Idalion Temple inscriptions

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The Idalion Temple inscriptions in the Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum (CIS I 89-94) Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum CIS I 89-94 (from Cyprus).jpg
The Idalion Temple inscriptions in the Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum (CIS I 89-94)

The Idalion Temple inscriptions are six Phoenician inscriptions found by Robert Hamilton Lang in his excavations at the Temple of Idalium (modern Dali, Cyprus) in 1869, [1] whose work there had been inspired by the discovery of the Idalion Tablet in 1850. [2] [3] The most famous of these inscriptions is known as the Idalion bilingual. The Phoenician inscriptions are known as KAI 38-40 and CIS I 89-94.

They are currently at the British Museum. [4] The discovery was first announced by Paul Schröder in 1872. [4] [5]

The inscriptions

NameImageDate Concordance
KAI CIS / RES NEKINSITSSIMuseum ID
Number 1
(Idalion bilingual)
Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum CIS I 89 (from Cyprus) (cropped).jpg 388 BC39I 89 BM 125320
Number 2 Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum CIS I 90 (from Cyprus) (cropped).jpg 391 BC38I 90421,13124III 34 BM 125315
Number 3 Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum CIS I 91 (from Cyprus) (cropped).jpg I 91421,23225 BM 125328
Number 4 Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum CIS I 92 (from Cyprus) (cropped).jpg 354 BCI 9226 BM 125326
Number 5 Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum CIS I 93 (from Cyprus) (cropped).jpg 254 BC40I 93421,33327 BM 125327 (replica)
Number 6 Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum CIS I 94 (from Cyprus) (cropped).jpg I 94 BM 125316

Notes

  1. Journal of the American Oriental Society. American Oriental Society. 1880. pp. 93–.
  2. J. Murray (1878). "NARRATIVE OF EXCAVATIONS IN A TEMPLE AT DALI (IDALIUM) IN CYPRUS, BT R. H. LANG ESQ., WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THE VARIOUS ANTIQUITIES FOUND THEREIN, BY R. S. POOLE, ESQ., KEEPER OF THE COINS AND MEDALS, BRITISH MUSEUM. (Read November 16, 1871.)". Transactions of the Royal Society of Literature of the United Kingdom. Royal Society of Literature (Great Britain): 50. The inscriptions procured by Mr. Lang up to the writing of this paper would seem to be the following:
    1. Five lines of Phænician-the offering of a woman for three chil. dren to Reheph-itan P in the 67th year of Citium.
    2. Two lines of do. to Reseph-mikal by Malek-itan in the 2nd year of his reign.
    3. Two lines--to the same god by the same king, but undated; the stone broken in half.
    4. Two lines broken but restorable, an offering of Pumi.itan, the son of Malek-itan, in the 8th year of his reign.
    5. Originally in five lines, but much shattered. Line 1 is quite - lost, l. 2 nearly so. The name and descent of the offerer may be gathered by comparing what remains of 1. 2 and 3.
    6. The bilingual Phænician and Cypriote, 3 lines of former (a por. tion lost but restorable) and 3 of Cypriote. In the 4th year of Malek-itan=385-4=B.C. 381. Besides these, two or three Phanician inscriptions from Cyprus are in the Louvre. The character of the Phænician is distinctly Cypriote, and a descendant of that on the Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar about B.c. 600.
  3. Paul Schröder, 6 May 1872, Über einige Fragmente phönikischer Inschriften aus Cypern, 6. Mai. Sitzung der philosophisch-historischen, Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussische Akademie des Wissenschaften zu Berlin; Königliche Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften: [Footnote]: "Von den erwähnten sechs phönikischen Texten ist die eine, welche in zwei Zeilen 93 Buchstaben enthält, aus dem zweiten Regierungsjahr eines bisher noch nicht bekannten Königs von Kition und Idalion Namens ..... (Jaal oder Joel) datirt und ..... .....widmet. Eine zweite ist nur in ihrer linken Hälfte erhalten und enthält u. a. den Namen desselben Königs ..... Die dritte ist in zwei Stücke zerbrochen und links unvollständig, sie enthält in zwei Zeilen 26 Charaktere und spricht von einem dem ..... geweihten Bilde (.....); eine vierte von 50 Buchstaben, von einem gewissen Esmunadon demselben Gotte (..... .....) gewidmet, besteht fast nur aus Eigennamen und ist auf dem oberen Ende einer Stele eingehauen. Die fünfte, die längste von allen (sie enthält in fünf an der linken Seite nicht ganz unversehrten Zeilen ungefähr 220 Buchstaben), beginnt mit einer Zeitangabe nach der Regierung eines Ptolemäers.... Die Sechste lnschrift endlich ist eine Bilinguis: auf einen nicht ganz vollständig erhaltenen phönikischen Text von drei Zeilen, welcher mit den Worten .........beginnt und mit ...... schliefst, folgt ein vierzeiliger unversehrter Text in sogenannter cypriotischer Schrift von ungefähr 100 Buchstaben. Da diese cypriotische Inschrift aller Wahrscheinlichkeit nach nur die Übersetzung der darüber stehenden phönikischen Inschrift ist, so ist diese Bilinguis für die Entzifferung der sog. cypriotischen Schrift von grofser Wichtigkeit."
  4. 1 2 Euting, Julius (1875). Sechs Phönikische Inschriften aus Idalion. Karl J. Trübner. Die Originale der im Folgenden mitgetheilten sechs Inschriften aus Idalion befinden sich sämmtlich im British Museum; und sind zuerst angekündigt worden durch P. Schröder in den Monatsberichten der Berl. Akad. 1872, S. 335 ff. Wenn derselbe eine noch nicht ganz zutreffende Beschreibung gab, so hatte diess – wenn ich mich seiner Worte recht erinnere – seinen Grund darin, dass der damalige Besitzer Herr R. Ham. Lang, englischer Consul zu Larnaka, noch in Unterhandlung über den Verkauf, ihn dieselben nur unvollständig copiren liess. Ausser der ersten derselben, der bilinguis, sind sämmtliche unedirt.
  5. Paul Schröder, 6 May 1872, Über einige Fragmente phönikischer Inschriften aus Cypern, 6. Mai. Sitzung der philosophisch-historischen, Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussische Akademie des Wissenschaften zu Berlin; Königliche Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften: [Footnote]: "Diese zuletzt erwähnten Inschriften, sechs an der Zahl (das Fragment einer siebenten besteht nur aus den fünf Buchstaben .....) wurden 1869 von dem damaligen Agenten der ottomanischen Bank, jetzigem englischen Consul zu Larnaka, Hrn. Lang, zu Dali (dem alten Idalion, phön. .....), ungefähr eine Viertelstunde südlich vom Dorfe, zugleich mit einer grofsen Menge von Statuen, Statuetten, Köpfen, Reliefs, Terracotten, griechischen und cypriotischen Inschriften u. s. w. ausgegraben und befinden sich jetzt im britischen Museum. Sie sind von beträchtlicher Länge und beziehen sich auf gewisse dem Gotte ...... (Reschephmekel oder Reschephmikal?) geweihte Bildwerke, denen die Marmorplatten, auf welchen die Inschriften eingehauen sind, aller Wahrscheinlichkeit nach als Basis dienten. ..... ist vielleicht der phönikische Apollo, und Reschephchetz der ..... ..... (.... Pfeil). Die Etymologie von ... ist dunkel. Im Besitz des Hrn. Lang befindet sich auch ein viereckiger Block mit einer griechischen Inschrift, welcher zugleich mit jenen phönikischen Inschriften zu Dali ausgegraben worden ist und einst als Piedestal für zwei Idole diente, wie die auf seiner Oberfläche noch sichtbaren Spuren von vier Menschenfüfsen deutlich zeigen; die Inschrift besagt, dass ein gewisser Mnaseas die Statue dem Apollo von Amyklä (.... ....) weihte; dürfte man hiernach die Vermuthung wagen, .... sei mit Amyklä zusammenzubringen?"

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