Hohenfels | |
---|---|
Location of Hohenfels within Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz district | |
Coordinates: 49°12′N11°51′E / 49.200°N 11.850°E | |
Country | Germany |
State | Bavaria |
Admin. region | Upper Palatinate |
District | Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz |
Subdivisions | 4 Ortsteile: Hohenfels, Großbissendorf, Markstetten, Raitenbuch |
Government | |
• Mayor (2020–26) | Christian Graf [1] (Ind.) |
Area | |
• Total | 137.10 km2 (52.93 sq mi) |
Elevation | 390 m (1,280 ft) |
Population (2023-12-31) [2] | |
• Total | 2,358 |
• Density | 17/km2 (45/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
Postal codes | 92366 |
Dialling codes | 09472 |
Vehicle registration | NM, PAR |
Website | www.markt-hohenfels.de |
Hohenfels (literally High Cliffs) is a municipality in the district of Neumarkt in the region of Upper Palatinate (German : Oberpfalz) in Bavaria, Germany. The town is host to the United States Army Garrison Hohenfels, which operates the Joint Multinational Readiness Center for training of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) armed forces.
The German Army founded a training area in Hohenfels in 1938.
During World War II there was a POW camp there, Stalag 383 [3] [4] On April 24, 1945, Major General Stanley Eric Reinhart's 65th Infantry Division captured Hohenfels. Major General Gustav Geiger, staff and guards surrendered. The POW camp with numerous British inmates was liberated.
Later, between 1945-1949 the site became a displaced persons camp. [4]
In 1951, Hohenfels became a training area for the United States military and was used primarily by United States forces until 1956. In 1955, the German Bundeswehr was founded, and in 1956 the first German unit was stationed in Camp Poellnricht (i.e. Lager Pöllnricht). From 1956 to 1988, the Hohenfels Training Area was used by NATO forces consisting primarily of American, German, Canadian, and occasionally British and French forces.
In 1988, Hohenfels became the home of the Combat Maneuver Training Center (CMTC), the mission of which was to provide realistic combined arms training for the United States Army, Europe, and Seventh Army's maneuver battalion task forces in force-on-force exercises.
Exercises revolved around the fictional nation of Danubia and its three provinces of friendly Sowenia, hostile Vilslakia, and neutral Jursland. The opposing force was the fictional army of Danubia. The 1st Battalion, 4th Infantry Regiment represented the "4th Guards Motorized Rifle Regiment". M113A2s were used to replicate Soviet BMP-2 IFVs and M60A3 tanks were used to replicate Soviet T-80 tanks.
In December 2005 the CMTC was transformed and officially renamed the Joint Multinational Readiness Center (JMRC), part of the Joint Multinational Training Center (JMTC), which oversees training of all of United States Army Europe (USAREUR).
Fort Carson is a United States Army post located directly south of Colorado Springs in El Paso, Pueblo, Fremont, and Huerfano counties, Colorado, United States. The developed portion of Fort Carson is located near the City of Colorado Springs in El Paso County.
The Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) is the military headquarters of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) Allied Command Operations (ACO) that commands all NATO operations worldwide. SHAPE is situated in the village of Casteau, near Mons, Belgium.
The 95th Infantry Division was an infantry division of the United States Army. Today it exists as the 95th Training Division, a component of the United States Army Reserve headquartered at Fort Sill, Oklahoma.
An opposing force is a military unit tasked with representing an enemy, usually for training purposes in war game scenarios. The related concept of aggressor squadron is used by some air forces.
Grafenwöhr is a town in the district of Neustadt an der Waldnaab, in the region of the Upper Palatinate in eastern Bavaria, Germany. It is widely known for the United States Army military installation and training area, called Grafenwoehr Training Area, located directly south and west of the town.
Fort Johnson, formerly Fort Polk, is a United States Army installation located in Vernon Parish, Louisiana, about 10 miles (15 km) east of Leesville and 30 miles (50 km) north of DeRidder in Beauregard Parish.
Hammelburg is a town in Bavaria, Germany. It sits in the district of Bad Kissingen, in Lower Franconia. It lies on the river Franconian Saale, 25 km west of Schweinfurt. Hammelburg is the oldest winegrowing town (Weinstadt) in Franconia.
The 7th Army Training Command is a United States Army training organization located at Tower Barracks, Germany. 7th ATC comes under the command of the U.S. Army Europe (USAREUR). 7th ATC is the United States Army's largest overseas training command and responsible for providing and overseeing the training requirements for USAREUR soldiers as well as North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and partner-nation countries.
Brigadier General Michael A. Ryan was a General Officer in the United States Army.
A military training area, training area or training centre (Canada) is land set aside specifically to enable military forces to train and exercise for combat. Training areas are usually out of bounds to the general public, but some have limited access when not in use. As well as their military function, they often serve as important wildlife refuges. They are distinct from proving grounds which are designed for purposes such as testing weaponry or equipment.
Danubia refers to a loosely defined region that roughly coincides with the Danube river basin in Central and Eastern Europe. It stretches from the Black Forest of Germany in the west to the Black Sea in the east, covering parts of twenty countries. Until 1918, most of Danubia was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Now it is split among Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, Ukraine, Italy, Slovenia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Bosnia Herzegovina and Romania.
The 560th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade, based at the Cumming Regional Readiness Center in Cumming, Georgia, was a major command of the Georgia Army National Guard. It was organized as the first battlefield surveillance brigade in the Army National Guard.
The Canadian Manoeuvre Training Centre (CMTC) is the Canadian Army's functional centre of excellence (FCoE) for collective training (CT) and is the army CT training authority on behalf of its higher headquarters, the Canadian Army Doctrine and Training Centre (CADTC). It is housed by 3rd Canadian Division Support Base Detachment Wainwright, in Denwood, Alberta.
The 3rd Squadron (R&S), 108th Cavalry Regiment was the reconnaissance and surveillance element of the 560th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade of the Georgia Army National Guard. The squadron was headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Nicknamed Renegades, it consisted of:
Saber Strike is an annual international exercise held since 2010 by the United States Army Europe (USAREUR) focused on the Baltic States. The exercise spans multiple locations in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia and involves approximately 2,000 troops from 14 countries.
The United States Army Garrison Bavaria is a Army garrison of the United States Army headquartered in Grafenwöhr, Germany, with four locations, which include Grafenwöhr, Vilseck, Hohenfels and Garmisch, along with Grafenwöhr Training Area Camps.
Stalag 383 was a German World War II Prisoner of War camp located in Hohenfels, Bavaria.
Hohenfels Army Airfield is a military airport near Hohenfels, a small town in Bavaria, Germany. It is part of the Hohenfels Training Area, which hosts the U.S. Army's Joint Multinational Readiness Center (JMRC). As part of JMRC, the airfield is used by helicopters in support of exercises held at the Hohenfels Training Area. It is also used as a refueling stop by Army helicopters transiting through Europe.
The Cincu Training Center, officially the National Joint Training Center "Getica" is a training center and shooting range for military personnel and units up to brigade level. It is located in the commune Cincu, Brașov County in the center of Romania. The center is subordinated to the General Staff of the Land Forces.