provide advanced training for blind flying, gunnery, bombing, photo-reconnaissance and wireless operation. It was also to be suitable for liaison duties. The resulting aircraft was called the E-30, where E stood for Escuela (in English, training) and the 30 was from the design year of 1930. It was a single engine, parasol wing monoplane, seating two in tandem. [1]
The wing of the E-30 was straight edged and of constant chord, with rounded wing tips and a large, rounded cut-out in the trailing edge above the fuselage to improve visibility from the rear cockpit. It was fabric covered over a wooden structure, with Spanish pine box spars and ribs. Its centre section contained an integral fuel tank and was mounted on the fuselage with three duraluminum cabane struts on each side to the fuselage top and sides. Each wing was braced with a pair of lift struts from the fuselage bottom to about mid-span. The wings could be easily folded. [1]
The fuselage was in three sections. Behind the engine compartment there was a simple duraluminum section containing the open, tandem cockpits, the forward one being below mid-chord. The rear fuselage was a fabric covered tube steel structure, with the wood and fabric in-flight adjustable strut braced tailplane mounted on top. The fin, of similar construction, was broad and round edged, carrying the rudder which extended between the elevators to the fuselage bottom. Production machines had a new, triangular fin. The undercarriage was fixed and wide track (2.60 m or 8 ft 6 in), with near vertical main legs mounted on the forward lift struts. The tops of the legs were further braced to the upper fuselage. Split axles were fixed at the bottoms of the forward lift struts; single wheels were fitted with balloon tyres and had differential brakes for ground steering. The first prototype had a steerable tailskid, replaced by a tailwheel in later aircraft. [1]
The first prototype, which first flew in 1930 and was designated E-30 H, was powered by an upright V-8 180 hp (134 kW) Hispano-Suiza 8Ab engine. It had a maximum speed of 180 km/h (112 mph) and a takeoff weight of 1,150 kg (522 lb). A second prototype flew the following year, powered by a 220 hp (164 kW) Hispano-Wright 9Qa, an early licence-built version of the 9-cylinder radial Wright Whirlwind. The third prototype had a modified wing fitted with flaps and Handley Page slots for low speed flight. Production aircraft used a slightly developed version of this radial, the 250 hp (186 kW) Hispano-Wright 9 Qd. [1] [2]
The E-30 could be armed, according to its training rôle. Possibilities included a fixed, forward firing 7.7 mm (0.303 in) Vickers machine gun or a similar gun in the rear cockpit. Up to six 12 kg (23 lb) bombs could be attached to under fuselage and fuselage side racks. [3]
The Aeronáutica Militar purchased ten E-30s in 1932-3 and another five in 1935. The Aeronáutica Naval ordered seven between 1933-4, though they were later reported as having eight. [1] The Aeronáutica Militar aircraft had their radial engines cowled with Townend rings and driving a metal propeller; their wings carried Hadley Page slots. the Naval machines had uncowled engines, wooden propellers and folding wings. [1] [2]
E-30s were involved in the Spanish Civil War, all but one initially were part of the Spanish Republican Air Force. At first the Republican aircraft were used for bombing and reconnaissance but reverted to the training rôle as more suitable front line aircraft became available. [2] As the war ended, thirteen were captured by the Nationalists, [2] serving briefly with the Aviación Nacional [3] and then, in 1939, with the newly formed Ejercito del Aire until 1945. One remained with the Acedemia de Aviación at León in 1950. [2]
Since 1945 Spanish military air force aircraft have had designations describing their rôle. Under this system the E-30 became first the EE.2, as a basic trainer then the E.2 trainer. [3]
Data from Lage [1]
Data from Lage [1]
Data from Lage, [1] Aviones Militares Españoles [4]
General characteristics
Performance
Related lists
The Hispano-Suiza 8 is a water-cooled V8 SOHC aero engine introduced by Hispano-Suiza in 1914 that went on to become the most commonly used liquid-cooled engine in the aircraft of the Entente Powers during the First World War. The original Hispano-Suiza 8A was rated at 140 hp (100 kW) and the later, larger displacement Hispano-Suiza 8F reached 330 hp (250 kW).
The Breguet 19 was a sesquiplane bomber and reconnaissance aircraft which was also used for long-distance flights and was designed by the French Breguet company and produced from 1924.
The Nieuport-Delage NiD 52 was a French fighter aircraft of the 1920s. A single-engined sesquiplane, it served with the Spanish Air Force, being operated by both sides of the Spanish Civil War.
The PZL P.1 was a Polish fighter, designed by the engineer Zygmunt Puławski, manufactured by the PZL state-owned factory. It remained a prototype, but it was the first of the Polish PZL gull wing fighter series, leading to the PZL P.7, PZL P.11 and PZL P.24.
The Dewoitine D.1 was a French single-seat fighter aircraft of the 1920s, built by the French industrial company Dewoitine.
The Morane-Saulnier MS.230 aircraft was the main elementary trainer for the French Armée de l'Air throughout the 1930s. Almost all French pilots flying for the Armée de l'Air at the outbreak of World War II had had their earliest flight training in this machine. It was the equivalent of the Stearman trainer in the United States air services and the de Havilland Tiger Moth in the British Royal Air Force.
The Gourdou-Leseurre GL.30 was a racing aircraft built in France in 1920 which formed the basis for a highly successful family of fighter aircraft based on the same design.
The Lioré et Olivier LéO H-13 was a French biplane two-engine flying boat of the 1920s, built in passenger and military variants.
The SIAI S.52 was an Italian fighter prototype of 1924.
The Tebaldi-Zari was an Italian fighter prototype of 1919. The Breda company later acquired the rights to it.
The Fokker D.IX was a Dutch single seat, single engine fighter aircraft, the final, more powerful evolution of the Fokker D.VII World War I success, flown in 1921. The sole example was purchased by the US Army Air Service but not developed further.
The Romano R.90 was a prototype single-seat French floatplane fighter of the 1930s. A single example of the R.90 was built, but the type did form the basis of the Romano R.83 and Romano R.92 fighters which were built in secret for the Spanish Republicans during the Spanish Civil War.
The Hispano-Suiza E-34, later renamed Hispano HS-34, was a Spanish single engine, tandem seat biplane, designed as a basic trainer. Twenty five were ordered by the Aeronáutica Naval, but only five had been completed when the Spanish Civil War intervened.
The Dewoitine D.30 was a ten-seat cantilever monoplane built in France in 1930. The D.30 was a single-engine aircraft but the second was completed as a trimotor and redesignated D.31.
PZL P.8 was a Polish fighter aircraft designed by Zygmunt Puławski, from the family of fighters with Polish wing, developed and produced by Państwowe Zakłady Lotnicze (PZL) in the early 1930s.
The TNCA Series C Microplano was a single-engine, single-seat fighter designed and built in Mexico during World War I.
The Wibault 9 or Wib 9 was a single seat, parasol wing fighter aircraft designed and built in France in the 1920s. It was a re-engined version of the relatively successful Wib 7, but failed to reach production.
The AME VI was a reconnaissance aircraft, produced in Spain in the mid 1920s.
The Caudron C.97 was a two-seat biplane trainer designed and built in France around 1924. A number were used by the Bolivian Air Force.
The Hanriot H.34 was a basic trainer designed in France in 1924 which did not reach production. It was a parasol wing aircraft, seating two in tandem.