Hu (vessel)

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  1. 1 2 Rawson, Jessica (1990). Ancient Chinese and Ordos Bronzes. Hong Kong: Oriental Ceramic Society of Hong Kong. p. 88.
  2. Birmingham Museum of Art (2010). Birmingham Museum of Art: Guide to the Collection. London, UK: GILES. p. 22. ISBN   978-1-904832-77-5.
  3. Asian Art Museum (1977). Bronze Vessels of Ancient China in the Avery Brundage Collection. San Francisco: Asian Art Museum. pp. 94, 100, 102, 122, 128.
  4. Chang, Kwang-chih (1977). Food in Chinese Culture: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 30.
  5. Loehr, Max (1968). Ritual Vessels of Bronze Age China. New York: Asia Society. pp. 197–198.
  6. Rawson, Jessica (1996). Mysteries of Ancient China: New Discoveries from the Early Dynasties. New York: G. Braziller. p. 99.
  7. 1 2 Rawson, Jessica (1990). Western Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections. Washington, D.C.: Sackler Foundation. p. 610.
  8. Metropolitan Museum of Art (1980). The Great Bronze Age of China. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 252.
  9. 1 2 "Wine container (hu) (China) (1999.46a,b)". In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. (October 2006) Accessed 29 September 2010
  10. Metropolitan Museum of Art (1980). The Great Bronze Age of China. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 254–263.
  11. Fong, Mary H. (1988–1989). "The Origin of Chinese Pictorial Representation of Human Figure". Artibus Asiae. 49 (1/2): 7. doi:10.2307/3250045. JSTOR   3250045.
  12. Wikimedia Commons (8 May 2008). "File:BronzeHuVessel-EasternZhouDynasty-ROM-May8-08.png" . Retrieved 5 December 2012.
  13. 1 2 Watson, William. Ancient Chinese Vessels. (Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle & Company), pp. 24
  14. Kidder, J. Edward. Early Chinese Bronzes in the City Art Museum of St. Louis
  15. 1 2 3 4 Watson, William. Ancient Chinese Vessels. (Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle & Company), pp. 23
  16. Encyclopædia Britannica Online, s. v. "hu", accessed October 30, 2012
  17. Encyclopædia Britannica Online, s. v. "hu", accessed November 10, 2012
  18. Rawson, Jessica. "Two Chinese Bronze Ritual Vessels (British Museum)" pp. 870
  19. Kidder, J. Edward. Early Chinese Bronzes in the City Art Museum of St. Louis. (St. Louis: Washington University, 1956) pp. 27
  20. 1 2 Erdberg, Eleanor (1993). Ancient Chinese Bronzes. germany: Sienberg-Verlag, Bad Wildungen. pp. 20–160. ISBN   3-87747-063-7.
  21. 1 2 Bagley, Robert (2001). Ancient Sichuan:Treasures from a Lost Civilization. Washington: The Seattle Art Museum in association with Princeton University Press. pp.  219–225. ISBN   0-691-08851-9.
  22. Rawson, Jessica (1990). Western Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections. Washington D.C.: The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation, Washington, D.C. and The Arthur M. sackler Museum, Harvard UNiversity, MAssachusetts.
  23. Metropolitan Museum of Art (1980). The Great Bronze Age of China. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 164, 185.
  24. Metropolitan Museum of Art (1980). The Great Bronze Age of China. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 237, 248.
  25. Metropolitan Museum of Art (1980). The Great Bronze Age of China. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 312.
  26. Asian Art Museum (1977). Bronze Vessels of Ancient China in the Avery Brundage Collection. San Francisco: Asian Art Museum. pp. 126–127.

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<i>Zun</i> Type of Chinese ritual bronze or ceramic wine vessel

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<i>Guang</i> (vessel)

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<i>Gu</i> (vessel) Ancient Chinese ritual bronze vessel

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<i>Gui</i> (vessel) Type of Chinese vase-like container

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<i>Fangyi</i>

A fangyi is a type of Chinese ritual bronze container typical of the Shang and early to middle Zhou periods of Bronze Age China. It takes the shape of a square or rectangular casket with a cover that resembles a hip roof, surmounted by a knob of a similar hipped appearance. The lower edge is typically indented with a semi-circular notch.

References

  1. Sing, Yu; Caron Smith (1999). Ringing Thunder- Tomb Treasures from Ancient China. San Diego: San Diego Museum of Art. ISBN   0-937108-24-3.
  2. Joseph Needham, Ling Wang (1954) Science and Civilisation in China. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   0-521-65270-7
  3. Bagley, Robert W. (1987). Shang Ritual Bronzes in the Arthur M. Sacklers Collections. Washington D.C: The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation. pp. 347–350. ISBN   0-674-80525-9.
  4. Rawson, Jessica (1990). Western Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections. Washington D.C.: The Arther M. Sackler Foundation. pp. 609–618.
  5. Von Erdberg, Eleanor (1978). Chinese Bronzes from the collection of Chester Dale and Dolly Carter. Switzerland: Artibus Asiae. pp. 52–59.
  6. Sullivan, Michael (1984). The Arts of China. California: University of California Press. pp.  47–81.
  7. Erdberg, Eleanor (1993). Ancient Chinese Bronzes:Terminology and Iconology. Germany: Siebenberg-Verlag. pp. 21–149. ISBN   3-87747-063-7.
  8. Bagley, Robert (2001). Ancient Sichuan. Washington: Scattle Art Museum in association with Princeton University Press. pp.  219–225. ISBN   0-691-088519.
  9. Metropolitan Museum of Art (1980). The Great Bronze Age of China. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art.
  10. Asian Art Museum (1977). Bronze Vessels of Ancient China in the Avery Brundage Collection. San Francisco: Asian Art Museum.
  11. Rawson, Jessica (1990). Western Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections. Washington, D.C.: Sackler Foundation.
  12. Rawson, Jessica (1996). Mysteries of Ancient China: New Discoveries from the Early Dynasties. London: British Museum Press.
  13. Rawson, Jessica (1990). Ancient Chinese and Ordos Bronzes. Hong Kong: Oriental Ceramic Society of Hong Kong.
  14. Wood, Nigel (1989). "Ceramic Puzzles from China's Bronze Age". New Scientist: 3–50.
  15. Weber, Charles D. (1968). "Chinese Pictorial Bronze Vessels of the Late Chou Period. Part IV". Artibus Asiae. 30 (30): 145–213+215–236. doi:10.2307/3250303. JSTOR   3250303.
  16. Loehr, Max (1965). Ritual Vessels of Bronze Age China. New York: Asia Society.
  17. Chang, Kwang-chih (1977). Food in Chinese Culture: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  18. Encyclopædia Britannica Online, s. v. "hu", accessed October 30, 2012, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/274091/hu.
  19. Kidder, J. Edward. Early Chinese Bronzes in the City Art Museum of St. Louis. (St. Louis: Washington University, 1956) pp. 27
  20. Rawson, Jessica. "Two Chinese Bronze Ritual Vessels (British Museum)" The Burlington Magazine, Vol. 114, No. 837 (Dec., 1972), pp. 870+872-873
  21. Watson, William. Ancient Chinese Vessels. (Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle & Company)

Further reading

  1. Qinhua, Cheng (1995). Chinese Bronzes: A General Introduction. China: Foreign Language Press. pp. 54–95. ISBN   7-119-01387-4.
  2. Pope, John (1967). The Freer Chinese Bronzes. Washington: Smithsonian publication. pp. 418–422.
  3. Heusden, Willem (1952). Ancient Chinese Bronzes. Tokyo: Privately Published by the Author. pp. 126–127.
  4. Allan, Sarah (1991). "Chapter 6: Art and Meaning". The Shape of the Turtle: Myth, Art, and Cosmos in Early China. State University of New York Press, Albany. pp. 124–169.
  5. Koerner, Joseph Leo (1985). "The Fate of the Thing: Ornament and Vessel in Chou Bronze Interlacery". RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics. 10 (10): 28–46. doi:10.1086/RESv10n1ms20166733. S2CID   193641453.
  6. Rawson, Jessica (1989). "Chu Influences on the Development of Han Bronze Vessels". Arts Asiatiques. 44 (44): 84–99. doi:10.3406/arasi.1989.1261.
  7. Weber, Charles D. "Chinese Pictorial Bronze Vessels of the Late Chou Period. Part IV" Artibus Asiae, Vol. 30, No. 2/3 (1968), pp. 145–213+215-236
  8. Herold, Robert J. "A Family of Post-Han Ritual Bronze Vessels" Artibus Asiae, Vol. 37, No. 4 (1975), pp. 259–279
Hu
Traditional Chinese
Simplified Chinese
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Wade–Giles hu2
Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese ɦuo
Old Chinese
Zhengzhang *ɡʷlaː