Hoshino Tenchi

Last updated
Hoshino Tenchi

Tenchi Hoshino.jpg

Hoshino Tenchi
Born(1862-01-10)January 10, 1862
Nihonbashi, Edo, Japan
Died September 17, 1950(1950-09-17) (aged 88)
Ashiya, Hyōgo, Japan
Occupation writer, sword master
Genre poetry, biography

Hoshino Tenchi(星野 天知, January 10, 1862 - September 17, 1950) was the pen name a noted poet, educator, calligrapher, and martial arts master in Meiji period Japan. His true name was Hoshino Shinnosuke (星野慎之輔). Hoshino Tenchi was one of the founders of the Bungakukai literary magazine, which was highly influential in the development of modern Japanese literature and Japanese poetry.

A pen name is a pseudonym adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of their works in place of their "real" name. A pen name may be used to make the author's name more distinctive, to disguise their gender, to distance an author from some or all of their previous works, to protect the author from retribution for their writings, to combine more than one author into a single author, or for any of a number of reasons related to the marketing or aesthetic presentation of the work. The author's name may be known only to the publisher or may come to be common knowledge.

Meiji period Japanese era 1868–1912

The Meiji period, or Meiji era, is an era of Japanese history which extended from October 23, 1868 to July 30, 1912. This era represents the first half of the Empire of Japan, during which period the Japanese people moved from being an isolated feudal society at risk of colonisation by European powers to the new paradigm of a modern, industrialised nationstate and emergent great power, influenced by Western scientific, technological, philosophical, political, legal, and aesthetic ideas. As a result of such wholesale adoption of radically-different ideas, the changes to Japan were profound, and affected its social structure, internal politics, economy, military, and foreign relations. The period corresponded to the reign of Emperor Meiji and was succeeded upon the accession of Emperor Taishō by the Taishō period.

Japan Constitutional monarchy in East Asia

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Asian continent and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and the Philippine Sea in the south.

Contents

Biography

Hoshino was born in the Nihonbashi district of Edo to a family of sugar wholesale merchants. He was educated at the terakoya in Japanese calligraphy and the Chinese classics, but unusually for the time, also in the English language. He also attended a preparatory school for Ochanomizu University. However, even as a student he began to submit humorous stories to magazines, and eventually quit both school and the family business to obtain diplomas in jiujitsu and Japanese swordsmanship. In 1886, he entered the Agricultural Department of Tokyo Imperial University, where he majored in medicinal herbs. The following year, he was baptized into a Calvinist church, and became acquainted with Iwamoto Yoshiharu, an advocate of women's education and on graduation, accepted a post as an instructor of martial arts, psychology, western-style education, and kanji, at the Meiji Girls' School (明治女学校) in Tokyo. In 1890, he helped launch a women's magazine Joshigakusei ("Schoolgirl"), for which Christian schools in Japan cooperated by sending a cautionary tale and moral encouragement and poetry written by students, with contributions from known writers such as Kitamura Tokoku and Shimazaki Toson.

Nihonbashi town located in Chūō-ku, Tokyo

Nihonbashi (日本橋) is a business district of Chūō, Tokyo, Japan which grew up around the bridge of the same name which has linked two sides of the Nihonbashi River at this site since the 17th century. The first wooden bridge was completed in 1603. The current bridge, designed by Tsumaki Yorinaka and constructed of stone on a steel frame, dates from 1911. The district covers a large area to the north and east of the bridge, reaching Akihabara to the north and the Sumida River to the east. Ōtemachi is to the west and Yaesu and Kyobashi to the south.

Edo Former city in Musashi, Japan

Edo, also romanized as Jedo, Yedo or Yeddo, is the former name of Tokyo. It was the seat of power for the Tokugawa shogunate, which ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868. During this period, it grew to become one of the largest cities in the world and home to an urban culture centered on the notion of a "floating world".

Terakoya were private educational institutions that taught writing and reading to the children of Japanese commoners during the Edo period.

In 1892, Hoshino helped launch the Bungakukai literary magazine, which he helped to edit over a ten-year period. Hoshino developed a literary circle with the various writers who lived near his home in Kamakura, where he resided from 1893. He is also known for his biographical works on the Kamakura period historical personages Mongaku, and Abutsu-ni. Hoshino married a fellow instructor at the Meiji Girls' School, Matsui Man, in 1895. A writer herself, she occasionally published stories disparaging her husband's obsession with the martial arts. In 1900, Hoshino also established an experimental farm in Chiba Prefecture.

Literary magazine periodical devoted to literature

A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish short stories, poetry, and essays, along with literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals, or little magazines, terms intended to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.

Kamakura period period of Japanese history

The Kamakura period is a period of Japanese history that marks the governance by the Kamakura shogunate, officially established in 1192 in Kamakura by the first shōgun, Minamoto no Yoritomo. The period is known for the emergence of the samurai, the warrior caste, and for the establishment of feudalism in Japan.

Abutsu-ni Japanese female poet of the Kamakura period

Abutsu-ni was a Japanese poet and nun. She served as a lady-in-waiting to Princess Kuni-Naishinnō, later known as Empress Ankamon-in. In approximately 1250 she married fellow poet Fujiwara no Tameie. She had two children with him. Following his death in 1275, she became a nun. A dispute over her son's inheritance led her, in either 1277 or 1279, to travel from Kyoto to Kamakura in order to plead on her son's behalf. Her account of this journey, told in poems and letters, was published as Izayoi nikki, her most well-known work.

From 1904, Hoshino was vice principal of the newly established Kamakura Women's School. Around this time, he also became the 8th Grand Master of the Yagyū Shingan ryū [ citation needed ] school of martial arts. He established the Bugei-ka, a department for the transmission of classical martial arts at the Meiji Women's College, where he also taught the Yagyū Shingan-ryū.

Martial arts codified systems and traditions of combat practices

Martial arts are codified systems and traditions of combat practiced for a number of reasons such as self-defense, military and law enforcement applications, physical, mental and spiritual development; as well as entertainment and the preservation of a nation's intangible cultural heritage.

Yagyū Shingan-ryū

Yagyū Shingan-ryū (柳生心眼流), is a traditional school (koryū) of Japanese martial arts. Different styles of Yagyū Shingan-ryū, such as Heihojutsu and Taijutsu, assert different founders, Takenaga Hayato and Araki Mataemon respectively, but they all go back to Ushū Tatewaki, referred to in some historical scrolls as Shindō Tatewaki, who taught a system based on Sengoku-period battlefield tactics, that was called Shindō-ryū.

After his house was destroyed in the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, he moved to Ashiya, Hyōgo, near Kobe, where he continued to teach Japanese calligraphy. He published his memoirs in 1938. In 1948, Hoshino was baptized as a Roman Catholic. He died of natural causes in 1950.

1923 Great Kantō earthquake earthquake

The Great Kantō earthquake struck the Kantō Plain on the Japanese main island of Honshū at 11:58:44 JST on Saturday, September 1, 1923. Varied accounts indicate the duration of the earthquake was between four and ten minutes.

Ashiya, Hyōgo City in Kansai, Japan

Ashiya is a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, between the cities of Nishinomiya and Kobe. The city was founded on November 10, 1940.

Kobe Designated city in Kansai, Japan

Kobe is the sixth-largest city in Japan and the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture. It is located on the southern side of the main island of Honshū, on the north shore of Osaka Bay and about 30 km (19 mi) west of Osaka. With a population around 1.5 million, the city is part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area along with Osaka and Kyoto.

Related Research Articles

Iaijutsu

Iaijutsu (居合術) is a combative quick-draw sword technique. This art of drawing the Japanese sword, katana, is one of the Japanese koryū martial art disciplines in the education of the classical warrior (bushi).

Kenjutsu

Kenjutsu (剣術) is the umbrella term for all (koryū) schools of the Japanese swordsmanship, in particular those that predate the Meiji Restoration. The modern styles of kendo and iaido that were established in the 20th century included modern form of kenjutsu in their curriculum, too. Kenjutsu, which originated with the samurai class of feudal Japan, means "the method, technique or the art of the sword." This is opposed to kendo, which means "the way of the sword" and uses bamboo swords (shinai) and protective armour (bōgu).

Yagyū Munenori samurai and daimyo of the early Edo period

Yagyū Munenori was a Japanese swordsman, founder of the Edo branch of Yagyū Shinkage-ryū, which he learned from his father Yagyū "Sekishūsai" Muneyoshi. This was one of two official sword styles patronized by the Tokugawa shogunate. Munenori began his career in the Tokugawa administration as a hatamoto, a direct retainer of the Tokugawa house, and later had his income raised to 10,000 koku, making him a minor fudai daimyō, with landholdings around his ancestral village of Yagyū-zato. He also received the title of Tajima no Kami (但馬守).

Yagyū Shinkage-ryū (柳生新陰流) is one of the oldest Japanese schools of swordsmanship (kenjutsu). Its primary founder was Kamiizumi Nobutsuna, who called the school Shinkage-ryū. In 1565, Nobutsuna bequeathed the school to his greatest student, Yagyū Munetoshi, who added his own name to the school. Today, the Yagyū Shinkage-ryū remains one of the most renowned schools of Japanese swordsmanship. Its name roughly means Yagyū New Shadow School.

Kitamura Tokoku Japanese writer

Kitamura Tōkoku was the pen name of Kitamura Montarō (北村門太郎), a Japanese poet, essayist, and one of the founders of the modern Japanese romantic literary movement in the late Meiji period of Japan.

The Yagyū were a family of daimyōs with lands just outside Nara, who became the heads of one of Japan's greatest schools of swordsmanship, Yagyū Shinkage-ryū. The Yagyū were also Kenjutsu teachers to the Tokugawa shoguns and descendant of the famous Taira clan, hailing from prestigious Imperial Lineage with the Kabane rank of Ason.

Ittō-ryū (一刀流), meaning "one-sword school", is the ancestor school of several Japanese Koryū kenjutsu styles, including Ono-ha, Mizoguchi-ha, Nakanishi-ha, Kogen, Hokushin, and Itto Shoden. The style was developed by Ittōsai Kagehisa.

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature.

-- first stanza of Julia Ward Howe's Battle Hymn of the Republic conceived as both poem and lyrics to a popular tune and first published in February in The Atlantic Monthly

Tatsuko Hoshino Japanese writer

Tatsuko Hoshino was a Japanese haiku poet active in Shōwa period Japan.

Mizuho Ōta Japanese writer

Mizuho Ōta was the pen-name of Teiichi Ōta, a Japanese poet and scholar of Japanese literature, active in Shōwa period Japan. He also occasionally used another pen name, Mizuhonoya.

Yaeko Nogami Japanese writer

Yaeko Nogami was the pen-name of a novelist in Shōwa period Japan. Her maiden name was Kotegawa Yae.

Hokushin Ittō-ryū

Hokushin Ittō-ryū Hyōhō (北辰一刀流兵法) is a koryū (古流) which was founded in the late Edo period (1820’s) by Chiba Shusaku Narimasa. He was one of the last masters who was called a Kensei.

Takenaga Hayato 竹永 隼人(birth and death unknown) was the founder of the mainline Yagyū Shingan-ryū(柳生心眼流) a.k.a. Shingan ryu martial arts tradition circa 1600. The YAGYU SHINGAN ryu in its entirety is a school of Heiho jutsu.

Kyoshi Takahama Japanese writer

Kyoshi Takahama was a Japanese poet active during the Shōwa period of Japan. His real name was Takahama Kiyoshi (高浜清); Kyoshi was a pen name given to him by his mentor, Masaoka Shiki.

Henmi Sōsuke swordsman

Henmi Sōsuke was a Japanese swordsman who also served as a martial arts instructor of Tatsumi-ryū and Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department.

Ryōi Shintō-ryū Jūjutsu 良移心当流 柔術, is a traditional school of Jujutsu (柔術), founded in the early 17th century by Fukuno Shichirouemon Masakatsu (福野七郎右衛門正勝).

References

International Standard Book Number Unique numeric book identifier

The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier which is intended to be unique. Publishers purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.